1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Supporting Urban Innovators’ Reflective Practice
No full textOver the past years, a growing number of local initiatives are generating solutions for societal challenges in their cities. However, the scale and complexity of these challenges force urban innovators to constantly adapt and learn, having to acquire new capabilities that will help them advance towards systemic change. In the current work, we take the premise that these urban innovators need to be able to utilise the urban context as a learning ecosystem in order to push their interventions beyond the boundaries of small innovative niches. In keeping with Schön’s reflective practice, we envisage reflection as a core competence for these urban change makers to grow and present a reflective process supporting urban innovators in framing their professional learning journey to succeed in their projects. A series of online sessions have been conducted to investigate how to scaffold a reflective process enabling innovators to better identify challenges in their projects and the corresponding capabilities they need to acquire. In the proposed paper, we present reflective activities as a tool supporting urban innovators in self-defining their learning journeys and elaborate on the insights gained. It can be concluded that the reflective process we developed was valuable to urban innovators in unveiling new learning needs for their projects, while further research is needed to more effectively translate these learnings into actionable steps to sustain innovators’ self-development.Accepted Author ManuscriptDesign Conceptualization and Communicatio
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Design Tool-Box to Scale Social Innovations from one context to another: Unfolding the Scaling Journey of Designscapes Initiatives
No full textIn the last decades, more and more complex societal and environmental challenges are rising. Social Innovation is an emerging and promising framework to tackle complex global challenges at the local level of urban contexts. These projects are socially, culturally and contextually embedded and highly dependent on the local ecosystem of resources. Due to their reduced size and non-profit driven structure, social innovations lack financial resources and the needed capacity, hindering them from scaling and achieving a larger impact. Hence why these small-scale and hyper-localized projects often struggle to take root in new contexts. Design capabilities are exponentially considered a fundamental enabler of innovation processes (Scott, 2018), and recently the awareness toward design tools in supporting bottom-up, local innovations increased. Initiatives such as the Designscapes project are examples of a design-capability building program aiming to foster innovation through design by helping these small-scale urban initiatives to scale and achieve impact goals. Although design has great potential to enable innovation, the design process stops at the implementation stage, failing to provide innovators with the needed tools to achieve large-size impact. Therefore, the current project explores how design could support social innovations to scale and achieve impact by unfolding the scaling journeys of Designscapes initiatives. In addition to the research goal, understanding the scaling process of social innovations through design, the project aims to develop a framework/tool-kit enabling small-scale urban initiatives to overcome challenges and develop strategies to scale from one context to another. Several design elements have been used to carry research throughout an iterative double-diamond design process to respond to the project goals. Theoretical knowledge has been applied and used as an exploration mean to conduct empirical research within the practice of Designscapes initiatives. The research findings led to the development of the 'Scaling Framework,' which presents the crucial steps and criteria to scale social innovations. Even though scaling is a complex matter and one single solution to scale does not exist, network formation resulted, from research, being an effective strategy to scale. It allows social innovators to mobilize the resources necessary, align demand and supply, to have a desirable and viable solution implemented in the new context. However, to form networks and replicate the project from one context to another, these small-scale social initiatives have to overcome two main challenges, identified as the cognitive and context gap. Therefore, to overcome those challenges, Social Innovators will capture what to scale by acknowledging differences and similarities between the local context conditions, re-framing their value proposition to match the local resources and people's needs, and defining how to scale by articulating impact-driven strategies. The research outcomes have been turned into a 'Scaling Tool-Box' to make the scaling framework and process actionable and operational, hence useful for its intended users (social innovators). The final result of the project, 'a design tool-box to support Social Urban Innovators scaling from one context to another, facilitates small-scale social initiatives bridge the gaps and develop strategies to form local networks. In conclusion, scaling is like a learning process where social innovators have to learn What and How to adapt to the local context conditions. Because of the value of design in building capacity and functioning as a framework guiding a particular thinking process, independently from the domain or stage of application, design demonstrates being a relevant tool enabling innovation to scale. Furthermore, the final result still has opportunities for improvement, and future research is seen as necessary to expand the tools and outcomes beyond the initial steps of scaling. Indeed, the tools focus only on one part of the scaling process identified and defined through the (theoretical) framework. Moreover, because of the small-scale study conducted in this project, further exploration to validate the tool beyond its context scope (Designscapes initiatives) could help open up and generalise the results to a broader audience.Strategic Product Desig
Supporting urban innovators in framing their capacity-building journey
No full textThe current project started with the intention of exploring how design could support initiatives in their complex challenges trying to bring innovation in cities. The scale and complexity of such societal challenges, force urban innovators to constantly adapt and learn, developing new capabilities that can help them succeed in a multi-level process that forces them to create valuable propositions for several actors in the system. The opportunity for the current project was seen in exploring how design could be used to support these initiatives in developing their own capacity building process throughout their complex challenge of embedding innovation in cities. The goal of the project is, in particular, to investigate how to design a methodology that supports urban innovators in framing their capacity building steps, in order to foster their continuous development of capabilities for their innovation processes. After initial explorations through theories on transdisciplinary and reflective approaches, combined with designed interventions with master students, a clearer research direction has been identified to answer the following research question; How can a reflective tool enable urban innovators in developing their own Designscapes capacity building trajectory in order to facilitate continuous improvement and diffusion of capabilities? The project takes a research through design approach, articulated in five iterative design interventions. During the interventions, prototypes are designed and evaluated with urban innovators from Designscapes project, leading to the final proposal of a reflective tool for DEI initiatives. Through five iterations, insights are generated regarding how reflective processes can better facilitate the identification of capacity building needs in DEI projects. Simultaneously, each intervention informed as well the requirements for the design of the reflective tool as final outcome of this project. The final result of the project, a reflective tool in support of DEI initiatives’ capacity building journeys, contributes to facilitate urban innovators in embracing a reflective approach in carrying out their projects and identifying new capabilities they need to develop to succeed in them. The final result still has opportunities for improvement and further research is seen as necessary for its implementation in real context constraints of initiatives projects.Design for Interactio
Empowering young change-makers: A tool that enables children activation in their community through a child-led approach
No full textChildren's participation in society is still limited without the establishment of appropriate areas, and the possibility to access the spheres of urban activism, children risks to remain invisible citizens. While children don't get the chance to unleash their creative talents in the innovation playground society is turning into, society lacks their contribution as playful and constructive disorganizers of the world. Based on those background premises, the current project focuses on exploring how children can participate in society without a top-down involvement and how they can be supported in the process of empowerment as active agents in their social and urban context. The opportunity for the project inquiry was found in collaboration with a children center in the outskirt of Bari (Italy), a frontrunner of the Urban civic networks project aimed at promoting urban and human regeneration in a neglected context, where the sense of powerlessness over positive transformations is handed down to children. A research through design approach was utilized to achieve the project goal: design a tool that enables 6 to 12 years old children to undertake an activation journey to take action towards prosocial challenges meaningful for themselves and their community. In the initial research cycle, desk research and comparative analysis of 6 different case studies of toolkit and programs were performed to unveil how children's empowerment could be supported by design. The resulting map of ideal empowering strategies allowed to identify some pillars of children activation process to inform the following cycles. Among those, the community perception, the unlocking of I can mindset and opportunities for action were the object of the research through design interventions, together with the open endedness of the activation process disclosed along with the two iterations. The insights collected converged into children's intuitive, creative activation journey, including gaps, enablers, and needs they experienced along it. They also contributed to enriching the requirements list for the tool's design. During the ideation the leading research outcomes were embodied in the final tool proposal "Il Priscio", activities set for young positive change-makers, that propose them a child-led activation through 5 main steps: raising I can, finding relevance in opportunities for change, becoming protagonists, powers-driven ideation and practicing courage. The tool suitcase board contains 14 activity cards with open-ended steps to perform and additional materials to support the experience, such as a platform to practice courage by sharing the results of the powers-driven ideation. The partial test of the tool in the context of the Urban civic network, set up as a third design intervention, acted as a launchpad for children self-activation. Although the implementation in the context of civic associations is envisioned, the tool opened up further research direction about children's self-esteem, the communicative potential of their imaginative interventions, constructive communication with policymakers, and the addition of levels of ambiguity to the tool journey
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