1,720,979 research outputs found
Contrasting alluvial architecture of Late Pleistocene and Holocene deposits along a 120-km transect from the central Po Plain (northern Italy)
No full textHigh-resolution investigation of a ~Â 120-km-long transect along the course of the modern Po River, northern Italy, revealed marked changes in alluvial architecture across the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary. Along the whole transect, a 20- to 30-m thick sheet-like succession of Late Pleistocene fluvial sands is invariably overlain by silt and clay deposits, with isolated fluvial bodies of Holocene age (<Â 9.4Â cal ka BP). The Holocene succession displays consistent downstream changes in facies architecture: well-drained floodplain deposits are transitional at distal locations to increasingly organic, poorly drained floodplain to swamp facies associations. Thick paludal facies extend continuously up to 60Â km landward of the Holocene maximum marine ingression, about 90Â km from the modern shoreline. Based on 28 radiocarbon dates, the abrupt change in lithofacies and channel stacking pattern occurred at the transition from the last glacial period to the present interglacial, under conditions of rapid sea-level rise. The architectural change from amalgamated, Late Pleistocene sand bodies to overlying, mud-dominated Holocene units represent an example of chronologically well-constrained fluvial response to combined climate and relative sea-level change. The overall aggradational stacking pattern of individual channel-belt sand bodies indicates that high subsidence rates continuously created accommodation in the Po Basin, even during phases of falling sea level and lowstand
Sequence stratigraphy and late Quaternary paleoenvironmental evolution of the Northern Adriatic coastal plain (Italy)
No full textIntegrated sedimentological and micropaleontological data were used for the construction of a 93 km-long stratigraphic cross-section parallel to the modern Adriatic shoreline (northern Italy). The stratigraphic panel shows, for the first time, along-strike changes in facies architecture. The Late Pleistocene succession consists of well drained floodplain deposits. Multi-storey fluvial-channel bodies, ~20 m thick, are correlative with a paleosol that formed in response to sea-level fall and river incision at the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum (MIS 3/2). Another paleosol (12.5–10 kyr cal BP), associated with the Younger Dryas cold event, marks the transition to overlying Holocene coastal facies. In terms of sequence stratigraphy, the lower paleosol represents the sequence boundary and the correlative, amalgamated channel-belt deposits form the lowstand systems tract. The transgressive surface coincides with a weakly-developed paleosol (18.5–16 kyr cal BP) that marks a major phase of channel abandonment induced by early sea-level rise. The Younger Dryas paleosol allows subdivision of the transgressive systems tract (TST) into lower and upper TST. The lower TST, well developed in the south, is characterized by thin poorly-drained floodplain deposits; the upper TST, showing vertical transition to coastal and shallow-marine clays, has diagnostic ‘marine’ signature, and is laterally continuous, with no significant thickness changes. The maximum flooding surface marks the turnaround from a deepening-upward to shallowing-upward trend. The highstand systems tract includes a prograding succession of prodelta clays and overlying delta-front/beach-ridge sands, which form a laterally continuous sedimentary body. Nearshore sands accumulated in prograding delta systems characterized by wave-dominated, arcuate geometries, with transition to laterally continuous strandplains
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The value of pocket penetration tests for the high-resolution palaeosol stratigraphy of late Quaternary deposits
No full textPocket penetrometer measurements, though commonly listed as accessory components of core descriptions, are almost totally ignored in shallow subsurface stratigraphic analysis. In this study, we prove that, if properly calibrated with core data, pocket penetration tests may serve as a quick and inexpensive tool to enhance high-resolution (palaeosol-based) stratigraphy of unconsolidated, late Quaternary non-marine deposits. A palaeosol sequence, made up of 12 vertically stacked, weakly developed palaeosols (Inceptisols) dated to the last 40ky cal BP, is reconstructed from the subsurface of the southern Po Plain. The individual palaeosols exhibit flat to slightly undulating geometries and several of them can be tracked over distances of tens of km. They show substantially higher compressive strength coefficients than all other fine-grained, alluvial (floodplain) facies, being typified by distinctive penetration resistance, in the range of 3.5-5kg/cm2. Along the palaeosol profiles, A and Bk horizons demonstrate consistent difference in relative compressive strengths, the highest values being almost invariably observed at the A/Bk boundary. Palaeosols are rarely described in conventional stratigraphic logs, and just a small proportion of them is likely to be identified by geologists with no specific sedimentological training. Through core-log calibration techniques, we document that vertical profiles of penetration resistance measured in the field can be used as an efficient method for palaeosol identification, and thus may represent a strategy for predicting stratigraphic architecture from limited core descriptions or poor-quality field logs. This technique allows to optimize the contribution of all available stratigraphic information, expanding significantly the coverage of well-described, one-dimensional core data
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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