1,354,235 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-rcp-10.1177_14782715241231331 – Supplemental material for Physician-led thoracic ultrasound-guided biopsy; a district general hospital perspective
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-rcp-10.1177_14782715241231331 for Physician-led thoracic ultrasound-guided biopsy; a district general hospital perspective by M.J. Cafferkey and G.A. Martin in Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh</p
Theories used in employment relations and human resource management
No full textIt is perhaps easier to explain what theory is not rather than what it is. Theory is not facts or data. Nor is theory a hypothesis, or a case study. It is not a literature review. A theory is a set of general principles or ideas that are meant to explain how something works, and is independent of what it intends to explain. The purpose of a theory (or set of theories) is to help explain what causes something to occur, or to inform us of the likely consequences of a phenomenon. In so doing, theories can be more or less abstract, and be pitched at different levels – explaining society, processes, relations, behaviour and perceptions. For practitioners, theories can enhance understanding and inform decision-making. For researchers, theories shape the framing of their data, and are often presented as an essential part of any well-designed research project. Reflecting this, Hambrick (2007: 1346) argues that theory is essential for a field to flourish and advance. Indeed, many management journals require scholars to make a ‘theoretical contribution’ to get published, prompting something of an obsession with a theory-driven approach in management-related areas. Thus, while recognizing the value and importance of theory, we offer a cautionary note. Specifically, we suggest that it may be fruitful for a field to support initial consideration of phenomena-driven trends or patterns before becoming fixated on having a theoretical explanation. For example, that smoking can cause harm and ill health in humans does not need a theory to prove its validity (Hambrick, 2007). Reflecting this, in disciplines such as sociology, economics and finance there has been less of an ‘essential need’ to publish with some new theoretical development in mind. Instead, ideas, logics, concepts, premises are given due attention and the notion of exploring data is seen as valid and valuable in deciding if certain issues or phenomena are in themselves evident or emergent. Where this is the case, theory can then help to understand and explain such issues. Theory is therefore a crucial lens on the world, one that provides value in addressing both evident and emergent issues. Notwithstanding that empirics and theory both contribute value and vibrancy to a field, our focus here is on the role of theory, and some of the specific theories used in employment relations (ER) and human resource management (HRM) research.No Full Tex
Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions for risk factors correlate weakly with global risk factor burden: a cross-sectional study
No full textBackground and objectives: systematic reviews (SRs) are important for health-care decision-makers requiring evidence for interventions that target modifiable risk factors to prevent disease. We investigated whether Cochrane SR output correlated with risk factor burden as assessed by the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.Methods: we screened and extracted data from Cochrane reviews and protocols published since January 2011 investigating modifiable risk factors as outcomes. We calculated Spearman's rank correlation between number of occasions a risk factor was an SR outcome and that risk factor's global disease burden in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). We also calculated standardized Pearson residuals (SPRs) of the variance between the observed and expected frequency of a risk factor featuring as an outcome.Results: we obtained 400 unique SRs and 174 unique protocols from 6,392 Cochrane publications. Risk factors were an outcome a total of 965 times. The number of SR outcomes and DALYs per risk factor shared a weak-positive correlation (r = 0.45) for all risk factors, but was high (r = 0.83) for metabolic risks, similar for behavioral risks (r = 0.46), and weak negative for occupational and environmental risks (r = -0.40). SPRs for "high total cholesterol", "low bone mineral density", "alcohol and drug use" , and "child and maternal malnutrition" inferred a higher than expected frequency of outcomes, and for "air pollution", "dietary risk", and "unsafe water, sanitation, and hand-washing", fewer than expected.Conclusion: our study investigated whether Cochrane risk factor SRs align with global risk factor burden, demonstrating a weak-positive correlation. Interventions modifying air pollution and dietary risks were sparsely studied, given disease burden.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
?(2)-Sulfenamido complexes of uranium
No full textThermally stable ?(2)-sulfenamido complexes of uranium, U(?(2)-(BuNSPh)-N-t)(4) 1 and UCp2*(?(2)-(BuNSPh)-N-t)X, X=Cl 2a or Br 2b, have been prepared by metathetical reactions of LiN(Bu-t)SPh with UCl4/PMe3 and UCp2*Cl-2, respectively; 2 resists further substitution. Structure determination by X-ray diffraction shows that the bonding of the sulfenamido ligand is analogous to that found in its complexes with the early transition metals Ti, Zr, Mo and W. Indeed 1 is closely isostructural with the homoleptic zirconium complex, and 2a, 2b are effectively isostructural with ZrCp2(?(2)-(BuNSPh)-N-t)X
Ability, Motivation and Opportunity theory: a formula for employee performance?
No full textAbility, Motivation and Opportunity (AMO) theory has been adopted extensively to potentially explain the complex relationship between how people are managed and subsequent performance outcomes. Specifically, the theory suggests some combination of an individual’s ability (A), motivation (M) and opportunities (O) can give us a measure of an individual’s performance (P) (expressed as AMO = P). AMO theory is concerned with individual characteristics as independent variables, however, in its application in the HRM field, researchers have supplemented these independent variables for HR practices and policies, resulting in at least two different incarnations of the AMO model. Further compounding this issue, AMO theory has seldom seen empirical testing, and there is significant lack of consistency in definition and selection of variables. In this chapter, the authors develop an argument that AMO theory is poorly defined and tested, and its appeal is that it can be adapted to suit almost any HRM study.Full Tex
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pyridine functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of palladium
No full textThe pyridine functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene complexes (C-N)PdMeBr, C-N = 3-R-1-(2-picolyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene, (R = Bu-t 1a, R = mes 1b, mes = mesityl) are described; they are excellent catalysts for the Heck arylation; 1b is monomeric with a chelating C-N ligand; the product obtained by interaction of 1a with AgO2CCF3 shows a [Pd(C-N)](4) framework with bridging C-N ligands
Hybrid HRM systems and employee well-being: a self-determination theory perspective
No full textPurpose
Drawing from the human resource management (HRM) literature and framed with self-determination theory, this article seeks to investigate the impact of a hybrid system of HRM, characterized by the integration of practices from high-involvement work systems (HIWS) and high-compliance work systems (HCWS), on employee well-being in China.
Design/methodology/approach
We hypothesize there is a positive relationship between the hybrid system and employee well-being, mediated by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs as proposed by self-determination theory. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a cross-sectional survey involving 337 employees from both an agricultural company and a bank in China.
Findings
Our dataset provides support for the hypotheses, indicating that hybrid human resource (HR) systems positively relate to employee well-being, with a positive association with work engagement and a negative association with emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, our findings reveal that this relationship is mediated by the satisfaction of basic psychological needs.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to the HRM literature in three significant ways. First, it explores the hybrid HRM system, which integrates high-involvement work systems (HIWS) and high-compliance work systems (HCWS), enhancing the theorization of HRM in a more comprehensive manner. Second, it utilizes self-determination theory (SDT) to illuminate the underlying mechanisms connecting hybrid HRM to employee well-being – a topic that has received limited attention in prior research. Lastly, we operationalize employee well-being by examining both work engagement and emotional exhaustion, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of its multidimensional nature.Full Tex
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