1,721,038 research outputs found
De Gruyter Handbook of sustainable development and finance
No full textThe De Gruyter Handbook of Sustainable Development and Finance explores the difficult and challenging issues confronting society and the environment, in the contexts of unprecedented climate change, bio-diversity loss and the global pandemic. In this seminal text exploring a wide range of topics, and in the devastating wake of COVID-19, scholars and practitioners analyse the effectiveness of current and proposed actions to build a sustainable future, and the public and private finance necessary to prevent an impending planetary catastrophe. The first section of the handbook introduces readers to the origins and evolution of sustainable development. An examination of public and private finance follows in the next two sections, presented from the perspectives of authors from both 'developed' and 'developing' countries. Climate change, one of the largest sectors of finance for sustainable development, is investigated in detail, as is the new and emerging development frontier, the 'blue' economy of the world's oceans. Suitable for students, policymakers and the public at large, the handbook highlights the lessons learned and points the way forward for sustainable development and finance in the wake of the global pandemic, and the challenges to come.No Full Tex
Preface
No full textWhen the proposal for a Handbook on sustainable development and finance in this series was submitted to De Gruyter in October 2020, COVID-19 was a relatively new phenomenon, and its connection to sustainable development and finance appeared tenuous. Yet to comment on those relations seemed necessary, albeit foolhardy. SARSCoV-2 and its variants are hardly the domain of a political scientist or a professor of finance.Full Tex
Private finance for sustainable development
No full textPrivate financing is an important aspect of sustainable finance for economic development and financial inclusion. Various forms of private sector financing need to be mobilised to achieve environmentally or socially sustainable outcomes as well as the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Strategically leveraging public finance through systemic change and stimulating private investment are both necessary to achieve a paradigm shift in the global economy (Clark, Reed, and Sunderland 2018). In the absence of the private sector progress will remain insufficient. A wide variety of impediments to incentivising private sector engagement persists. For private finance to make a positive contribution, fundamental systemic modifications and policy reforms are required to ensure that sustainable socioeconomic development happens within planetary boundaries (Steffen et al. 2015). This chapter consequently explores the unlocking of private sector finance to fulfil sustainability goals. However, not all is well in the private realm. Green bonds, while an innovative vehicle for investment, are problematic and wealth generation continues to be propped up by extreme poverty at the base of the economic pyramid. While new technologies, such as blockchain, offer a way forward for those at the base, progress will be limited unless and until the activities of all sectors are recognised and valued to the same extent as business as society emerges from the COVID-19 pandemic.Full Tex
Public finance for sustainable development
No full textPart 2 of this Handbook provides an introduction to some of the key concepts, approaches and challenges to public finance necessary for sustainable economic development, using examples from both developing and developed economies. There are two primary ways to finance sustainable development designed to support the transition to a low-carbon, smart and efficient economy. The first is to integrate the agenda of sustainable development into a country's public finance and tax system. Since governments play a key role in mobilising internal revenue by formulating budgets, it is important to emphasise the role of public finance in transitioning to a low-carbon economy. The second is to incentivise private investment in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).While the public sector is crucial in freeing up the flow of private finance, governments in developing economies often fail to provide incentives for private investors to facilitate pathways for the implementation of low-carbon investment. Some guidelines for policymakers to design and reform internal revenue mobilisation initiatives considering the context and disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are also offered. The implications of effective collaboration between government, civil society and the private sector, which in turn can configure and endure sustainable development, are highlighted.Full Tex
Climate finance for sustainable development
No full textFinance is one of the central aspects necessary for combatting climate change and is covered by a wide range of mechanisms, institutional arrangements and governing bodies with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), validating claims that the Convention is indeed both a regime complex and a complex regime. The chapter begins by outlining those arrangements historically and how they, and the responsibilities pertaining to them, have evolved over time. It continues with a summary of some of the main points of contention, not the least of which have been disputes over the provision of resources from developed to developing countries, which have served to reinforce the North/ South divide, notably in the context of climate finance. The remainder of the chapter summarises the key themes and findings of the contributing authors to this section of the Handbook, who discuss the strengths and weaknesses of some of the central mechanisms for financing climate action within the UNFCCC, and beyond. They provide recommendations as to how the integrity of finance can be safeguarded, both within the Convention and beyond, where the impacts of poverty - and COVID-19 - make resilience in the face of the escalating climate emergency especially difficult.Full Tex
Origins and evolution of sustainable development and finance
No full textThis introductory chapter provides a broad-brush presentation of the intergovernmental regime for sustainable development that has arisen since the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio Earth Summit, and beyond. The chapter begins with an outline of the origins of sustainable development as an intergovernmental and international policy agenda and delineates some of the main outcomes arising from UNCED. These include the various conventions guiding global environmental policy today, as well as the Global Environment Facility, one of the most significant channels of finance for sustainable development. Also explored are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 2000-2015 and their successors, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This is followed by a discussion of the role of the private sector in financing sustainable development and the challenges inherent in unlocking private finance. The chapter continues with an exploration of the future for sustainable development and finance in the light of the alternative approaches to understanding and valuing capital and in the context of COVID-19. A final section summarises the contributions of the various authors in this section, who explore a range of issues confronting the current practice of, and potential for, sustainable development and finance.Full Tex
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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