1,720,976 research outputs found
L'emozione della moltitudine
No full textIl saggio si sofferma sui presupposti e sulle conseguenze della rappresentazione, nel Decameron, della "moltitudine delle cose", considerata sia nelle sue caratteristiche di realismo letteraio, sia nella sua valenza propriamente conoscitivia
Peptides in chemical space
Get PDFPeptides, defined as sequences of amino acids up to approximately 50 residues in length, represent an extremely large reservoir of potentially bioactive compounds, referred to here as the peptide chemical space. Recent advances in computer hardware and software have led to a wide application of computational methods to explore this chemical space. Here, we review different in silico approaches including structure-based design, genetic algorithms, and machine learning. We also review the use of molecular fingerprints to sample virtual libraries and to visualize the peptide chemical space. Finally, we present an overview of the known peptide chemical space in form of an interactive map representing 40,531 peptides collected from eleven open-access peptide and peptide-containing databases, accessible at https://tm.gdb.tools/map4/peptide_databases_tmap/. These peptides are displayed as TMAP (Tree-Map) according to their molecular fingerprint similarity computed using MAP4, a MinHashed atom pair fingerprint well suited to analyze large molecules
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Populating Chemical Space with Peptides Using a Genetic Algorithm
No full textIn drug discovery, one uses chemical space as a concept to organize molecules according to their structures and properties. One often would like to generate new possible molecules at a specific location in the chemical space marked by a molecule of interest. Herein, we report the peptide design genetic algorithm (PDGA, code available at https://github.com/reymond-group/PeptideDesignGA), a computational tool capable of producing peptide sequences of various topologies (linear, cyclic/polycyclic, or dendritic) in proximity of any molecule of interest in a chemical space defined by macromolecule extended atom-pair fingerprint (MXFP), an atom-pair fingerprint describing molecular shape and pharmacophores. We show that the PDGA generates high-similarity analogues of bioactive peptides with diverse peptide chain topologies and of nonpeptide target molecules. We illustrate the chemical space accessible by the PDGA with an interactive 3D map of the MXFP property space available at http://faerun.gdb.tools/. The PDGA should be generally useful to generate peptides at any location in the chemical space
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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