1,721,162 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
National Bowel Cancer Screening Program: monitoring report 2012-2013
Get PDFOne out of every 17 bowel cancer assessments in Australia from July 2012 to June 2013 detected an advanced adenoma (precancerous lesion), and a bowel cancer was detected in one out of every 32 assessments.
Overview
The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) aims to reduce the morbidity and mortality from bowel cancer by actively recruiting and screening the target population for early detection or prevention of the disease.
The NBCSP has been running since August 2006, and this report focuses on measures of program performance for people invited to screen from July 2012 to June 2013 (those turning 50, 55 or 65).
How many 2012-13 invitees participated in the NBCSP?
About 33.5% of the 964,000 people invited from July 2012 to June 2013 returned a completed bowel cancer screening kit for analysis. This overall participation rate was slightly lower than that of the previous monitoring report (Table 1), and small decreases were evident in all 3 target age groups.
How many positive screening results were there?
About 23,500 participants (7.5%) who returned a valid screening test had a positive screening result. These people were encouraged to follow up this result by visiting their primary health-care practitioner (PHCP) for referral to further investigative testing (colonoscopy).
Seventy per cent of those with a positive screening result were recorded as having a colonoscopy at the time of this report.
How many bowel cancers and adenomas were detected?
One participant in every 32 who underwent a colonoscopy to follow up a positive screening result was diagnosed with a confirmed (52 participants) or suspected (352 participants) cancer, while advanced adenomas were found in a further 728 participants (1 in 17 colonoscopies) assessed. Adenomas are benign growths that have the potential to become cancerous, and their removal is likely to lower the risk of future bowel cancers in these patients.
Were there differences between subgroups participating in the NBCSP?
As in previous years, women were more likely to screen than men; conversely, men had higher rates of screen-detected bowel cancers, and overall bowel cancer incidence and mortality.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants, participants who lived in Regional and Remote regions, and participants who lived in areas of lower socioeconomic status, had higher rates of positive screening results, yet lower rates of follow-up colonoscopies than other participants
Influence of nutrition on the decline of ovarian reserve and subsequent onset of natural menopause
No full textThe early loss of ovarian reserve and subsequent menopause has a major impact on fertility potential and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive decline and mortality later in life. While many studies have reported that lifestyle factors such as diet can influence the age of onset of natural menopause, their results are often contradictory. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the influence of diet on the onset of natural menopause using a self-reported food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 1146 pre-menopausal women followed up for an average of 12.5 years. The primary finding was that the age of natural menopause was positively correlated with dietary intake of the micronutrient -cryptoxanthin (r(2)=0.105, p<0.001) and fruit (r(2)=0.07, p=0.01), with these relationships remaining significant even after adjustment for other known co-variants for onset of menopause (parity, BMI, physical activity level, education, smoking, energy and alcohol intake). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis confirmed that both -cryptoxanthin and fruit intake was associated with a significant delay in the onset of natural menopause. While still acknowledging that further research is required, in the interim we would advocate that a diet containing approximate to 400mcg of -cryptoxanthin per day from fruits (mandarins, oranges and peaches) has significant potential to delay ovarian senescence by 1.3 years
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Health system expenditure on cancer and other neoplasms in Australia 2008-09
Get PDFThis report provides estimates of Australia\u27s health system expenditure on care for those with cancer and on the prevention and treatment of cancer. The report presents cancer expenditure by age group, sex and type of cancer, and it compares health system expenditure on cancer in 2008-09 to 2004-05 and 2000-01 in constant prices (see Glossary). Expenditure estimates included in this report are based on health system expenditure that can be directly attributed to cancer. Not included in this analysis are expenditure on items such as capital goods, including equipment used exclusively for the treatment of individual chronic diseases (such as, linear accelerators for cancer) and expenditure on health administration other than for cancer screening programs (see Chapter 3 for more detail). All references to "total health system expenditure" within this report relate to "total health system expenditure on chronic disease" unless otherwise stated. Not all health system expenditure can be allocated to specific diseases. There are other limitations to the data, and these are explained in Chapter 2.Main findings In 2008-09: Total health system expenditure in Australia on cancer and other neoplasms (excluding national population screening programs) was 65,129 million). Total expenditure (in 2008-09 prices) on cancer has increased from 3,640 million in 2004-05.Cancer ranked sixth in terms of Australia\u27s estimated total health system expenditure on chronic diseases.Cancer expenditure for hospital admitted patient services totalled 420 million (9%), and prescription pharmaceuticals totaled 83 million for people aged 15-24 to a maximum of 332.2 million, comprising 125.2 million for cervical screening, and 184.1 million (BreastScreen Australia and the National Cervical Screening Program). In 2008-09, this increased to $332.2 million (current prices) partly due to the introduction of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program in 2006
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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