1,721,024 research outputs found
High Triatoma brasiliensis densities and Trypanosoma cruzi prevalence in domestic and peridomestic habitats in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil: The source for Chagas disease outbreaks?
Get PDFA total of 2,431 Triatoma brasiliensis were collected from 39 populations of Paraíba (PB) and Rio Grande do Norte (RN) states, Brazil. In PB, Trypanosoma cruzi infection was not detected in either peridomestic or domestic vector populations. In contrast, in RN, T. brasiliensis was detected with high parasite prevalence in these ecotopes (30.7-40.0%). Moreover, peridomicile insect population densities were more than double the average densities of all other settings evaluated (19.17 versus < 8.94 triatomine/man-hour). Genotyped parasites evidenced a mix of T. cruzi lineages circulating in both peridomestic and sylvatic populations. Although vector control efforts have dramatically decreased Chagas disease transmission to humans, recent outbreaks have been detected in four municipalities of RN state. Our results clearly evidence a worrisome proximity between infected vectors and humans in RN. Indeed, finding of infected T. brasiliensis inside homes is routinely recorded by local vector control surveillance staff around the outbreak area, challenging the current and conventional view that vector transmissions are controlled in northeastern Brazil. This scenario calls for strengthening vector control surveillance and interventions to prevent further Chagas transmission, especially in RN State.Fil: Lilioso, Mauricio. Universidade Federal da Paraíba; BrasilFil: Folly Ramos, Elaine. Universidade Federal da Paraíba; BrasilFil: Rocha, Fabiana Lopes. Universidade Federal da Paraíba; BrasilFil: Rabinovich, Jorge Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Capdevielle Dulac, Claire. Universite Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Harry, Myriam. Universite Paris Saclay; FranciaFil: Marcet, Paula Lorena. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Costa, Jane. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Almeida, Carlos Eduardo. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Brasi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Conicofrontia bipartita (Hampson, 1910) Le Ru, comb. nov.
No full textConicofrontia bipartita (Hampson, 1910) Le Ru, comb. nov., stat. rev. (Figs. 1 a– 1 d, 3 a, 3 e, 3 i, 4 a) Phragmatiphila bipartita Hampson, 1910: 272 Conicofrontia sesamoides: Tams & Bowden, 1953: 651 Material examined. Holotype (female) of Phragmatiphila bipartita: Republic of South Africa: E. Transvaal, White River, xii 1906, Agrotidae genitalia slide 1271, A.T. Cooke Coll., 1906 - 314 [BMNH]. Other material: Republic of South Africa: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kwazulu-Natal, Karkloof, 29 ° 16.282 ’S, 30 ° 21.381 ’E, 1291m asl, 08.ii. 2007, ex larva (in stem of Miscanthus capensis (Nees) Andersson) [1 ♂ gen. prep LERU Bruno/ G504, 1♀ gen. prep LERU Bruno/ 304] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]. Redescription. The female holotype was poorly described by Hampson (1910). The male is described here for the first time; externally it looks very similar to the female, however the general shape of the female’s forewing is more elongated at the apex than that of the male. Additions to the previous descriptions (Figs. 1 a– 1 d): antennae ochreous, filiform in female, serrate in male, cilia short, fasciculate, flagellum adorned dorsally with brown scales, palpus brown. Head and front of thorax ochreous brown, tegulae bright ochreous, legs brown ochreous, abdomen greyish ochreous. Forewing: a longitudinal dark brown fascia from the base along the lower margin of the cell partly within the cell, partly without, extending to just before the termen; the cell ochreous, all other areas (costa, apex, termen and inner margin) ochreous suffused with brown scales; A small subterminal black spot on vein 5, all veins towards the apex adorned with ochreous scales. Fringe ochreous adorned successively with a narrow basal black line, a narrow ochreous line and a thick light brown line. Hindwing; grey strongly tinged with brown veins suffused with brown scales; fringe grey with a narrow basal grey-white line highlighted at the base with a narrow brown line. Underside of the forewing uniformly ochreous; slightly suffused with brown scales on the costa and apex, strongly suffused with brown scales from the cell to the termen, less suffusion in the inner margin. Underside of hindwing ochreous uniformly suffused with brown scales but more densely on costa and apex; veins of both forewing and hindwing adorned with ochreous scales. Wingspan 35 mm (1 male), 34 mm (1 female). Male genitalia (Figs. 3 a, 3 e). Uncus long and wide, tapering to a fine point and tufted with long hair on the upperside; tegumen with medium-size rounded peniculi, vinculum with medium-size triangular saccus; valves elongate and narrow; cucullus elongate, rounded at apex and tufted with medium size hairs; sacculus with an heavily sclerotized and dentate clavus, all dents with the same size; the presence of a sclerotized and slightly dentate plate, pear shaped, across the upper edge of the sacculus, costal margin with a small sclerotized ridge-like expansion roundly pointed and slightly curved inwardly; the juxta oblong, elongated pear-shaped without sclerotization with a long and narrow neck shortly bifid. Aedeagus short, slightly curved, manica with a two-lobed sclerotization, less than one fifth length of the aedeagus, ending in a Spinoza tip; vesica with two ventral cornuti slightly dented, one-quarter length of the aedeagus. Female genitalia (Fig. 3 i). Unfortunately the bursa copulatrix can not be described as it has been spoiled during the genitalia preparation; ductus bursae broad and strongly sclerotized on the ostium side; ventral plate of ostium bursae sclerotized bilobate with small lobes funnel-shaped; dorsal plate large, broad, weakly sclerotized. Ovipositor lobes relatively long and narrow (2.5 times longer than wide) with many stout bristles in addition to the small setae and an apical crest of short stout bristles. Larvae L 5 instar (Fig. 4 a): length, 35–40mm, width, 4.0 mm; head smooth, orange brown, prothoracic shield pale yellow; body with ground colour buff, dorsally suffused with pink, pinacula pale yellow and caudal plate brown. Young larvae are very similar in appearance to mature ones. Conicofrontia bipartita: 1 a—male upper side, 1 b—male under side, 1 c—female upper side, 1 d—female under side. Conicofrontia diamesa: 1 e—male upper side, 1 f—male under side, 1 g—female upper side, 1 h—female under side. Conicofrontia lilomwa: 2 a—male upper side, 2 b—male under side, 2 c—female upper side, 2 d—female under side. Conicofrontia sesamoides: 2 e—male upper side, 2 f—male under side, 2 g—female upper side, 2 h—female under side. Conicofrontia diamesa: 3 b—male genitalia, 3 f—male penis, 3 j—female genitalia. Conicofrontia lilomwa: 3 c—male genitalia, 3 g—male penis, 3 k—female genitalia. Conicofrontia sesamoides: 3 d—male genitalia, 3 h—male penis, 3 l—female genitalia. Conicofrontia bipartita: 4 a; Conicofrontia diamesa: 4 b; Conicofrontia lilomwa: 4 c; Conicofrontia sesamoides: 4 d. Bionomics. Conicofrontia bipartita is a markedly hygrophilous species inhabiting grasses along banks of streams, rivers and marshes. Second and third instar larvae were collected at the bottom of Miscanthus capensis inflorescence stems, always gregarious. Typically, plants exhibiting signs of infestation by C. bipartita larvae have a dry, brown inflorescence. We suspect that the larvae disperse when they reach the fourth instar. No pupae were found in stems, and therefore borers probably pupate in the soil. Distribution. South Africa. The two records are from Afromontane (Mosaic no 19) vegetation mosaic (White 1983) (Fig. 6). Remarks. Easily separated from C. sesamoides with which it has been confused by Tams & Bowden (1953). The juxta is plate-like in C. sesamoides while it is pear-shaped in C. bipartita, with the valves broader at basal half in C. bipartita compared to C. sesamoides and the clavus much more elongated toward the apex in C. sesamoides.Published as part of Ru, Bruno Le, Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire, Conlong, Desmond, Pallangyo, Beatrice, Berg, Johnnie Van Den, Ong'Amo, George & Kergoat, Gael J., 2015, A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data in Zootaxa 3925 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23717
Conicofrontia diamesa Hampson 1920
No full textConicofrontia diamesa (Hampson, 1920) (Figs. 1 e– 1 h, 3 b, 3 f, 3 j, 4 b) Arenostola diamesa Hampson, 1920: 257. Conicofrontia diamesa (Hampson): Tams & Bowden, 1953: 652. Material examined. Holotype (male) of Arenostola diamesa: Republic of South Africa: Zululand, Eshowe, xii 1916, Agrotidae genitalia slide 1292, E.E. Platt Coll. [BMNH]. Other material: Republic of South Africa: 3 ♂, 4 ♀, Eston, 29 ° 55.102 ’S, 30 ° 37.222 ’E, 673m a.s.l., 02.ii. 2009, ex larva (in stem of Cymbopogon sp.) [2 ♂ gen. prep LERU Bruno/G 300 -G643, 2♀ gen. prep LERU Bruno/G 55 -G 301] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]. Redescription. The male holotype was poorly described by Hampson (1920). The male looks very similar to the female, however the general shape of the female’s forewing is more elongated at the apex. Additions to the previous descriptions (Figs. 1 e– 1 h): antennae ochreous, filiform in female, serrate in male, cilia short, fasciculate, flagellum adorned dorsally with brown scales, palpus brown, eyes red brown. Head and front of thorax ochreous brown, tegulae bisque, legs brown ringed with bisque, abdomen brown ochreous, anal tuft ochreous. Forewing: a longitudinal brown fascia suffused with fuscous scales from the base along the lower margin of the cell partly within the cell, partly without, extending to just before the termen; the cell, costa, apex, termen and inner margin bisque with areas between veins suffused with fuscous scales in apex and termen; 2–3 small black spots along the upper margin of the cell, sometimes one additional black spot in front of the cell. Fringe bright ochreous or bisque adorned successively from the base with a narrow basal brown line, a thick bisque line and a thick brown line. Hindwing; grey bistre strongly suffused with brown scales; fringe bistre with a narrow grey bistre line at the base. Underside of the forewing bistre suffused with brown and fuscous scales on the costa and apex, strongly suffused with brown scales from the cell to the termen, less suffusion in the inner margin. Underside of hindwing grey uniformly suffused with brown and fuscous scales but more densely on costa and apex; veins of both forewing and hindwing adorned with fuscous scales. Wingspan 24–27 mm (males) (n = 6); 26–28 mm (females) (n = 6). Male (27, 26, 25, 25, 24, 26), Female (27, 28, 26, 26, 27, 27) Male genitalia (Figs. 3 b, 3 f). Uncus long and wide, tapering to a fine point and tufted with long hair on the upperside; tegumen with medium-size rounded peniculi, vinculum with medium-size triangular saccus; valves elongate and narrow, cucullus elongate, rounded at apex and tufted with medium size hairs; sacculus with an heavily sclerotized and dentate clavus, dents larger at both ends; the presence of a sclerotized and heavily dentate plate across the upper edge of the sacculus, costal margin with a small sclerotized ridge-like expansion roundly pointed and slightly curved inwardly; the juxta plate like, short and becoming smaller towards the top. Aedeagus short, slightly curved, manica with a two-lobed sclerotization, less than one fifth length of the aedeagus, ending in a spinose tip; vesica with two strongly dentate ventral cornuti, almost one third length of the aedeagus. Female genitalia (Fig. 3 j). Corpus bursae long and cylindrical with one signa; ductus seminalis from the basal part of the bursa; ductus bursae broad and strongly sclerotized on the ostium side; ventral plate of ostium bursae sclerotized bilobate deeply invaginated at middle, thus forming a circular-shaped ventral wall of antrum; dorsal plate large, broad, weakly sclerotized. Ovipositor lobes short and wide (1.5 times longer than wide) with many stout bristles in addition to the small setae and an apical crest of short stout bristles. Larvae L 5 instar (Fig. 4 b): length, 30–35mm, width, 3.5 mm; head smooth, orange brown, prothoracic shield yellow orange; body with ground colour buff, dorsally suffused with pink, pinacula pale yellow and caudal plate brown. Young larvae are very similar in appearance to mature ones. Bionomics. Conicofrontia diamesa is a hygrophilous species inhabiting grasses along banks of streams, rivers and marshes. Larvae were collected at the bottom of young stems of Cymbopogon sp. stems, always solitary. Typically, plants exhibiting signs of infestation by C. diamesa larvae have a curled, brown, central leaf. Damaged stems had a small hole (ca. 2 mm diameter) located approximately 10 cm from ground level. We suspect that the larvae disperse when they reach the fourth instar. No pupae were found in stems, and therefore borers probably pupate in the soil. Distribution. South Africa. The two records are from Afromontane (Mosaic no 19) vegetation mosaic (White 1983) (Fig. 6). Remarks. Easily separated from other Conicofrontia species with the short juxta plate-like, the dentate clavus with dents larger at both ends, the two strong dentate ventral cornuti of the vesica and the ventral plate of ostium bursae, sclerotized bilobate, deeply invaginated at middle, thus forming a circular-shaped ventral wall of antrum.Published as part of Ru, Bruno Le, Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire, Conlong, Desmond, Pallangyo, Beatrice, Berg, Johnnie Van Den, Ong'Amo, George & Kergoat, Gael J., 2015, A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data in Zootaxa 3925 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23717
Conicofrontia lilomwa Le Ru, sp. nov.
No full textConicofrontia lilomwa Le Ru, sp. nov. (Figs. 2 a– 2 d, 3 c, 3g, 3 k, 4 b) Type material. Holotype (male) of Conicofrontia lilomwa: Tanzania: Iringa region, Njombe, Lilomwi, 09° 36.203 ’S, 35 ° 10.875 ’E, 1555 m a.s.l., i. 2012, ex light trap [gen. prep. LERU Bruno/G 88] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]. Paratypes: Tanzania: 5 ♂, 5 ♀, Iringa region, Njombe, Iboya, 09° 25.541 ’S, 35 °03.690’E, 1664 m a.s.l., iv. 2014, ex light trap [1 ♂ gen. prep. LERU Bruno/G76, 2♀ gen. prep. LERU Bruno/G 682 -G 707] (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]; 1 ♀, Iringa region, Njombe, Lilomwi, 09° 36.203 ’S, 35 ° 10.875 ’E, 1555m a.s.l., iii. 2008, ex larvae in stem of Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]; 5 ♂, same data as holotype (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]; 1 ♂, Iringa region, Njombe, Igosi, 09° 18.443 ’S, 34 ° 29.132 ’E, 2119m a.s.l., i. 2012, ex light trap (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]; 1 ♂, Iringa region, Sao Hill, 08° 27.421 ’S, 35 ° 10.036 ’E, 1845m a.s.l., i. 2012, ex light trap (B. Le Ru, leg.) [MNHN]. Description. The male looks brighter the female, and the general shape of the female’s forewing is more elongated at the apex than that of the male (Figs. 2 a– 2 d). Antennae ochreous, filiform in female, serrate in male, cilia short, fasciculate, flagellum adorned dorsally with brown scales, palpus brown. Male: head and front of thorax ochreous, tegulae bright ochreous legs brown, abdomen grey ochreous. Forewing: a longitudinal brown fascia from the base along the lower margin of the cell partly within the cell, partly without, extending to just before the termen; the cell bistre, all other areas (costa, apex, termen and inner margin) ochreous suffused with fuscous and bistre scales; a small subterminal black spot on vein 5, a postmedial row of 3–4 black spots between the veins, all veins towards the apex adorned with bistre scales. Fringe bistre adorned with a narrow basal brown line. Hindwing; grey strongly suffused with brown scales; fringe bistre with a narrow basal brown line. Underside of the forewing uniformly brown chocolate, all veins adorned with ochreous scales. Underside of hindwing, grey uniformly suffused with brown scales but more densely on costa and apex; veins adorned with ochreous scales. Female: head and front of thorax brown chocolate, tegulae ochreous, legs brown, abdomen grey ochreous. Forewing: a longitudinal brown fascia from the base along the lower margin of the cell partly within the cell, partly without, extending to just before the termen; the cell dark ochreous, all other areas (costa, apex, termen and inner margin) dark ochreous suffused with brown scales; a small subterminal black spot on vein 5, a postmedial row of 3–4 black spots between the veins, all veins towards the apex adorned with ochreous scales. Fringe ochreous adorned with a narrow basal brown line. Hindwing; grey strongly suffused with brown scales; fringe grey ochreous with a narrow basal brown line. Underside of the forewing grey ochreous strongly suffused with brown scales, all veins adorned with ochreous scales. Underside of hindwing, grey uniformly suffused with brown scales but more densely on costa and apex; veins adorned with brown scales. Wingspan 24–26 mm (males) (n = 10); 25–29 mm (females) (n = 9). Male (24-26 - 25 - 24 - 24 - 24-26 - 26 - 26 - 25), Female (25 - 25-27 - 27-28 - 27-29 - 29 - 25) Male genitalia (Figs. 3 c, 3g). Uncus long and wide, tapering to a fine point and tufted with long hair on the upperside; tegumen with medium-size rounded peniculi, vinculum with medium-size triangular saccus; valves elongate and narrow, cucullus elongate, rounded at apex and tufted with medium size hairs; sacculus with a small sclerotized clavus without dent; the presence of a sclerotized and pear shaped plate across the upper edge, costal margin with a small sclerotized ridge-like expansion roundly pointed and slightly curved inwardly; the juxta short and pear-shaped. Aedeagus short, slightly curved, manica with a two-lobed sclerotization, less than one fifth length of the aedeagus, ending in a spinose tip; vesica with two dentate ventral cornuti, almost one fifth length of the aedeagus. Female genitalia (Fig. 3 k). Corpus bursae long and cylindrical with one signa; ductus seminalis from the basal part of the bursa; ductus bursae broad and strongly sclerotized on the ostium side; ventral plate of ostium bursae sclerotized bilobate with medium size lobes bean shaped; dorsal plate large, broad, weakly sclerotized. Ovipositor lobes short and wide (2 times longer than wide) with many stout bristles in addition to the small setae and an apical crest of short stout bristles. Larvae L 5 instar (Fig. 4 c): length, 30–35 mm, width, 3.5 mm; head smooth, black, prothoracic shield dark brown; body with ground colour buff, dorsally suffused with pink, pinacula and caudal plate black. Young larvae are very similar in appearance to mature ones. Etymology. Named after the village of Lilomwa in Tanzania. Bionomics. Conicofrontia lilomwa is a markedly hygrophilous species inhabiting grasses along banks of streams, rivers and marshes. Larvae were collected at the bottom of young stems of Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov. Typically, plants exhibiting signs of infestation by C. lilomwa larvae have a curled, brown, central leaf. We suspect that the larvae disperse when they reach the fourth instar. No pupae were found in stems, and therefore borers probably pupate in the soil. Distribution. Tanzania. The four recorded localities are from Afromontane (Mosaic no 19) vegetation mosaic (White 1983) (Fig. 6). Remarks. Easily separated from other Conicofrontia specie s with the short juxta pear shaped, the small clavus without dent, and the ventral plate of ostium bursae, sclerotized bilobate bean-shaped.Published as part of Ru, Bruno Le, Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire, Conlong, Desmond, Pallangyo, Beatrice, Berg, Johnnie Van Den, Ong'Amo, George & Kergoat, Gael J., 2015, A revision of the genus Conicofrontia Hampson (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Apameini, Sesamiina), with description of a new species: new insights from morphological, ecological and molecular data in Zootaxa 3925 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23717
- …
