1,720,988 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sexual function in men born with classic bladder exstrophy: a norm related study.
No full textPurpose: We evaluated erectile function in men born with classic bladder exstrophyusing a validated instrument and compared results with those in agematched controls.Materials and Methods: A total of 28 patients born with bladder exstrophy wereinvited to self-administer an Italian version of the International Index of ErectileFunction-15 to assess erectile and orgasmic function, sexual desire and satisfaction,and overall satisfaction. A score of 25 or less of 30 in the erectile functiondomain was considered diagnostic for erectile dysfunction. Scores in patientswith bladder exstrophy were compared with scores in 38 normal controls whoself-administered the same questionnaire.Results: A total of 19 men (68%) with a median age of 27.1 years (range 18.3 to41.2) returned the questionnaire, of whom 11 (58%) presented with erectiledysfunction compared to 9 (23%) age matched controls (p 0.02). Erectiledysfunction was more common in patients with bladder exstrophy who underwentmultiple continence surgeries. Orgasmic function was also significantlylower in patients with bladder exstrophy than in controls (p 0.001). No differencewas observed between the groups in the sexual desire, sexual satisfactionand overall satisfaction domains.Conclusions: Patients born with classic bladder exstrophy appear to have erectiledysfunction and decreased orgasmic function more commonly than normalcontrols, particularly when they underwent multiple continence surgeries. Sexualdesire seems comparable to that of their peers. Eventually patients withbladder exstrophy seem to lead a sexual life that is as satisfactory as that of their peers
Sexual Function in Men Born With Classic Bladder Exstrophy: A Norm Related Study
No full textPurpose:
We evaluated erectile function in men born with classic bladder exstrophy using a validated instrument and compared results with those in age matched controls. Materials and Methods:
A total of 28 patients born with bladder exstrophy were invited to self-administer an Italian version of the International Index of Erectile Function-15 to assess erectile and orgasmic function, sexual desire and satisfaction, and overall satisfaction. A score of 25 or less of 30 in the erectile function domain was considered diagnostic for erectile dysfunction. Scores in patients with bladder exstrophy were compared with scores in 38 normal controls who self-administered the same questionnaire. Results: A total of 19 men (68%) with a median age of 27.1 years (range 18.3 to 41.2) returned the questionnaire, of whom 11 (58%) presented with erectile dysfunction compared to 9 (23%) age matched controls (p = 0.02). Erectile dysfunction was more common in patients with bladder exstrophy who underwent multiple continence surgeries. Orgasmic function was also significantly lower in patients with bladder exstrophy than in controls (p = 0.001). No difference was observed between the groups in the sexual desire, sexual satisfaction and overall satisfaction domains. Conclusions: Patients born with classic bladder exstrophy appear to have erectile dysfunction and decreased orgasmic function more commonly than normal controls, particularly when they underwent multiple continence surgeries. Sexual desire seems comparable to that of their peers. Eventually patients with bladder exstrophy seem to lead a sexual life that is as satisfactory as that of their peers. Like many other congenital chronic conditions, the bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex can cause lifelong serious developmental hurdles and adversity in females and males.1–3 Anxiety about an abnormal body appearance can interfere with normal acceptance of body image and self-esteem, and ultimately impair normal psychosexual development and social life.1–4 Males seem to be more vulnerable and, hence, experience more trouble with starting friendships and partnerships than their female counterparts.5,6 The issue can become particularly relevant from puberty onward. Although some evidence suggests that anxiety never attains the level of a psychiatric disorder,2,7 other evidence suggests that it may.1,6,8 In a recent series 14 of 38 patients with bladder exstrophy (37%) between ages 14 and 24 years had suicide ideation or attempted or completed suicide.9 All of these patients were male. A major concern in male patients with bladder exstrophy is the genital appearance, particularly the size of the phallus, which is smaller than in normal males, and erectile deformity.1,10,11 Sparse objective data exist in the literature about erectile and sexual function in males with bladder exstrophy as they approach adulthood. It is clearly vital to counsel these patients appropriately and perhaps soften their anxiety.IIEF-15 is a standardized questionnaire to assess erectile function.12 It has been used in the general population and in patients with chronic conditions such as chronic liver disease or chronic renal failure as well as in those with a congenital defect leading to chronic disability, such as spina bifida.13,14 We assessed erectile function in men born with classic bladder exstrophy using IIEF-15 and compared results with those in age matched controls. Materials and Methods
Between 2004 and 2008, 28 males born with classic bladder exstrophy who were older than 18 years were admitted to our institution. The main reasons for admission were stone treatment in 6 cases, endoscopy in 5, bladder neck surgery in 4, catheterizable conduit revision in 3, bladder augmentation in 3, cosmetic penile surgery in 2, and urethroplasty, urethrocutaneous fistula closure, phalloplasty, assessment before renal transplantation and evaluation after renal transplantation in 1 each. These patients were invited to participate in the study by a pediatric urologist in charge of their care. The study purpose was explained and anonymity was guaranteed. Two age matched controls were enrolled per each patient who consented to participate. Normal volunteers were approached by a pediatric urologist in training and asked to participate in a survey about erectile function in the general population.Two questionnaires were mailed to those who consented to participate with a cover letter containing instructions on how to complete the questionnaire and contact telephone numbers for further information, if deemed appropriate. The first questionnaire was a version of the IIEF-15 validated in Italian. Participants were asked to self-administer it with a 4-week time frame for their response. All 5 IIEF-15 domains were considered, including erectile function (score 0—minimum to 30—maximum), sexual desire (score 0 to 10), orgasmic function (score 0 to 10), intercourse satisfaction (score 0 to 15) and overall satisfaction (score 0 to 10).Those with a score of 25 or less on the erectile function domain were considered to have ED.15 This was further graded according to Cappelleri et al as mild—erectile function score between 22 and 25, mild to moderate—between 17 and 21, moderate—between 11 and 16, and severe—between 6 and 10.15 The 6 questions composing the erectile function domain, namely erection frequency, erection firmness, penetration ability, maintenance frequency, maintenance ability and erection confidence, were also considered separately. In addition to the IIEF-15, a nonstructured questionnaire was administered asking about participant marital status, current partnerships, and sexual life and preferences. For patients with bladder exstrophy information on surgical history and clinical outcomes was collected from clinical charts.Data are expressed as the median and range for age, and the median and IQR for IIEF-15 scores. We compared patients with bladder exstrophy with vs without ED, and patients vs controls. Nonparametric tests were used, including the Mann-Whitney U test for nonpaired continuous values and the chi-square or Fisher exact test for categorical variables with p ≤0.05 considered significant. Results of the 28 eligible patients 19 returned the mailed questionnaire for a 68% response rate. Median respondent age was 27.1 years (range 18.3 to 41.2). The main reasons for hospitalization in these cases was stone treatment in 4, endoscopy in 4, bladder augmentation in 2, bladder neck surgery in 2, catheterizable conduit revision in 2, and cosmetic penile surgery, urethroplasty, phalloplasty, assessment before renal transplantation and evaluation after renal transplantation in 1 each. Table 1 lists patient characteristics and surgical histor
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Donor site outcome after oral mucosa harvest for urethroplasty in children and adults
No full textPURPOSE:
We report short and long-term donor site outcomes after oral mucosa graft harvesting for urological reconstruction in a large series of patients including children, and identify possible risk factors for an untoward long-term outcome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 78 patients were evaluated. Short-term outcomes included time to restore normal oral diet, perioral sensory defect/discomfort and jaw opening impairment occurring within 4 weeks of surgery. Long-term outcomes included donor site scarring, perioral sensory defect and jaw opening impairment occurring more than 1 year postoperatively. Long-term outcomes were assessed via a questionnaire administered to patients and on clinical examination by an oral surgeon. Outcomes were compared in children (younger than 12 years at surgery) and adults, and with regard to harvesting site, graft length, length of followup and other variables.
RESULTS:
Two-thirds of the patients returned to a normal oral diet within 3 days postoperatively (range 1 to 8). All patients complained of perioral sensory defect/discomfort postoperatively, and 26% had jaw opening impairment. After a median followup of 7.6 years (range 1 to 13.2) perioral sensory defect was the most common complication observed (28%) in cases formally evaluated by an oral surgeon. The sensory defect was seldom perceived by the patients and never required treatment. It was statistically more common in patients undergoing surgery as adults, whereas none of the other variables proved significant.
CONCLUSIONS:
Oral mucosa graft harvesting is safe irrespective of age. About a quarter of patients, more commonly adults, will have a long-term perioral sensory defect. However, the defect is never perceived as bothersome
Donor Site Outcome After Oral Mucosa Harvest for Urethroplasty in Children and Adults
No full textPurpose: we report short and long-term donor site outcomes after oral mucosa graft harvesting for urological reconstructionin a large series of patients including children, and identify possible risk factors for an untoward long-term outcome. Materials and methods: a total of 78 patients were evaluated. Short-term outcomes included time to restore normal oraldiet, perioral sensory defect/discomfort and jaw opening impairment occurring within 4 weeks of surgery. Long-termoutcomes included donor site scarring, perioral sensory defect and jaw opening impairment occurring more than 1 yearpostoperatively. Long-term outcomes were assessed via a questionnaire administered to patients and on clinical examinationby an oral surgeon. Outcomes were compared in children (younger than 12 years at surgery) and adults, and with regard toharvesting site, graft length, length of followup and other variables.Results: Two-thirds of the patients returned to a normal oral diet within 3 days postoperatively (range 1 to 8). All patientscomplained of perioral sensory defect/discomfort postoperatively, and 26% had jaw opening impairment. After a medianfollowup of 7.6 years (range 1 to 13.2) perioral sensory defect was the most common complication observed (28%) in casesformally evaluated by an oral surgeon. The sensory defect was seldom perceived by the patients and never requiredtreatment. It was statistically more common in patients undergoing surgery as adults, whereas none of the other variablesproved significant.Conclusions: Oral mucosa graft harvesting is safe irrespective of age. About a quarter of patients, more commonly adults,will have a long-term perioral sensory defect. However, the defect is never perceived as bothersom
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