1,720,976 research outputs found
Bio-formulates as a promising control strategy against different Fusarium pathogens with intent to reduce food mycotoxins contamination.
No full textThe problems of fungal pathogens on durum wheat. Italy is the main producer and consumer of this cereal. Durum wheat is subject to the attack of numerous microorganisms responsible for different diseases, that cause both quantitative and qualitative damage
Molecular and Morphological Insights into Emerging Colletotrichum Species Causing Apple Bitter Rot and Glomerella Leaf Spot in Northern Italy
Full text link: Colletotrichum species from the Acutatum complex are well-known pathogens responsible for Apple Bitter Rot in post-harvest apples across Europe, including Italy. In recent years, however, Apple Bitter Rot has become a significant pre-harvest issue, affecting both fruit and leaves. This is concerning, as Colletotrichum species also cause Glomerella Leaf Spot, a damaging foliar disease. The emergence of Colletotrichum species from the Gloeosporioides complex, previously rare in Europe, has further raised concerns about disease management. This study investigates the diversity and pathogenicity of Colletotrichum species in apple orchards across Northern Italy. From 2021 to 2023, isolates were collected from apple fruits and leaves in Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, and Trentino-Alto Adige. Multi-locus analyses revealed several species, with C. chrysophilum (22/45 colonies) being the most prevalent, followed by C. fioriniae (12/45 colonies) and C. siamense (6/45 colonies). C. grossum (2/45 colonies) and C. sojae (3/45 colonies) were less common. These species belong to different complexes: C. chrysophilum, C. siamense, and C. grossum in the Gloeosporioides complex, C. fioriniae in the Acutatum complex, and C. sojae in the Orchidearum complex. Pathogenicity assays on wounded and unwounded Gala apple fruits and leaves showed that C. siamense was the most aggressive, followed by C. grossum. C. sojae was non-pathogenic on fruits and caused lesions only on wounded leaves. This study provides an updated overview of Colletotrichum diversity in Italy and highlights the emergence of new species, including C. siamense and C. sojae, which are reported for the first time in the country. These findings may help explain recent changes in disease dynamics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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