1,721,118 research outputs found
Entraînement, fatigue et anxiété lors de la préparation terminale des championnats d'Europe de triathlon longue distance
No full textMillet Grégoire, Candau Robin, Rouchon Anne-Marie. Entraînement, fatigue et anxiété lors de la préparation terminale des championnats d'Europe de triathlon longue distance. In: Les Cahiers de l'INSEP, n°20, 1997. Un sport, deux enchaînements, trois disciplines : le triathlon. Actes du 1er symposium international de l'entraînement en triathlon. pp. 133-137
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Implication of AMP-activated protein kinase in the control of skeletal muscle mass : regulation of autophagy.
No full textLe contrôle de la masse musculaire est sous la dépendance d'un équilibre entre les processus de synthèse et de dégradation. Sur le plan cellulaire, deux voies signalétiques majeures sont impliquées : la voie des facteurs de transcription de la famille FoxO qui contrôle l'expression des gènes impliqués dans les systèmes de dégradation (système ubiquitine-protéasome et autophagie), et la voie IGF-1/Akt/mTORC1 qui représente la voie majeure de la synthèse protéique. Nos travaux mettent en évidence, sur des cellules musculaires le rôle de la protéine kinase AMP-dépendante (AMPK) qui inhibe l'activité de la voie mTOR et régule les systèmes ubiquitine-protéasome et autophagiques de manière FoxO3 dépendante. Une nouvelle cible de l'AMPK a également été identifiée : la protéine Ulk1 qui possède une fonction clé dans l'activation de l'autophagie. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré le rôle centraldu facteur d'initiation à la traduction eIF3f dans l'induction de l'hypertrophie, et dans l'augmentation de l'activité de la voie mTORC1 associée. De plus, nous montrons que la surexpression d'un mutant d'eIF3f résistant à la dégradation est associée à une protection effective contre l'atrophie.Skeletal muscle mass is depending upon a dynamic balance between anabolic and catabolic processes. At a cellular level, two major signaling pathways are involved: the transcription factors FoxO related pathway, implicated in the control of protein breakdown systems(ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy), and the IGF-1/Akt/mTORC1 pathway associated with the canonic pathway of protein synthesis. We show in muscle cells that theAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) decreases the mTORC1 pathway activity and simulate subiquitin-proteasome and autophagy systems in a FoxO3-dependant manner. Furthermore,we identify Ulk1 as a new interacting partner of AMPK, which plays a major role in the autophagy induction. Moreover, we demonstrate the key role of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3f in hypertrophy induction and in the associated increase of the mTORC1activity. In addition, we show that the overexpression of an eIF3f mutant resistant to the degradation is associated with a protection against muscle atrophy
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effets of resistance training, from performance to contractile unit
No full textCe travail de thèse vise à améliorer notre compréhension des effets l'entraînement en résistance sur la performance et le muscle strié squelettique. La dynamique de ces effets de l'entraînement a été appréhendée de façon systématique grâce à des outils issus de la théorie des systèmes, auprès de 26 rongeurs entraînés en résistance dans un protocole d'escalade avec charges additionnelles. Le modèle classique (Banister et coll, 1975) a permis de décrire les variations de performance de manière significative (R2 = 0,53, P<0,001). L'origine des gains de performance très marqués (+136% par rapport au groupe contrôle) a été recherchée parmi les mécanismes adaptatifs musculaires potentiels. A l'issue de l'entraînement, une augmentation de l'activité de la myosine ATPase de 123 ± 61% indépendante du phénotype a été observée par rapport aux animaux contrôles. Cette augmentation de la puissance chimique consommée semble liée à une augmentation de la vitesse des étapes d'hydrolyse de l'ATP et surtout de celle de la libération des produits de cette hydrolyse (i.e. ADP et Pi) accompagnant la bascule de la tête de myosine. Une nouvelle forme de plasticité musculaire semble avoir été identifiée. Sur la base des mécanismes adaptatifs musculaires, une nouvelle formulation mathématique plus physiologique du modèle des effets de l'entraînement a été proposée et a aboutit à une meilleure qualité d'ajustement (R2 = 0,71, P<0,001). La fonction impulsionnelle du modèle classique a été remplacée par une fonction exponentielle de croissance qui semble plus appropriée pour rendre compte à la fois des variations de performance mais aussi des adaptations qui surviennent au sein du tissu musculaire comme au sein des unités contractiles elles-mêmes.This thesis work aims to improve our understanding of the effects of resistance training on performance and skeletal muscle. The dynamic of these effects of training has been apprehended systematically trough tools from systems theory, with 26 rodents resistance trained on a climbing protocol with additional weights. The classical model (Banister et al, 1975) was suitable to analyze the training response (R2 = 0.53, P <0.001). The origin of the very marked performance gains (+ 136% compared to the control group) was investigated among the potential muscle adaptive mechanisms. At the end of the training program, an increase of 123 ± 61% in myosin ATPase activity independent of the phenotype was observed compared to control animals. This increase in myosin ATPase activity seems to occur precisely during the main myosin head isomerization step (i.e. powerstroke) that includes the liberation of the hydrolysis products, and to a lesser extent, during ATP hydrolysis step. A new form of muscular plasticity seems identified. Based on muscle adaptive mechanisms, a new mathematical formulation, more physiological, of the model of the training effects has been proposed and resulted in a better fit (R2 = 0.71, P <0.001). The impulse function of the traditional model has been replaced by an exponential growth function that seems more suitable to analyze both the training response and the adaptations that occur within the muscle tissue as in the contractile units themselves
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