1,721,025 research outputs found
Early Career Award. Enhancing constraint programming with machine learning: current challenges and future opportunities
No full textQuentin Cappart from the Polytechnic University of Milan tells about the Constraint programming (CP) that is a well-established method for tackling combinatorial problems. Traditionally, CP has focused on solving isolated problem instances, often overlooking the fact that these instances frequently originate from related data distributions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in leveraging machine learning, particularly neural networks, to enhance CP solvers by utilizing historical data. Despite this interest, it remains unclear how to effectively integrate learning into CP engines to boost overall performance. In this presentation, I will share my journey in tackling this challenge, from my initial attempts to my current research directions. I will offer personal advice for researchers interested in exploring this fascinating field, highlighting the potential and opportunities for integrating machine learning with constraint programming7739.mp4
7739.mp
Verification of railway interlocking systems and optimisation of railway traffic
No full textSince the dawn of the nineteenth century, development of railway systems has taken a huge importance in many countries. Over the years, the number of trains, the number of tracks, the complexity of networks increase and are still increasing. Directing trains on efficient routes, stopping and cancelling them are some actions that railway operators must take in their everyday life in order to regulate the traffic. However, with its continual growth, the consequences of such actions become rapidly hard to predict. Bad decisions can lead to disastrous situations such as accidents or, in the best cases, to unnecessary delays leading to financial losses. Decisions and actions that could be taken manually in the past are now hard combinatorial problems that require computer based methods for their solving. In this context, the need of a reliable and efficient railway traffic management is crucial. Like any transportation system, three aspects must be considered: safety, availability and fluidity. Safety and availability belong to verification engineering while fluidity is related to optimisation. A plethora of research on this field already exist. However, most of it suffers of a lack of scalability. They can only be used for small or medium stations. This thesis presents innovative approaches for tackling this problem. For each aspect, we propose a method, that is feasible in practice for stations of any size. Concretely, verification of safety is performed with a dedicated algorithm while availability is verified with Statistical Model Checking. Fluidity optimisation is carried out with Constraint Programming. The performance of these methods are analysed through three stations of the Belgian railway network.(FSA - Sciences de l'ingénieur) -- UCL, 201
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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