1,721,109 research outputs found
OPTIMIZATION OF A CONTROL LAW TO SYNCHRONIZE FIRST-ORDER DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS ON RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS BY A TRANSVERSE COMPONENT
No full textThe present paper builds on the previous contribution by the second author, S. Fiori, Synchronization of first-order autonomous oscillators on Riemannian manifolds, Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems – Series B, Vol. 24, No. 4, pp. 1725 – 1741, April 2019. The aim of the present paper is to optimize a previously-developed control law to achieve synchronization of first-order non-linear oscillators whose state evolves on a Riemannian manifold. The optimization of such control law has been achieved by introducing a transverse control field, which guarantees reduced control effort without affecting the synchronization speed of the oscillators. The developed non-linear control theory has been analyzed from a theoretical point of view as well as through a comprehensive series of numerical experiments
Le contromisure adottate da Stati non materialmente lesi nel diritto internazionale
Full text linkSince 2014, many scholars have drawn renewed attention to the subject concerning unilateral coercive measures adopted by States. Due to the annexation of Crimea and to the conflict broke out in the Eastern regions of Ukraine, the Russian Federation has been accused of committing serious breaches of international law. As a response to them, several States, such as the United States, Japan, Australia and the members of the European Union, have adopted so called economic sanctions against Russia, in particular, against Russian officials and enterprises. International practice, far from being limited just to this case, shows how the adoption of economic restrictive measures as a reaction to serious breaches of international law has turned to be a relevant phenomenon in recent years.
The object of the present analysis is part of one of the most controversial field in international law: reaction of States against violation of international law and enforcement of international rules. Notably, the international Community is made up of sovereign, equal and independent States and, as a consequence, coercive measures may be implemented only through self-help measures. Such a decentralized reaction system need to be framed in a judicial architecture which seems necessary in order to avoid the primacy of power-based, instead of law-based, relations. Moreover, the complexity of the present subject has increased due to the emergence of the erga omnes obligations which are meant to protect fundamental values and basic principles of the international Community. All States have to comply with this kind of rules, thus entailing an overcoming in the classical bilateral structure of international relations. As a consequence, new questions have been raised by scholars concerning the possibility for States, not directly affected by the wrongful act, of reacting against violations of erga omnes obligations through the adoption of countermeasures. Violations of erga omnes obligations are deeply linked to the most serious breaches of international law which represent a threat to international peace and security and thus to the stability of international relations. This is the reason why it is possible to affirm that the central point this work aims at assessing concerns conditions of States’ reaction “between words and war”.
In particular, the present research will be focused on the lawfulness of countermeasures adopted by States not directly affected by the wrongful act in case of violations of erga omnes obligations. Indeed, the solution proposed by the Draft Articles on State Responsibility for internationally wrongful act, adopted in 2001, is deemed to be a compromise not setting out any clear regime. In view of the above, the first part of the work will be focused on the analysis of preliminary concepts considered as fundamental for a comprehensive understanding of the matter, and on the theoretical debate developed by scholars. The second part will be devoted to the exhaustive study of international practice and opinio of States in order to assess the emergence of a new international rule allowing the adoption of countermeasures by all States to enforce erga omnes obligations.
The third part will deal with the analysis of possible legal basis other than countermeasures which could justify unilateral coercive measures. The fourth and final part of the work will eventually discuss about the limits of countermeasures, steering the attention at proportionality and protection of economic, social and cultural human rights
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Biologic and clinical heterogeneity of lymphoproliferative diseases of peripheral mature T lymphocytes.
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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