1,720,955 research outputs found
"Replication Data for Cultivating Effective Brokers: A Party Leader's Dilemma"
No full textThis is the replication data for "Cultivating Effective Brokers: A Party Leader's Dilemma." The data consist of survey results from a survey of Argentine brokers who are city council members and the local level activists who work for them. The survey was conducted in the provinces of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Misiones, and San Luis. Another dataset consists of a survey of Argentine voters
"Replication Data for Cultivating Effective Brokers: A Party Leader's Dilemma"
No full textThis is the replication data for "Cultivating Effective Brokers: A Party Leader's Dilemma." The data consist of survey results from a survey of Argentine brokers who are city council members and the local level activists who work for them. The survey was conducted in the provinces of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Misiones, and San Luis. Another dataset consists of a survey of Argentine voters
Brokers, voters, and clientelism: The puzzle of distributive politics
No full textProject Summary
This project addresses the relationship between electoral strategies and distributive politics, in particular, between electoral strategies and clientelism. The authors distinguish clientelism from other forms of distributive politics in two ways. First, clientelist resources are targeted towards particular groups of voters, and are not distributed indiscriminately. Second, receiving clientelist resources is contingent upon supporting the party that is distributing the resources. Thus, electoral support from voters who receive clientelist goods is coerced. Beginning with these two properties, which are located within a broader taxonomy of distributive politics, the authors address following questions: How does non-programmatic politics, and especially clientelism, work? What causes shifts away from clientelism and toward other, non-broker-mediated distributive strategies? Which kinds of distributive politics are consistent with the norms of democracy, which are inconsistent, and why? The research design utilizes a multi-layer mix of strategies and relies on a variety of data sources. The authors conduct sample surveys of voters in Argentina, Venezuela, and India, and use publicly available individual data from Mexico to make inferences about the kinds of voters whom political machines target. The authors draw upon a vast and rigorous secondary literature and offer what they believe to be the broadest empirical review of ecological studies of distributive politics yet produced. They use secondary historical materials to make arguments about the demise of at least some forms of clientelist politics in several of today’s advanced democracies. Generally then, the authors test different aspects of the theories developed in the book using different research designs, unique datasets on voters, brokers, and leaders, and qualitative fieldwork. They seek to overcome the limitations associated with each individual strategy by triangulating evidence from a variety of sources.
Data Abstract
The full project data consist of recorded surveys of city council members and brokers who work for the city council members. The surveys contain both open- and closed-ended questions and were collected in person, with the help of research assistants between 2008 and 2013. The respondents were selected using a clustered random sampling design. Four Argentinian provinces – Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Misiones, and San Luis – were selected non-randomly. Within each province municipalities were randomly selected; within each selected municipality, city council members were randomly selected and surveyed. At the end of each of these surveys, the city council members were asked to provide a list of brokers whom they employ and whom they know by name, and then asked if a proportion of the brokers could be surveyed. One-third or one-fifth of these brokers were randomly selected from these lists. Interviews took place in city council offices and in any location that was convenient for the respondent. These data were consulted because the project hinges upon organizational challenges for political machines. In particular, the theory derives analytic leverage by focusing upon a principal-agent problem that arises between party leaders and brokers: brokers target more core voters than is ideal from the party leaders’ perspective, and brokers privately consume resources that could earn votes for the party. Testing this theory requires data that measure the behavior and decisions of brokers, which is what the survey provides.
Files Description
The original organization of the data reflected the sampling strategy used to select the survey respondents into the sample. It was organized first in municipal clusters and then in clusters around a city council member. The latter clusters consist of a city council member and her brokers.
Due to the large number of interviews only a random sample of these interviews could be transcribed and shared. These data are shared because they provide the bulk of the qualitative data for the project, and because they provide a rare collection of surveys from a probability sample of brokers. These data contain anonymized transcriptions of survey interviews that were conducted with political brokers from 6 municipalities in the broader metropolitan region of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The respondents consist of city council members and brokers who work for them. The survey interviews consist of closed and open-ended questions, which ask the respondents about their political careers, the politics of their localities, and their political parties. The survey also asks the brokers to respond to hypothetical situations regarding resource distribution and their abilities to draw inferences about voters. In total the respondents were asked to respond to 43 questions. Although many questions were closed-ended, the transcriptions contain many details that were not captured with the quantitative data generated from the survey. These transcriptions come from the larger project, in which 800 political brokers were drawn as a probability sample and surveyed from four Argentine provinces: Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Misiones, and San Luis. In Buenos Aires, 255 respondents were surveyed from 10 municipalities. These transcriptions consist of interviews with 110 of the 255 respondents and come from 6 municipalities that were randomly selected from the original 10 in the sample.
To share these data we randomly selected recorded survey interviews to be transcribed, and we anonymized the transcriptions. The original survey was conducted in 10 municipalities that were randomly selected from the 24 municipalities that form the broader metropolitan region of Bueno Aires. The municipalities that were selected for this project consist of 6 municipalities that were randomly selected from the 10 municipalities in the survey sample. We transcribed all of the recorded interviews in 5 of the municipalities. In the 6th municipality, 17 randomly selected interviews were transcribed. We did not transcribe all of the interviews in the 6th municipality due to budgetary limitations. In total, this deposit contains 110 interviews of the 255 respondents who were surveyed. After we completed the transcriptions we anonymized the surveys. The decisions that guided the anonymization process are recorded in a protocol that is included in the deposit.
Originally, we were going to cluster the transcriptions by municipality. But, while anonymizing the surveys, we determined that this would create too much risk of revealing the identities of the respondents. So now the files just have a randomly assigned number and they are not organized by municipality. The B or C after the number in each file name designates whether the respondent was a Broker or Council member, respectively.
The other data from the project consist of open-ended interviews, quantitative data sets, and historical analysis. Many of these data were used to test the theories of the project with different populations that consist of voters in Argentina and populations in other countries and time periods. The open-ended interviews provided context for the analysis. All of the quantitative data are already publicly available and the historical data are available through secondary sources. The open-ended interviews could potentially be shared, but they consist of a convenience sample, are fewer in number, and are not comparable across interviews, which may limit their analytic value for other researchers.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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