1,720,964 research outputs found
The Ontology of Security and its Implications for Maritime Security
Get PDFA substantial number of state and non-state actors have published strategies for maritime security and governance in the last decade. These strategies have been criticized in the sense that they do not reflect the ever-changing nature of security context. The critics mostly deal with adaptation to new risks and threats from an anthropocentric perspective. This study instead focuses on the comparison of the classical and post-classical ontologies of security. It assumes that the classical ontology of security enables certain assumptions while ignoring others. Thus, an ontological critique appears to be a necessity to address the security concerns of the complex global security context adequately. With this, this paper contributes to Christian Bueger’s maritime security matrix from a paradigm-oriented approach. As a result, the paper makes a case for the post-classical ontology of security and defines its main features as diffusion, interrelation, adaptation, non-linearity, and inclusiveness. This paper concludes that the ontological turn would be an asset for sustainable maritime security governance
COVID-19, Posthüman Güvenlik ve Canlılığın Geleceği
Get PDFCOVID-19 ya da yeni nesil koronavirüs, 2020 yılının ilk yarısında tüm dünyada gündemi işgal eden yegâne mesele oldu. Etkilediği ve dikkate alındığı coğrafyalar düşünüldüğünde, COVID-19’un gerçekten küreselleşen ilk meselemiz olduğu söylenebilir. Hatta daha sürecin başlarında, iklim değişikliğinin de böyle bir aciliyet hissiyle ele alınması gerektiğini iddia eden analizler yapıldı. Bu tespitin yanı sıra virüs gündemi politik- veya sosyo-ekonomik, psikolojik, ekolojik, dinsel ve etik-felsefi zeminlerde tartışıldı. Bu yazının ilgi alanı özelinde, virüsü, güvenliğin farklı boyutları açısından ele alan çalışmalar da yapıldı, yapılmaya devam ediyor. Bu yazı ise Posthümanizmin sunduğu imkanlar dahilinde, COVID-19 ve güvenlik ilişkisinin çift katmanlı bir analizini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır
Information Infrastructures and the Future of Ecological Citizenship in the Anthropocene
Get PDFIn the last two decades, the concept of ecological citizenship has become a recurrent theme in both popular and academic discussions. Discussions around the prospects of, and limitations to, ecological citizenship have mostly focused on the idea of political agency and the civic responsibility of individuals in relation to their environments, with an emphasis on environmental justice and sustainability. However, the current scholarship has yet to adequately characterize its conceptual bases and empirical applications from an information perspective. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of citizenship studies and infrastructure studies for developing more nuanced understanding(s) of epistemological models for ecological citizenship in our networked world. Drawing on the literature on information infrastructure, this paper then proposes a conceptual framework to understand ecological citizenship as constituted both discursively and techno-materially through neoliberal, anthropocentric informational infrastructures
NATO's Energy Security Agenda and US Strategy
No full textThis paper examines North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as one of the most important instruments of the U.S. Strategy from energy security perspective. The main purpose, here, is to discuss the evolution of NATO in late 2000s and to show how it was designed in that period as a dimension of the U.S. Strategy for sustaining energy security. The paper argues that NATO has been transformed in various ways and the process was mainly managed by the U.S. Administration. Therefore, an analogy between the transformation of NATO and the U.S. Administration’s priorities about energy security in late 2000s can be made. Today, natural gas is also a key factor together with oil. Any state’s target to expand its circle and area of interest towards Middle East can be associated with distribution of oil reserves. On the other hand, when it comes to Eurosia, natural gas also becomes key element of energy activities. As a result of efforts of the late 2000s, NATO came to a position that was compatible with the U.S. Strategy. It can be said that the U.S. Strategy had produced a threat perception to unify NATO members for the purpose of influencing energy game. On the other hand, the confrontations in Georgia before or in Ukraine last year show that the Alliance cannot resolve every conflict in its own terms
The contribution of the study of religion and nature to adaptive co-management in polycentric climate governance
Get PDFThe latest developments in climate change science and policy counter the traditional political and economic global structure. In this paper, approaching climate change as a collective action problem, I focused on adaptive co-management (ACM) as an innovative management concept. I assumed that the ACM might help us to inaugurate an inclusive social-ecological contract among humans, and between humans and other species. With the aim of enhancing the concept of adaptive co-management, I benefitted from the analytical studies conducted in the field of religion and nature. I first reviewed the literatures on adaptive co-management, and on religion and nature. Further, I elaborated the concepts of religion, religiosity, and Homo religiosus as well as the development of the religion and nature discipline. I then scrutinized the religious dimension of the ACM, and evaluated the religious challenges to it, using the findings of selected studies. Finally, I discussed the implications of the human mind’s comprehension of (ecological) reality. The conceptual discussion confirmed by the findings indicated that the hegemonic regime of truth still rests on an egocentric cosmology, and this attitude is independent of whether it relies on monotheistic faith or positivist science. In either case, human beings display the characteristics of Homo religiosus, connecting to reality in a dogmatic way
Cosmology of the Ergene River Pollution
Get PDFThe Ergene River has a length of 283 km within the European part of Turkey, which is also known as the Thrace Region, and its river basin area is 14,945.85 km2 that consists of agricultural lands noted for high fertility. It is born from Tekirdag, one of the three provinces of the region; passes through Kirklareli; and unites with the Evros River, the transboundary water connecting Greece and Turkey, in Edirne. Both rivers disembogue themselves into the Aegean Sea from the Saros Bay, which became one of the eighteen specially protected environment areas in 2010 due to its considerable biological diversity and seawater quality. However, the anti-ecological practices induced by industrialization and urbanization policies since the 1970s have had hazardous effects on the Ergene River ecosystems entirely, and particularly on the ground and surface waters. Benefitting from the related literature that has emerged since then, I aim to focus here on the pollution of the Ergene River as an outcome of the hegemonic cosmology in Turkey
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Posthumanism for Sustainability: A Scoping Review
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between posthumanism and sustainability and contribute to the interdisciplinary concept of posthuman sustainability. We conducted a scoping review of 45 peer-reviewed journal articles that met our inclusion criteria and employed co-occurrence analysis based on the clustering techniques of the VOSviewer. We identified five themes within the articles: post-humanism, post-anthropocentrism, post-dualism, post-Enlightenment, and post-technologism. Through our analysis, we found that posthumanism can offer insights into ecological issues and help promote alternative sustainable practices. We also identified three immediate concerns for post/humanities scholars: (1) fostering dialogue between critical humanist and posthumanist scholarship based on onto-epistemological plurality, (2) achieving conceptual clarity in the field, and (3) advocating for meaningful engagement with indigenous worldviews in a multidimensional and multitemporal manner. By exploring the relationship between posthumanism and sustainability, we hope to expand our knowledge of the urgent ecological issues we face and contribute to interdisciplinary efforts to address them
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