1,838 research outputs found
L'olmo, la quercia, il nido di gazze. Ricordi di Vito Fumagalli (1938-1997)
No full textRaccolta di riflessioni sull'opera storiografica di Vito Fumagalli (autori: Bruno Andreolli, Ovidio Capitani, Massimo Montanari, Giuseppe Sergi)
An empirical approach for reliable microsatellite genotyping of wolf DNA from multiple noninvasive sources
No full textWildlife management and conservation take advantage of the possibility to study free-living populations by collecting and analysing noninvasive samples. Nevertheless, the commonly adopted approaches, aimed at preventing results being affected by genotyping errors, considerably limit the applicability of noninvasive genotyping. An empirical approach is presented for achieving a reliable data set of wolf (Canis lupus) genotypes from multiple sources of DNA collected in a monitored population. This method relies on the relationship between sample quality and amplification outcome, which is ultimately related to the occurrence of typing errors (allelic dropout, false alleles). After DNA extraction, templates are amplified once at each locus and a conservative rating system (Q-score) is adopted to define the quality of single-locus amplifications. A significant relationship was found between quality scores and error rate (r2 = 0.982). Thus it was possible to predict the chance a genotype has of being affected by errors on the basis of its Q-score. Genotypes not reaching a satisfactory confidence level can either be replicated to become reliable or excluded from the data set. Accordingly, in the present case study, 48-73% of all single-locus and 51-53% of all multilocus genotypes reached a sufficient (99% and 95% respectively) reliability level after a single amplification per locus. Despite the possible decrease in overall yield, this method could provide a good compromise between accuracy in genotyping and effectiveness in screening large data sets for long-term or large-scale population surveys. However, to achieve complete and reliable data sets, replicated amplifications are necessary for those samples and loci providing poor results
Analisi comparativa delle abitudini alimentari del lupo (Canis lupus) in tre diversi ecosistemi italiani
No full textLivestock damage and wolf presence in a rural area of northeastern Apennines, Tuscany, Italy
No full textA comparative analysis of wolf (Canis lupus) diet in three different Italian ecosystems
No full textTo verify food habit flexibility of wolf populations under different ecological conditions, scats were analysed collected year round in three study areas and diet composition of resident packs was compared. The three study areas, representing Alpine (SV), Apennine (PM) and Mediterranean (CV) ecosystems, are rich in wild ungulates, which differ in number of species and relative abundance; livestock is also present. Wild ungulates were the main source of food, accounting for 89.4%-95.1% of the diet. Livestock, instead, hardly reached 8% of annual mean percent volume in any one area, and only in the Alps did they play a major role in autumn. Other food items constituted less than 5% of annual mean percent volume. Variations in the proportions of use of wild ungulate categories were observed among the study areas, although some patterns of intraspecific selection emerged in each area. Finally, differences both in the relationships between utilisation and availability of preys, and in trophic niche breadth were discussed in relation to environmental features and colonization patterns
Prey selection and dietary response by wolves in a high-density multi-species ungulate community
No full text"\"\\\"Studies on predation by the wolf (Canis lupus) have often reported contradictory results about the role of prey density and vulnerability on wolf prey use. We investigated dietary response and prey selection by wolves. in a high-density and multi-species ungulate community,. analysing scats collected over a period of 11 years in the Casentinesi Forests, Italy. The second most abundant species, wild boar (Sus scrofa), was found to be the main wolf prey, and we did not observe any dietary response of wolves to variations in the density of either primary or secondary prey species. Selection patterns were uniform throughout the study period. Wolves strongly selected for wild boar piglets, while roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) fawns and adults, red deer (Cervus elaphus) adults and fallow deer (Dama dama) adults were avoided. Wolf preference for wild boar was inversely density dependent. Within each species, juveniles were preferred to adults. Medium-sized, young individuals of both wild boar and roe deer were optimal prey, although with different selection patterns related to the different anti-predator strategies adopted by each prey species. The results of this study suggest that in productive ecosystems with high density and high renewal rates of prey, selection patterns by wolves are determined by prey vulnerability, which is connected to prey age and body size. The different patterns of wild boar versus cervids use by wolf across Europe seems to be related to their relative abundances, while the strong selection of wild boar in Italian Apennines with respect to the more frequent avoidance in central-eastern Europe is. better explained by higher piglet productivity and smaller body size of adults boar in Mediterranean temperate forests.\\\"\"
A methodology for medium-scale seismic susceptibility maps: an example from the Modena Apennines (northern Italy)
No full textThis paper describes a methodology for the implementation of medium-scale (1:50,000 scale) seismic susceptibility maps for assessingseismic hazard in territorial planning. It illustrates the research carried out in the Modena and Reggio Emilia Provinces with an examplein the Modena mid-Apennines (area between Zocca and Rocca Malatina).The research, supported by bibliographical investigations on Quaternary active faults and on earthquake-induced surface effects, wasorganised according to the following studies: 1) Study of the geological characteristics. Elaboration of “Geological maps”. 2) Study ofthe litho-technical characteristics for the identification of the areas which may show homogeneous litho-technical behaviour in theoccurrence of earthquakes. Elaboration of “Litho-technical maps” and of “Simplified litho-technical maps” 3) Study of geomorphologicalcharacteristics for the determination of geomorphological situations which may give local responses by causing relative amplification ofseismic waves and/or earthquake-induced instability. Elaboration of “Geomorphological maps” and of “Simplified geomorphologicalmaps”; 4) Study of seismic susceptibility characteristics for the identification of the areas prone to seismic amplification and/or earthquake-induced instability on the basis of previous data. Elaboration of “maps of seismic susceptibility”. In these maps, the litho-technicalfeatures potentially causing amplification are shown with zones classified from 1 to 5 according to the increase of amplification (amplificationfrom Low to High); the morphological features causing amplifications (scarps higher than 20 m, narrow and long ridges) areshown with linear symbols. The features causing earthquake-induced instability are shown with zones indicated with letters from A to Daccording to the following classes of instability: A) stable areas and intermediate stability areas; B) potentially unstable areas with possibleproblems regarding the bearing capacity of soils; C) potentially unstable areas prone to mass movements; D) unstable areas proneto mass movements. The Quaternary faults are also shown in the map. Therefore, in the maps of seismic susceptibility the classes ofsusceptibility can be shown as zones with an alphanumeric code defined through the combination of numbers, from 1 to 5, and letters,from A to D (or with different areal symbols or different corresponding colours).The collected information was stored by means of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The procedures for the implementation ofthe “Maps of seismic susceptibility” were obtained by means of GIS operations starting from the geological map, geomorphological mapand the data base of the inventories of Quaternary active faults and earthquake-induced surface effects. These maps give a sufficientlydetailed picture of seismic hazard and susceptibility in the study area and can be easily consulted and understood by technicians fromadministration boards. The research herein described is qualitative and not quantitative and therefore, considering also the scale adopted,it can be considered as a grade 1 zonation (cf. TC4, 1999)
Recuerdos de Massimo.
No full textEl presente ensayo recuerda la rica relación personal e intelectual entre Massimo Pavarini e Iñaki Rivera Beiras desde que el segundo conoció siendo muy joven a Pavarini. En ese sentido, el trabajo recuerda los inicios de su fecunda relación en la ciudad de Bologna cuando Iñaki Rivera acudía a presentar a Massimo Pavarini los desarrollos de lo que sería su tesis doctoral. Las contribuciones de Pavarini al proceso de aprendizaje de Rivera, en el terreno de una epistemología crítica en la penología contemporánea, son analizados como un homenaje a la memoria y a la obra del autor italiano, tras su fallecimiento en septiembre de 2015.This paper recalls the rich personal and intellectual relationship between Massimo Pavarini and Iñaki Rivera Beiras. In that sense , the work recalls the beginning of his fruitful relationship in the city of Bologna when Iñaki Rivera came to present Massimo Pavarini’ developments in what would be his PhD thesis. Pavarini contributions to the learning process of Rivera, on the ground of a critical epistemology in contemporary penology , are analyzed as a tribute to the memory and to the work of Italian author, after his death in September 2015 .El presente ensayo recuerda la rica relación personal e intelectual entre Massimo Pavarini e Iñaki Rivera Beiras desde que el segundo conoció siendo muy joven a Pavarini. En ese sentido, el trabajo recuerda los inicios de su fecunda relación en la ciudad de Bologna cuando Iñaki Rivera acudía a presentar a Massimo Pavarini los desarrollos de lo que sería su tesis doctoral. Las contribuciones de Pavarini al proceso de aprendizaje de Rivera, en el terreno de una epistemología crítica en la penología contemporánea, son analizados como un homenaje a la memoria y a la obra del autor italiano, tras su fallecimiento en septiembre de 2015
Geological and geomorphological data set for seismic susceptibility maps of Modena and Reggio Emilia Provinces (Northern Italy)
No full textThis paper illustrates the documents necessary for the implementation of medium-scale (1:50,000 scale) seismic susceptibility maps for assessing seismic hazard in territorial planning. It describes the research carried out in the Modena and Reggio Emilia Provinces with an example in the Modena mid-Apennines
- …
