1,721,180 research outputs found
Once-daily pramipexole for the treatment of early and advanced idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: implications for patients
Full text linkAngelo Antonini¹, Daniela Calandrella²¹Department for Parkinson’s Disease, IRCSS San Camillo, Venice, Italy; ²Department for Parkinson’s Disease, Clinic San Pio X, Milan, ItalyAbstract: Immediate-release (IR) pramipexole is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD), either alone (without levodopa) or in combination with levodopa, that is, during the entire progress of disease up to the advanced stage. It is also currently indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe primary restless legs syndrome (RLS). An extended-release (ER) formulation of pramipexole has been developed to allow a once-daily formulation and to provide more stable dopaminergic stimulation. This review summarized the pharmacokinetic profile of pramipexole for both the IR and ER formulations, and discussed the role of pramipexole in the management of early and advanced PD. The introduction of a once-daily formulation of pramipexole poses significant potential advantages for patients and this is reflected by relatively stable plasma levels. The most obvious benefit is convenience of use and better adherence to treatment schedule. Additional advantages may be represented by the opportunity to provide continuous drug delivery in a fashion that could potentially help minimize dyskinesia risk if the drug is used early in the disease course.Keywords: advanced Parkinson’s disease, continuous drug delivery, early Parkinson’s disease, extended release, immediate release, pramipexol
Calandrella brachydactyla
No full textRecopilación de observaciones de la Terrera común (Calandrella brachydactyla) realizadas en diferentes localidades de Valladolid, entre el 9 de agosto de 1949 y el 15 de mayo de 1952, y datos morfométricos de un individuo capturado en Burgos entre estas fechas.Compilation of observations of the Graeter Short-toed Lark (Calandrella brachydactyla) carried out at different villages of Valladolid, between the 9th of August of 1949 and the 15th of May of 1952, and morphometric data of an individual captured at Burgos between these dates
51. ‘A CALANDRELLA
No full textLa calandrella sarebbe la canicola, ossia quel lasso di tempo in cui le temperature raggiungono il picco. Nelle giornate particolarmente calide, torride, umide, i napoletani erano soliti esclamare il nome del vulcano Somma-Vesuvio. Somma, So’ ! Questa antichissima esortazione allontanava il pericolo di eruzioni ! E quinnice Austo ‘e ddoje ‘o juorno, na bella mangiata, doppo nu suonno.Ma ncopp’ ‘o liette nu se reposa,‘o càvere nfoca, spogn’ ‘a cammisa ! Addò vaje ienno sott’ ‘a calandrella..
Effects of rotigotine on Parkinson's disease-related sleep disturbances
Full text linkINTRODUCTION: Sleep abnormalities are a frequent non-motor symptom and a prominent cause of disability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
AREAS COVERED: This review discusses what is currently known about the characteristics of sleep disturbances in PD patients and attempts to clarify the role of dopaminergic pathways in their pathogenesis as well as the beneficial effect of dopaminergic agents in their treatment. In particular, this review will focus on the effects of transdermal rotigotine on improving PD-related sleep disorders.
EXPERT OPINION: Sleep disturbances are common in PD, and these disturbances can be reduced or resolved, in large part, by preventing or attenuating nocturnal and early morning motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. The studies discussed within this review suggest that sleep disorders are not just a consequence of motor impairment and dopaminergic therapy but are an integral part of the neurodegenerative process of PD. This is supported by the appearance of specific sleep disturbances, which are related to degeneration of the brainstem areas involved in the regulation of sleep/wake states in advance of typical PD symptoms. Development of more detailed diagnostic tools aimed at detecting sleep disturbances and at defining the main causative factors of sleep disturbances in PD will lead to improved treatment of these disturbances.Fil: Antonini, Angelo. IRCCS San Camilo. Department for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders; ItaliaFil: Calandrella, Daniela. IRCCS San Camilo. Department for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders; ItaliaFil: Merello, Marcelo Jorge. Fundación para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia. Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas "Raúl Carrea"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Konstantinos, Koutsikos. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Pilleri, Manuela. IRCCS San Camilo. Department for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder; Itali
Calandrella cinerea
No full textCalandrella cinerea (J. F. Gmelin, 1789) LITERATURE. — Dowsett (1993). STATUS. — Excluded. REMARK. — Included in the Burkina Faso checklist by Dowsett (1993), but not further considered as present in Burkina Faso.Published as part of Boano, Giovanni, Belemsobgo, Urbain, Silvano, Fabrizio, Hema, Emmanuel M., Belemsobgo, Aristide, Dimobe, Kangbéni & Pavia, Marco, 2022, An annotated checklist of the birds of Burkina Faso, pp. 27-107 in Zoosystema 44 (2) on page 78, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a2, http://zenodo.org/record/599969
Densitometric analysis of Western blot assays for feline immunodeficiency virus antibodies
No full textWestern blot (WB) strips for antibodies directed to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were analysed using reflectance densitometry by a semiautomatic densitometer. This method was used to quantify the antibody responses to different FIV proteins in both vaccinated and naturally or experimentally-infected cats. In order to increase reproducibility, reagents and protocols were accurately standardised and internal controls were added. In a first format, an internal control band consisting of feline IgG was added to each blot to minimise the effect of band intensity variation. In a second format, antibody concentrations were calculated from the ratio of the dens ities produced by test sera and by positive and negative standard sera. The sera under scrutiny were also examined by standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the results obtained compared with those of the corresponding WB. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the results obtained with the two methods, and this was especially evident when ELISA titres were compared to corrected WB values (P = 0.001). Densitometric analysis of WB assays allowed to quantify the antibodies against FIV proteins and might be useful to investigate possible humoral immune correlates of protection in FIV vaccination studies and antibody production in the early phase of infection. The quantitation of antibodies to Gag and Env FIV antigens might be used to obtain further informations on the course of FIV disease, as previously demonstrated in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infections. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Steroid hormone receptors in normal, dysplastic and neoplastic feline mammary tissues and their prognostic significance
No full textThe expression of oestrogen-a and progesterone receptors was determined in 13 normal, 21 dysplastic and 53 neoplastic feline mammary tissues. Expression of the receptors was correlated with cell proliferation, as assessed by the MIB-1 immunolabelling index, and with the clinical course of the disease. The expression of oestrogen receptors was significantly higher in healthy tissues and in adenosis than in neoplastic lesions, and the levels of progesterone receptors increased in fibroadenomatous changes and in 'in situ' carcinomas but decreased in invasive carcinomas. The oestrogen and progesterone receptor status of the invasive carcinomas did not correlate either with the histological parameters or with the overall survival of the cats, although the oestrogen receptor-negative tumours had a poor prognosis. Oestrogen receptor-positive neoplasms had a significantly lower MIB-1 immunolabelling index than oestrogen receptor-negative neoplasms
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