1,721,026 research outputs found
Exploring Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Growth Through Intermediaries-Anchor Organisation Interactions
No full textAgri-food technology can provide innovative solutions to the traditional agri-food sector in the face of increased demands from the environment, consumers, and policymakers. New Zealand is a global leader in agri-food commodity production and exports, however, several challenges exist in the nascent agri-food technology
ecosystem such as the absence of key ecosystem actors, resource dependency and
leakage. Anchor organisations are recognised as essential actors for fostering
entrepreneurial ecosystem growth through knowledge sharing and spillovers and
attracting and deploying resources. This research aims to understand anchor
organisation’s role and interactions within New Zealand’s agri-food tech
entrepreneurial ecosystem, and how intermediation can enhance the value they
create for the ecosystem in which they are embedded. Specifically, how intermediary
organisations can facilitate and broker greater interactions between anchor
organisations and other ecosystem actors.
This qualitative study adopts an objective ontological view in a pragmatic paradigm.
Abductive reasoning directed data collection and analysis as semi-structured
interviews and visual methodology was collected as primary data. Ten anchor
organisations from New Zealand’s agri-food ecosystem were interviewed including
universities, crown research institutes, co-operatives and private/investor-owned
corporations.
Lower dependency on anchor organisations requires ecosystem actors to
collaboratively address the gaps and opportunities in New Zealand’s agri-food tech entrepreneurial ecosystem. This includes greater independent generation and
recycling of resources between actors. Furthermore, we would expect greater collaborations could increase entrepreneurial opportunities and promote the growth of the ecosystem
Knowledge Sharing Behaviour in Collaborative Innovation: A Multi-Study Investigation
No full textThe paradox of knowledge sharing and protecting in Collaborative Innovation (CI)
has stimulated growing interest from management researchers to pursue best
practices. Firms engage in CI to access knowledge from partners, though one of the
inherent challenges is the loss of knowledge from the employing firm to its partners.
Research in the CI literature has predominantly been done on the firm level,
especially investigating knowledge sharing and protection.
In this thesis, the individual was chosen as the unit of analysis as the employee
is the ultimate decision-maker about what knowledge to share with the collaborative
partner. Recognising that managing individual employees’ knowledge-sharing
behaviour (KSB) could help firms better protect their knowledge, the specific research
objective was to answer the question: 'how is an individuals' KSB best managed in
CI?’
The literature discussing KSB and CI was examined and an overarching model
was developed, hypothesising that perceived top management support (TMS) and
knowledge protection mechanisms (KPMs) moderate the relationship between
affective commitment and KSB to both the employing and the project organisations.
Three quantitative studies were designed to test the model: Study 1, a
multilevel study where data were collected from 42 NZ firms; Study 2, a crosssectional
study with 273 scientists and engineers sourced from the Turk-Prime
database; and Study 3, a scenario-based experiment where 425 participants were
sourced from the M-Turk database.
Though the results were mixed, it was apparent that perceived TMS plays a
crucial role in employees’ KSB internally, similar to other studies. In two studies,
perceived TMS moderated the relationship between affective commitment to the
employing firm and employees’ KSB with members of the employing firm, but only
when perceived TMS was high. Thus, top managers need to ensure they are highly
supportive and provide resources to enable their employees to share their knowledge
internally. Perceived TMS did not moderate the affective commitment-KSB
relationship with the project organisation in two of the three studies. However,
perceived TMS, KPMs, and affective commitment to the project organisation had a
direct link to KSB with the project organisation.
The thesis also included an exploratory study into the moderating effects of
each knowledge protection mechanisms. The results showed that when the Labour
Legislation mechanism is isolated, both Labour Legislation and perceived TMS had a
significant moderating effect on the relationship between affective commitment to the
project organisation and KSB with project organisation. Labour Legislation includes
employees’ contracts where legal obligations are stipulated. The importance of
Labour Legislation is especially interesting since New Zealand managers rated this as
the least useful mechanism to protect their innovations.
This thesis extends the current literature on KSB in CI and provides new
insights into how affective commitment, perceived TMS, and KPMs affect
individuals’ KSB with the collaborative partner. Managers should also realise their
crucial role in influencing employees’ KSB by providing support and resources to
share knowledge. They should also pay close attention to their employees’ contracts
since these significantly moderate employees’ KSB
Integrating Impact Investing in Venture Capital: A Systemic Exploration of Decision Making within the MedTech Industry
No full textThe term impact investing was initially coined in 2007 by the Rockefeller Foundation. Impact investing refers to investors who fund ventures with the primary intention or desire to generate a positive impact. Over the years, there has been a notable trend of society becoming more aware of systemic issues such as health inequities, climate change and inadequate education. This sudden mass awakening to these systemic issues that have been prevalent for decades has, in turn, created this fundamental shift from traditional investing practices to more impact-focused investing. Therefore, investors have increased interest in engaging in impact investment practices. With the increased market demand also comes increased challenges that VCs face.
The findings suggest that VCs engage in impact investing strategies but not within the more sophisticated asset classes like MedTech. Moreover, there is not a lot of investment going into this industry in general, which led me to specify impact investing within the MedTech sector. This exploratory study is grounded in institutional theory, encompassing agentic choices about corporate social responsibility (CSR) and how external pressures, such as social norms and regulations, influence decision-making.
This study touched on several concepts related to the challenges VCs face when engaging in systemic strategies due to time constraints, regulatory dynamics, social norms and misalignment of definitions and measurement frameworks. These concepts impact VC's decision-making processes. However, to create systemic change, you need a systemic solution. In this instance, the action of building capabilities, namely, cultural and cognitive aspects, led us to the relationship with institutional works to further build on those capabilities. These exploratory findings offer foundational insights into systemic strategies conducted by VCs. They serve as a basis for future research that delves deeper into how VCs can further contribute to systemic strategy
Enabling Early Regulatory Strategy Development for Biotech SMEs: An Exploratory Study
No full textAchieving regulatory approval is one of the most important milestones for a biotechnology (biotech) firm as it is required to market a product. Yet, missteps in the regulatory process are common in biotech firms – resulting in derailing alliances, causing significant delays in the commercialisation timeline, and costing millions of dollars. In order to minimise such costs, it is critical to carefully plan and develop a sound regulatory strategy early in commercialisation process. The importance of developing a regulatory strategy earlier in the commercialisation process of a biotechnology product is recognised widely in the literature and the industry since errors in the earlier stage are less costly (at least in relative terms). Contrarily, many Small and Medium sized enterprises (SMEs) appear to leave the development of their regulatory strategy to later in the commercialisation process due to it being a resource intensive process. This contraction is understudied with a dearth of academic literature about the identification of methods that would assist SMEs to overcome barriers and develop a regulatory strategy, in order to maximise their chances of achieving regulatory approval for their biotech products.
The purpose of this thesis is to gain insight into how earlier development of a regulatory strategy in the commercialisation process can be enabled for biotech SMEs. This is done by understanding the barriers faced by biotech SMEs during the development of a regulatory strategy and identify the factors which assist these firms to successfully navigate through the barriers to develop a regulatory strategy early in the commercialisation process. An exploratory approach using a multiple case study research design is used to answer these questions. This research design utilises semi-structured interviews and secondary data to identify the barriers as well as enablers within six New Zealand based biotechnology firms. Within and cross case analysis was conducted on all information collected from the two sources of data to gain a broad understanding about the barriers and enablers at hand.
The results indicate that all six companies faced the same set of barriers when developing a regulatory strategy. These barriers included lack of regulatory strategy, products developed don’t fit in specific categories, uncertainty about future developments of regulatory environments, navigation through institutional differences, large and risk financial commitments, hard to communicate with regulatory bodies, and availability of regulatory resources. Four enablers for early development of regulatory strategy were also identified, which included prior regulatory strategy experience of a key-decision maker, defining one market of entry, earlier involvement of regulatory consultants, and earlier conversations with regulatory bodies. The findings from this study will hopefully help SMEs identify the barriers faced when developing a regulatory strategy for their
biotech products and provide some methods which can be used to navigate through these barriers and enable early development of a regulatory strategy in their commercialisation process
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Capabilities for Frugal Innovation in Developed Market Firms
No full textFrugal innovation has proven a powerful approach to innovating using fewer resources. Mostly associated with emerging markets, some scholars and practitioners suggest the growing relevance of frugal innovation practices to developed markets. However, existing studies are primarily anecdotal, often lacking systematic empirical exploration. The present research explores how developed market firms incorporate frugal innovation activities into their normal innovation activities. In particular, this research focuses on firms operating from a developed market context in the Asia-Pacific region, and primarily targeting customers in emerging market contexts in the same region. More precisely, the present research answers the research question: How do strategic decision-making and knowledge integration activities enable capabilities for frugal innovation in developed market firms?
To answer the research question, the dynamic capability perspective is applied to review the literature of frugal innovation capability building in emerging markets. A multi-level (firm- and project-level) qualitative case study approach is then applied to analyse four in-depth purposive case studies of developed market firms involved in frugal product innovation. Thematic analysis reveals that the firms engage in frugal innovation for different reasons. A typology is developed that shows three categories of firm motivation based on the degree of empathy with market needs and the importance of activity being profitable. These categories, termed the Philanthro-Capitalist, Robin Hood, and Cost-Driven approaches, offer a new way to describe the reasons developed market firms pursue frugal innovation. The findings also show the firm-level and project-level activities underpinning distinctive capabilities for frugal innovation. A multi-level model connecting firm motivations and distinctive capabilities for frugal innovation is developed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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