1,721,024 research outputs found
Achievement of partial nitrification under different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and ammonia loading rate for the co-treatment of landfill leachate with municipal wastewater
No full textPartial nitrification (PN) is a technically and economically effective solution for the treatment of wastewater featuring low C/N ratio, allowing to achieve approximately 25% energy saving and 40% carbon source for denitrification. This study investigated the effect of different carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and ammonia loading rate (ALR) on PN performances in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating landfill leachate with municipal wastewater. The aim was to find an optimum range for C/N and ALR to maximize PN performances. Results demonstrated that a proper balancing between ALR and C/N is crucial to achieve high PN efficiency. The results highlighted the existence of an optimum range for ALR and C/N of approximately 0.30-0.50 kg NH4-N m-3d-1 and 2-4. Although complete suppression of NOB was not achieved at these values, a predominance of nitrite (125 mg L-1) to nitrate (50 mg L-1) was observed. The results demonstrated the achievement of PN even at high C/N (4) but, on the other hand, C/N higher than 6 were not favorable to autotrophic growth. C/N significantly lower than 4 caused a stress condition for the biomass, leading to an excess in SMP production. Therefore, the operational parameters as well as the co-treatment ratio should be adjusted in order to operate the system under specific ALR (0.30-0.50 kg NH4-N m-3 d-1) and C/N (2-4)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Greenhouse gases from membrane bioreactors: New perspectives on monitoring and mathematical modeling
No full textThe awareness that the wastewater sector represents a significant source of greenhouse gas emission has increased, and is the awareness is evident based on the numerous research papers published in technical literature in the last 10 years. This chapter is aimed at providing a timely overview on greenhouse gas production and emission from membrane bioreactors. Specifically, this chapter dedicates particular attention to nitrous oxide (N2O), considering both experimental and mathematical modeling approaches. Referring to the experimental data, the observed results highlighted the significant contribution of the aerated compartments toward nitrous oxide emission as well as the importance of specific wastewater features (i.e., carbon to nitrogen ratio or presence of recalcitrant compounds, like hydrocarbons), showing at the same time high emissions variability.In terms of mathematical modeling, the results highlighted that models combining the N2O formation contribution due to autotrophic (as nitrifiers and denitrifiers) and heterotrophic provide excellent results in terms of predicting the N2O emission from membrane bioreactors. Results have also demonstrated that these mathematical models represent excellent tools for predicting the MBR behavior under different operational conditions with the aim to reduce effluent pollutants (solid, liquid, and gaseous)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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