1,720,961 research outputs found
Human decision-making and seat belt use
No full textThe methodologies used by researchers to analyze drivers\u27 behavior have changed dramatically over the years. Several driver-behavior models focusing mainly on motivational and cognitive aspects of driving have been developed to identify major factors causing drivers to behave in unsafe manners. Furthermore, the factors revealed by these models have been taken into account in the design of traffic safety campaigns and have led to the introduction of mandatory seat belt use laws in almost all states. On the other hand, low seat belt use rates are still being observed. People often fail to use belts because of strong beliefs and opinions. This study was conducted in two main parts. In the first part, the triadic technique was used for construct elicitation to structure the repertory grid. In the second part, each subject first rated the perceived usefulness of seat belts in each accident scenario on a 7-point scale. Each subject then rated all accident scenarios on each construct on the 7-point scale. Three independent variables were used to specify accident scenarios that were used in the second part. These variables included the direction of collision, the type of road, and the presence of an air-bag system. Three hypotheses were formulated for this study. These hypotheses were: first, perceived usefulness of seat belts is influenced by situational factors such as the direction of collision, the type of road, and the presence of an air-bag system; second, the relationship between the perceived usefulness of seat belts and the situational factors can be described with a set of rules; third, perceived usefulness of seat belts is influenced by perceived risk. The results indicated that the three hypotheses of this research were supported. Based on the results obtained, a conceptual model for the role of situational, individual and several other factors in drivers\u27 behavior towards seat belt use was developed. The model indicated that (1) drivers\u27 seat belt use is habitual in nature, and (2) drivers\u27 decision making process when judging the risk level and usefulness of seat belts differs from those that determine actual behavior
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
ACCEPTANCE OF E-REVERSE AUCTION USE: A TEST OF COMPETING MODELS
No full textThis study aims to understand factors affecting e-reverse auction usage in companies by comparing three models: Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the integrated model (integration of TAM and TPB). Using LISREL 8.54, data collected from 156 employees working in the procurement department of companies in 40 different countries were used to test the models. Results indicated that, TPB may be more appropriate than the TAM and integrated model for explaining behavioral intention to use e-reverse auction. Behavioral intention to use is explained- by only attitude towards use in TAM; by subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and attitude towards use in both TPB and the integrated model. The other result suggests that actual use of e-reverse auction is directly predicted by behavioral intention to use in all three models. This study concludes with the discussion of the findings and implications for practitioners
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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