1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Eczema, sleep and daytime functioning in children.
Full text linkEczema affects up to 20% of children in western industrialised countries. Chronic childhood eczema has significant morbidity characterised by physical discomfort, emotional distress, reduced child and family quality-of-life and, of particular note, disturbed sleep. Sleep disturbance, characterised by frequent and prolonged arousals, affects up to 60% of children with eczema, increasing to 83% during exacerbation. Even in clinical remission, children with eczema demonstrate more sleep disturbance than healthy children. Disturbed sleep in otherwise healthy children is associated with behavioural and neurocognitive deficits. Preliminary evidence suggests that disturbed sleep in children with eczema is also associated with behavioural deficits while the impact on neuropsychological functioning remains unexplored. Two major studies were undertaken to examine the sleep of children with eczema and possible secondary deficits due to poor sleep. Parents of children (6-16y) with eczema (n = 77) and healthy controls (n = 30) completed a validated omnibus questionnaire which included items which assessed sleep, behaviour, general health, quality-of-life and additional items assessing eczema, asthma, rhinitis and demographics. Structural Equation Analyses revealed that the effect of eczema on the behavioural variables of Hyperactivity, ADHD Index and Oppositional behaviours were mediated through sleep with no direct effect of eczema on behaviour. A similar relationship between sleep and behaviour was observed for the co morbid atopic disorders of rhinitis and asthma. In the second study, children (aged 6-16y) with eczema (n = 24) and controls (n = 19) were assessed through polysomnography to provide data on their sleep quality. Eczema severity was evaluated using SCORAD ratings scales and eczematous children provided a urine sample for analysis for Leukotriene E4, a biological marker of atopic inflammation. Scratching was assessed using infra-red camera. Distal and Proximal body temperature was measured to ascertain potential deficits in homeostatic processes and actigraphy was employed to record nocturnal activity. To evaluate neurocognitive ability all children underwent IQ testing with eczematous children undergoing additional children attention and reading age measurements. Polysomnographic data on children with eczema showed that they had a longer REM onset latency, higher percentage stage 3 & 4 sleep, longer Wake After Sleep Onset and a lower Sub Cortical Arousal Index than controls. Higher Leukotriene E4 levels was strongly associated with longer Wake after Sleep Onset. In addition, Wake after Sleep Onset also exhibited a trend toward higher itch and sleep loss ratings of the SCORAD. Increased Leukotriene E₄ levels also demonstrated associated trends in lower Sleep Efficiency, longer REM Onset Latency, a lower percentage of REM and fewer Stage Shifts. Using infra-red video contiguous with polysomnography, scratching was found to occur during sleep in all sleep stages. The SCORAD variable of Erythema, which is the redness or inflammation of the skin that is the result of dilation of superficial capillaries was found to be strongly associated with nocturnal scratching. Actigraphic data demonstrated that children with severe eczema had more nocturnal activity and for longer periods of time than either mild to moderate eczema patients or controls. Actigraphy variables were also associated with the frequency that asthma and rhinitis disturbed sleep as well as eczema severity and Leukotriene E4 levels in children with eczema. The actigraphic variables of Sleep Efficiency and Awakenings were moderately associated with the polysomnographic variables of Total Sleep Time, Sleep Efficiency and Sleep Onset Latency. Sleep Onset temperatures were similar between eczema and control groups, however the skin temperature profile of children with eczema differed markedly from control subjects thereafter. Distal skin temperature in eczematous children was found to be significantly lower than controls for approximately a third of the night. Overnight trends in eczema subject's Distal temperature indicated that the heat loss usually associated with nocturnal sleep was markedly greater than controls. Eczema children scored significantly lower on Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Reasoning scores than controls. On the WISC-IV subtests, scores of similarities, comprehension, picture concepts and letter-number sequencing were also significantly lower in children with eczema than controls. After controlling for the impact of snoring, asthma and rhinitis disturbing sleep, our findings suggest that lower neurocognitive performance in children with eczema is related to their sleep quality. In conclusion, eczema was found to affect the sleep of children with longer periods of awake during the night and with more nocturnal movement than controls. The sleep architecture of children with eczema was also found to be associated with behavioural and neurocognitive deficits. Nocturnal scratching was found to occur during sleep and further, produce arousal from sleep, however the lack of associations between itch and sleep variables indicate that itch is also not a primary cause of sleep disturbance in children with eczema. The role of skin temperature in nocturnal thermoregulation appears to be disturbed in this patient group with eczema children showing evidence of a greater and more rapid heat loss than controls. It is also suggested that these rapid changes in temperature are associated with sleep disturbance. While the findings of a case study indicating that treatment improving sleep quality is also associated with neurocognitive and behavioural improvements, further study is required to determine the mechanism associating sleep fragmentation with daytime functioning.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, 201
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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