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Andronymus caesar subsp. caesar caesar Fabricius 1793
No full text<i>Andronymus caesar caesar</i> Fabricius, 1793 <p> <i>Food plants</i></p> <p> Several food plants were documented in the 1960s: <i>Lecaniodiscus cupanioides</i> (Sapindaceae) in Ghana (Forsyth 1966), and small numbers of this hesperiid (given as <i>A. philander</i>) were found at Ibadan on <i>Afrormosia elata</i> in May, on <i>Isoberlinia doka</i> in October, and on <i>Pterocarpus mildbraedii</i> (all Fabaceae) in November (Roberts 1969). Subsequently, in Côte d’Ivoire, Vuattoux (1999) reared 30 adults, 18 from the Fabaceae, <i>Berlinia grandiflora</i> and <i>Detarium senegalense</i>, and 12 from the Sapindaceae, <i>Blighia unijugata</i> and <i>B. sapida</i>. MJWC spread and reexamined voucher specimens for his identifications of Vuattoux’s reared <i>Andronymus</i> spp.; although the vouchers for <i>A. caesar caesar</i> were correctly identified, one voucher for <i>A. hero</i>, reared from <i>Anthonota</i> sp. (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae), proved to be <i>A. caesar caesar</i>, so this is an additional food plant record for this species.</p> <p> MJWC found the early stages on the flush growth of a 2m sapling of <i>Deinbollia insignis</i> (Sapindaceae) in a forest clearing at Ibadan, Nigeria (94/111) and (unconfirmed) on <i>B. unijugata</i> (MJWC318) at Adiopodoumé, Côte d’Ivoire (89/201). The following observations are mostly based on the last collection, which unfortunately was parasitized, so that its association with this name is based on the close similarity to subspecies <i>philander</i> and the material of ssp. <i>caesar</i> reared in Nigeria.</p> <p> <i>Ovum</i></p> <p> Ova associated with collection 89/201 on <i>Blighia unijugata</i> in Côte d’Ivoire were 1.1mm in diameter; hemispherical, slightly indented at micropyle; smooth apart from 36–41 very fine ribs; pink, dark pink at micropyle; eclosed ova are white. They were laid on the leaf upper surface about 10mm from the margin.</p> <p> <i>Leaf shelters</i></p> <p>Caterpillars of 10–13mm (n-2 and penultimate instars) made simple one or two cut leaf shelters from the edge of a leaf. Of three shelters observed, two had a cut at each end, while the third had a cut at one end only, and two shelter lids were folded upwards, while a third was folded downwards.</p> <p> <i>Caterpillar</i></p> <p> The n-3 instar head capsule was 0.8 x 1.0mm (n=2) wide x high; widest at base, indent at vertex; dark brown; shiny; faintly reticulate. The n-2 instar caterpillar measured 10mm at the premoult stage; head 1.2 x 1.4mm wide x high (n=2); dark brown as n-3 instar; body shiny, translucent with dark green gut contents visible. The penultimate instar was similar: head 1.8 x 2.0mm (n=1) wide x high; body cuticle was white, more opaque and less shiny; this instar took just 2–3 days. The final instar was not described, but the head capsule was 3.1mm high. The caterpillar reared on <i>Deinbollia insignis</i> in Nigeria (94/111) was photographed (Figure 38). Although the photographs are out of focus, they are included here as they are sufficient to show that the caterpillar is within the range of variation documented for <i>A. caesar philander</i> (below, Figure 44). The fully mature caterpillar 94/111A had wax glands ventrolaterally on A1–2 and A7–8, and in a diffuse lateral patch on A2–8.</p> <p> <i>Pupa</i></p> <p>The pupa of 88/201A (Figure 39) measured 17mm; head bulbous; light brown with a weak dark dorsal line dividing anteriorly; darker chevrons dorsally on abdominal segments.</p> <p> <i>Natural enemies</i></p> <p>A tachinid larva emerged from the pupa 89/201C which was collected as penultimate instar caterpillar; it formed a puparium (6.3 x 2.8mm long x widest) but failed to emerge.</p>Published as part of <i>Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, Colin E., 2013, Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 5. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dicotyledon Feeders, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 3724 (1)</i> on pages 34-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3724.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5267833">http://zenodo.org/record/5267833</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
JANJI POLITIK NOTARIIL DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM
Get PDFThe offering of unrealistic political promises has become a common phenomenon in elections, resulting in political promises often being regarded nonsense. This situation encourages candidates to restore public trust in their promises. One of the efforts chosen is to formulate political promises into political promises by recording them in a notarial deed. This research uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The act of recording political promises into a notarial deed means that the political promises are transformed into an authentic deed made by a notary, providing protection and legal certainty for the parties involved. With this legal strength, it is hoped that public trust can be restored and that it can help to fixed one of the weaknesses in the direct electoral system by producing quality leaders
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