1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
New options for diode laser application in the treatment of therapy-refractory otorhinologic diseases
No full textIn experimentell-labortechnischen und klinisch-praktischen Anwendungen wurden
neue Optionen zum Einsatz des Diodenlasers in der Behandlung anderweitig
therapie-resistenter bzw. -refraktärer oto-rhinologischer Erkrankungen
untersucht. Im Alltag des HNO-Arztes haben in diesem Bereich insbesondere die
rezidivierende Otitis media chronica cholesteatomatosa (Cholesteatom), die
Rhinitis medicamentosa, die rezidivierende Polyposis nasi, die therapie-
resistente allergische Rhinitis, und die chronische Dysfunktion der Tuba
auditiva (Eustachii) eine besondere Bedeutung. Beim Cholesteatom erwiesen sich
die eingesetzten Laser und Absorptionsverstärker als potentiell geeignete
Instrumente einer lasergestützten Cholesteatom-Chirurgie. Die dargestellten
Verfahren führten in vitro zu einer Zerstörung von bis zu 92% aller gefärbten
und bestrahlten Cholesteatom-Zellen, während ungefärbte bestrahlte Zellen
nicht beeinträchtigt wurden. Mit den verwendeten Antikörpern war jedoch
aufgrund von Kreuzreaktionen mit Mukosazellen keine selektive Zellmarkierung
zu erzielen. Für eine zukünftige Realisierbarkeit einer postoperativ
durchgeführten, selektiven Laserbestrahlung residualer Cholesteatomzellen zur
Senkung der Rezidivrate bleibt es weiterführenden Untersuchungen vorbehalten,
das Chromophor an einen spezifischen Antikörper zu koppeln, der ausschließlich
an ein charakteristisches Cholesteatom-Oberflächenantigen bindet. Bei
Patienten mit therapie-refraktärer Rhinitis medicamentosa führte die
Diodenlaser-basierte Reduktion der infolge Tachyphylaxie und
„rebound“-Schwellung hyperplastischen unteren Nasenmuscheln zu einer
langfristigen Besserung der nasalen Obstruktion. Dank der optimierten
Nasenatmung konnte in der großen Mehrzahl der Fälle die psychophysische
Abhängigkeit von abschwellenden Nasentopika („Privinismus“) durchbrochen und
eine dauerhafte Heilung vom schleimhautschädigenden topischen
Vasokonstriktiva-Abusus erreicht werden. Bei rezidivierender Polyposis nasi
erwies sich die Diodenlaser-Polypektomie als hilfreich, die Hauptsymptome
Nasenatmungsbehinderung und Dys-/Anosmie durch eine optimierte Ventilation
bzw. die Freilegung der Polypen-verlegten Rima olfactoria deutlich zu
verbessern. In Kombination mit einer hochdosierten, topischen Beclometason-
Dipropionat-Anwendung resultierte bei den meisten Patienten eine langfristige
Stabilisierung des Lokalbefundes. Neben einer Steigerung der Lebensqualität
besteht dank der problemlosen minimal-invasiven Re-Applikationsmöglichkeit
dieser Behandlungsoption die Aussicht, „große“ NNH-Eingriffe in Vollnarkose
herauszuzögern bzw. zu reduzieren. Bei Patienten mit schwerer saisonaler und
perennialer allergischer Rhinitis ließen sich mittels endonasal-
laserchirurgischer Abtragung hyperplastischer Nasenmuscheln und obstruierender
Septumpathologien alle typischen Allergie-assoziierten nasalen Symptome
bessern, insbesondere Obstruktion und Rhinorrhoe. Risikoreiche
Daueranwendungen von topischen Vasokonstriktiva und systemischen
Kortikosteroiden können vermieden werden, da mit dieser Therapieoption bei
insuffizienter oder kontraindizierter antiallergischer Standardtherapie ein
guter Behandlungserfolg zu erzielen ist. Bei therapie-resistenter chronischer
Tubendysfunktion mit gestörtem tympanalen Druckausgleich ermöglichte die
Laserablation am epipharyngealen Tubenostium eine dauerhafte Verbesserung der
Mittelohrventilation, der assoziierten otologischen Symptome sowie der
Lebensqualität. Bei Patienten mit Trommelfellperforation konnte aufgrund der
präoperativen Lasertuboplastie die Erfolgsrate hörverbessernder
Tympanoplastiken gesteigert werden. Mittels Diodenlaser-assistiertem
Tubenshaping lassen sich in vielen Fällen die kausalen Ursachen direkt an der
Tuba auditiva, und nicht mehr nur die Folgen der sekundär resultierenden
Mittelohrerkrankungen beheben. Der Diodenlaser erwies sich insgesamt als
überaus geeignete, sichere und gut tolerierte Behandlungsoption bei den
verschiedenen dargestellten, anderweitig therapie-resistenten bzw.
-refraktären oto-rhinologischen Erkrankungen.New options for diode laser treatment of otherwise therapy-resistant or
-refractory otorhinologic diseases were investigated in experimental
laboratory settings and in clinical practice. In the everyday work of ENT
physicians, recurrent cholesteatoma, rhinitis medicamentosa, recurrent nasal
polyposis, therapy-resistant allergic rhinitis, and chronic Eustachian tube
dysfunction are of particular importance within this area. In cholesteatoma,
the applied lasers and absorption enhancers proved as potentially suitable
instruments of a laser-assisted cholesteatoma surgery. The presented
procedures resulted in vitro in a destruction of up to 92% of all stained and
irradiated cholesteatoma cells, while unstained irradiated cells were not
impaired. However, selective antibody-mediated staining was not achieved due
to cross reactions with middle ear mucosa cells. To reduce cholesteatoma
recurrence rate and to realize selective postoperative photodynamic therapy of
residual cholesteatoma cells, the chromophore has to be coupled to a
particular antibody that binds exclusively to an easily accessible specific
cholesteatoma surface antigen. In patients with therapy-refractory rhinitis
medicamentosa, the diode laser based reduction of hyperplastic inferior
turbinates resulted in a long-term improvement of nasal obstruction. Due to
the enhanced nasal airflow, the psycho-physical addiction to topical
decongestants („privinism“) was broken in the large majority of patients
followed by complete stop of drug abuse and sustained recovery of damaged
nasal mucosa. In chronic rhinosinusitis with recurrent nasal polyposis, the
diode laser polypectomy effectively improved the major clinical symptoms nasal
obstruction and dys-/anosmia because of an optimized ventilation and reopened
polyp-obstructed olfactory clefts. Combination with a high dosed, topical
beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol spray application caused in most affected
patients a long-lasting stabilization of the local endonasal condition. This
minimally invasive, easily reapplicable treatment option increases the
patients quality of life and seems to reduce or delay the need for major
paranasal sinus surgery under general anaesthesia. In patients with severe
seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, endonasal laser ablation of
hypertrophic turbinates and obstructing septal pathologies resulted in
improvement of all typical allergy-associated nasal symptoms, especially
obstruction and rhinorrhea. Dangerous long-term application of topical
decongestants and systemic corticosteroids can be avoided, especially in cases
of insufficient or contraindicated antiallergic standard therapy. In therapy-
resistant chronic tube dysfunction with disturbed equalization of middle ear
pressure, laser ablation at the epipharyngeal dorsal ostium of the Eustachian
tube realized a durable improvement of middle ear ventilation, associated
otological symptoms, and quality of life. The success rate of tympanoplasties
in patients with eardrum perforation was increased when a preoperative laser
tuboplasty was performed. Diode laser assisted tubal shaping treats not only
the consequences of secondarily resulting middle ear diseases, but enables
causal treatment directly at the Eustachian tube. In summary, the diode laser
proved to be a very suitable, safe and well-tolerated treatment option in the
different investigated, otherwise therapy-resistant or -refractory
otorhinologic diseases
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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