1,721,054 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Methods for comparative analysis of prokaryotic pangenomes : exploring interspecies genomic diversity for a better understanding of metabolism
No full textL'essor des projets de séquençage a généré plus d'un million de génomes procaryotes dans les bases publiques, nécessitant de nouvelles approches pour analyser cette masse de données. La suite logicielle PPanGGOLiN a été développée pour structurer ces informations sous forme de graphes de pangénome, permettant de compresser les données tout en conservant l'information de colocalisation des gènes. Elle intègre également des méthodes d'analyse de pangénome, panRGP, qui identifie les régions de plasticité génomique, et panModule, qui caractérise ces régions variables en sous-modules fonctionnels. Malgré ces avancées, aucune méthode ne permettait de comparer des pangénomes. Les travaux de cette thèse ont consisté à développer de nouvelles approches pour combler cette lacune. Tout d'abord, PPanGGOLiN a été enrichie par l'intégration de nouvelles méthodes, comme la recherche de contextes génomiques, et par une amélioration de son environnement logiciel. Ensuite, la méthode PANORAMA, qui se base sur les graphes de PPanGGOLiN, a été conçue pour annoter des systèmes macromoléculaires, en combinant des critères de présence/absence de fonctions et de colocalisation génomique, et pour comparer des pangénomes. Appliqué aux systèmes de défense bactériens contre les phages, PANORAMA a permis d'identifier des systèmes et des sites d'insertions conservés entre différentes espèces. Finalement, un premier prototype de base de données orientée graphe a été développé pour intégrer les données de plusieurs pangénomes afin d'exploiter au mieux leur information. Cette approche a permis d'analyser et de comparer des milliers de génomes bactériens et d'identifier des modules d'antibiorésistance communs à plusieurs espèces, mettant en lumière des mécanismes évolutifs partagés. Ces travaux ouvrent la voie à la pangénomique comparée, offrant un cadre inédit pour explorer le potentiel adaptatif des procaryotes et mieux comprendre leur dynamique évolutive. En facilitant la comparaison des pangénomes et l'identification de contextes génomiques conservés, ces développements contribuent à l'étude des interactions entre bactéries et à la caractérisation de systèmes biologiques d'intérêt.The boom in sequencing projects has generated over a million prokaryotic genomes in public databases, requiring new approaches to analyze this mass of data. The PPanGGOLiN software suite has been developed to structure this information in the form of pangenome graphs, enabling data compression while preserving gene colocalization information. It also integrates pangenome analysis methods : panRGP, which identifies regions of genomic plasticity, and panModule, which characterizes these variable regions into functional submodules. Despite these advances, there was no method for comparing pangenomes. The aim of this thesis was to develop new approaches to fill this gap. Firstly, PPanGGOLiN was enriched by integrating new methods, such as genomic context search, and by improving its software environment. Secondly, the PANORAMA method, based on PPanGGOLiN graphs, has been designed to annotate macromolecular systems, combining criteria of presence/absence of functions and genomic colocalization, and to compare pangenomes. Applied to bacterial phage defense systems, PANORAMA identified systems and insertion sites conserved between different species. Finally, a first prototype of a graph-oriented database was developed to integrate data from several pangenomes in order to make the most of their information. This approach has made it possible to analyze and compare thousands of bacterial genomes, and to dentify antibiotic resistance modules common to several species, highlighting shared evolutionary mechanisms. This work paves the way for comparative pangenomics, offering a novel framework for exploring the adaptive potential of prokaryotes and better understanding their evolutionary dynamics. By facilitating the comparison of pangenomes and the identification of conserved genomic contexts, these developments contribute to the study of interactions between bacteria and the characterization of biological systems of interest
Exploration and curation of microbial genomes using the MicroScope platform
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La génomique comparée à l’ère de la pangénomique : méthodes, analyses et services en génomique microbienne
No full textLes procaryotes, regroupant les bactéries et les archées, constituent un domaine fascinant du vivant, représentant une diversité et une ubiquité remarquables. Leur impact sur la biosphère est immense, influençant la santé humaine et animale, les biogéochimies des sols et des océans, et bien plus encore. L’exploration à grande échelle des génomes microbiens a permis de décrypter les mécanismes moléculaires qui sous-tendent la vie et la diversité de ces organismes.Aujourd’hui, plus de deux millions de génomes procaryotes sont disponibles dans la base de données publique GenBank. Cette manne de données offre des perspectives inédites pour la recherche, permettant d'explorer la diversité, l'évolution, la physiologie et les interactions des procaryotes. Cette volumétrie vertigineuse est devenue très complexe à stocker, à traiter et à analyser pour les bioinformaticiens. Pour répondre à ce challenge de nouvelles méthodes exploitant leconcept de pangénome ont émergé. Dans ce contexte, ce mémoire retrace mes travaux de recherche académiques en génomique microbienne. Mes recherches sont axées sur l’étude de la dynamique des génomes bactériens et plus particulièrement sur l’analyse des régions de plasticité génomique. Je présente les recherches méthodologiques en pangénomique réalisées au sein de l’équipe LABGeM qui ont conduit au développement des suites logicielles PPanGGOLiN, PANORAMA et de la ressource de pangénomes PanGBank. Je présente également les activités de management, de service et de formation que j’exerce au sein de la plateforme MicroScope. Pour conclure, j'expose les orientations de recherche qui guideront mes travaux dans les années à venir. Celles-ci se concentreront sur le développement d'outils et de bases de données pour la pangénomique comparée
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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