1,721,002 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
School trajectory and orientation meaning of middle school students oriented to a work-based learning program (DIMA) : between school experience and relation to the future
No full textL’objectif de cette thèse est d’analyser l’influence du sens de l’expérience scolaire et du rapport à l’apprendre sur le sens que les collégiens qui entrent en DIMA accordent à leur orientation. Le sens de l’orientation est étudié à partir du modèle de la socialisation active de Malrieu (2003). La population est composée de 416 collégiens de la région Midi-Pyrénées dont 217 ont été orientés en DIMA et 199 sont scolarisés en classe de 3ème Préparatoire aux Formations Professionnelles (3ème PFP). Tous ont répondu à un questionnaire informatisé dans le cadre d’une passation collective en classe. Une première analyse descriptive, comparative entre les deux groupes d’élèves permet d’étudier les spécificités de la trajectoire et des caractéristiques psychosociales de la population des élèves de DIMA. Une seconde analyse multi variée réalisée uniquement sur les réponses au questionnaire des élèves de DIMA, révèle trois profils d’élèves développant des formes de rapport à l’orientation hétérogènes. Six collégiens représentatifs ont été sélectionnés pour une étude approfondie, par entretiens semi-directifs de recherche. Les résultats montrent que les élèves scolarisés en DIMA, majoritairement issus des milieux populaires, présentent une trajectoire scolaire spécifique marquée par des difficultés précoces dans les apprentissages. Ce sont des collégiens qui ont développé un rapport à l’école souvent à l’opposé des demandes et attentes institutionnelles. Les collégiens ont construit une représentation positive du DIMA et cette orientation suscite une forte adhésion. Si l’engagement vers le préapprentissage s’articule autour du souhait de rupture avec un passé scolaire aliénant, il s’inscrit également dans le désir d’apprendre autrement. Nos résultats montrent l’influence fondamentale de la socialisation familiale et scolaire dans les remaniements du rapport au savoir qui contribuent à donner du sens à cette orientation. Cette dernière apparaît comme une fonction subjective permettant à l’adolescent de palier les antagonismes et les différents conflits construits au cœur des espaces de socialisation. Le DIMA permet à une grande majorité de jeunes de renouer avec une image de soi ouvrant l’espace des possibles et contribuant au « projet de soi ». L’orientation vers le DIMA représente un point d’ancrage entre espace social et sujet étayant le processus de personnalisation de l’adolescent.The objective of this thesis is to analyse the influence of the meaning attributed to school experience and to the relation to learning on the meaning that the secondary school students who enter a work-based learning program (DIMA) place on their orientation. Orientation meaning is studied after the active socialization model of Philippe Malrieu (2003). The population consists of 416 middle school students from the Region Midi-Pyrénées which 217 were referred to DIMA and 199 were schooled in a Preparatory to Professional Training 9th Grade (G9 PFP). All answered a computerized questionnaire during a collective assessment within classroom. A first descriptive analysis, comparing both groups of students, allowed us to study the trajectory and psychosocial characterizations specificities of the DIMA students. A second multivariate analysis based on the DIMA students’ responses only, revealed three types of students with heterogeneous relations to orientation. Six representative students were selected for further study, based on semi-directive interviews. The results show that DIMA students, who mostly come from the working classes, have a specific academic trajectory marked by early difficulties in learning. They are middle-school students that have developed a relation to school in opposition with institutional demands and expectations. They have built a positive representation of DIMA and this orientation generates strong adhesion and a high satisfaction rate. If the commitment to pre-apprenticeship revolves around the wish to break with school alienating past, it is also in the desire to learn differently. Our results show the fundamental influence of family socialization and school acculturation processes in the modulations of relation to knowledge that help make sense of this orientation. This orientation appears as a subjective function allowing the adolescent to overcome the antagonisms and the various conflicts built at the heart of social spaces. DIMA enables a large majority of teenagers to reconnect with a coherent self-image, broadening the space of possibilities and contributing to a “self-project”. The orientation to DIMA represents an anchor between social space and the subject, supporting the personalization process of the adolescent
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Psycho-developmental approach of tutorial practice diversity in micro-businesses : influence of apprenticeship masters’ relation to learning on their activity
No full textL’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer l’influence du rapport au savoir sur la diversité des pratiques tutorales mises en œuvre par les artisans maîtres d’apprentissage (MA) accueillant des apprentis de niveau V. Les pratiques tutorales sont étudiées à partir du modèle de l'activité formalisé par Leontiev (1975) et définie à partir du rapport dynamique existant entre les mobiles, les actions et les opérations qui structurent l'activité tutorale. Notre population est composée de 153 artisans-maître d'apprentissage de la région Midi-Pyrénées qui ont répondu au questionnaire « Etre maître d’apprentissage aujourd’hui » construit à l'occasion de cette recherche. A partir d’une analyse multivariée des réponses à ce questionnaire, 15 sujets représentatifs de la diversité des modes d'exercice de la fonction de maître d'apprentissage ont été sélectionnés pour une étude approfondie des liens entre rapport au savoir et pratiques tutorales, par entretiens semi-directifs de recherche A travers la mise en œuvre d’une triangulation des données, nos résultats révèlent une diversité des modes d'exercice de la fonction tutorale et des formes de rapport au savoir au sein de la population des artisans-maîtres d'apprentissage. Ils montrent que le rapport au savoir influence les modes d’exercice de la fonction tutorale par sa contribution à la construction du sens que les sujets assignent à leur activité de tuteur. Parmi l'ensemble des dimensions du rapport au savoir, le sens de l’expérience scolaire joue un rôle majeur en participant à la constitution des mobiles qui ont incité les tuteurs à s’investir dans leur fonction de maître d'apprentissage. Ainsi, cette recherche contribue à la formalisation de propositions à visées applicatives relatives à la formation et la professionnalisation des maîtres d’apprentissage et permet de repérer l’importance de l’histoire socio-familiale et du sens et de la valeur que le sujet accorde à son parcours scolaire et professionnel personnel pour expliquer l'organisation de la formation des apprentis au sein des micro-entreprises.The objective of this thesis is to evaluate how the relations to learning of the artisans serving as Apprenticeship Masters (MA) influence the diversity of tutorial practices they implement towards level V apprentices. Tutorial practices are studied according to the activity model formalized by Leontiev (1975) and defined on the basis of the dynamic relation existing between motives, actions and operations structuring tutorial activity. The population studied consists of the 153 apprenticeship master craftsmen from the Midi-Pyrénées Region who answered the questionnaire specifically elaborated for this research, entitled “Being an Apprenticeship Master today”. Following a multi-varied analysis, 15 of them, representatives of the various modes Apprenticeship Masters have of fulfilling their function, were selected through semi-directive research interviews for an in-depth analysis of the links between relations to learning and tutorial practices. The data triangulation led to the conclusion that, among the population of Apprenticeship Master Craftsmen, there exists a great variety of both tutorial function fulfilling modes and types of relations to learning. The results also indicate that these relations influence the Masters’ tutorial function fulfilling mode as they contribute to the elaboration of the significance the Masters impart to their tutoring activity. All dimensions of their relation to learning considered, it appears that the meaning taken by the Masters’ own schooling experience plays a critical part in so far as it participates in the formation of the motives that induced them to dedicate themselves to their apprenticeship master function.This research enables to pinpoint the importance, in order to explain the diversity of tutorial practices and apprentice training organizing modes encountered in micro-businesses, of both Apprenticeship Masters’ personal socio-familial histories and the significance and value they impart to their personal school and professional itineraries; it also contributes to the formalization of proposals that aim at providing explanations, regarding the training and professionalization of Apprenticeship Masters
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