4,203 research outputs found
Prevalencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en cabras lecheras alimentadas con forraje hidropónico de triticale
No full text"Cabras lactantes (n=15) Murciano-Granadinas fueron distribuidas en tres tratamientos (n=5) con diferentes niveles de Forraje Hidropónico de Triticale en la ración; 0 (testigo), 20 y 40% para evaluar la carga parasitaria gastrointestinal por medio de: conteo de huevos por gramo de heces (HPG), hematocrito (PCV), producción de leche (PL) mediante diferencia de pesos de los cabritos (PH) en una sola toma diaria (08:00h), pesos de las cabras (PM) y PH, FAMACHA y Condición Corporal (CC). El experimento con una duración de 98 días, se realizo en La Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, en Saltillo, Coahuila, México. Se hicieron muestreos de haces y sangre cada 14 días, simultáneamente se tomaron datos de FAMACHA, CC, PL, PM y PH. Hubo diferencias significativas (P0.05) por el nivel de FH en la ración de las cabras. Aunque en la PL no se encontraron diferencias significativas (P>0.05); el PH fue más bajo (P0.05) by HF level in the ration. MP was not affected (P>0.05) either by HF level in the ration; however, KW was lower (P<0.0001) in the 20% HF group than the others with: 8.378, 6.637 y 7.537 kg for: 0, 20 and 40% HF in the diet. It is concluded that the HF level in the ration brings down EGF but not PCV in Murciano Granadina lactating goats around pick of lactation under a mixed production system (penned and extensive fed).
Efeito macho interespécie: indução de estro em cabras pela presença de um macho ovino
No full textO presente estudo foi conduzido para estudar o efeito macho interespécie na indução de
estro em cabras utilizando um macho ovino. 68 cabras Saanen foram separadas em dois
grupos de 16 pluríparas (Pl) e 18 nulíparas (Nl), cada. O primeiro grupo foi exposto a
um carneiro (EMC) e o segundo a um bode (EMB), ambos durante 42 dias, duas vezes
ao dia. Foram registrados: intervalo de introdução do macho e observação do primeiro
estro, número de fêmeas que apresentaram estro, taxas de concepção e parição, duração
dos estros e número de ciclos curtos. Após a introdução do macho, o maior número de
fêmeas em estro deu-se na 3ª semana no EMC e na 4ª no EMB. O efeito macho com
carneiro foi mais eficiente nas Nl do que para as Pl: nas Nl, o número de fêmeas em
estro foi significativamente superior (P<0,05) no EMC em relação ao EMB com 15 e 03
cabras em estro respectivamente, já nas Pl o resultado foi igual (13 fêmeas em cada). As
taxas de concepção e parição nas Nl foram também significativamente superiores
(P<0,05) com 85,7% no EMC contra 33% do EMB. Em adição, nas Pl não houve
diferença significativa com relação às taxas de concepção e parição com 75% e 41,7%
no EMB contra 66,7% e 58,3% do EMC respectivamente. Concluí-se que o efeito
macho interespécie apresenta boa eficiência para indução do estro em fêmeas nulíparas,
o que poderá se constituir numa eficiente opção para realização do efeito macho em
rebanhos de cabras leiteiras.
Palavras-chave: cabras leiteiras; carneiro; indução do estro; comportamento sexual.The present work was conducted to study the male effect interspecies in the induction of
estrous in goats by the presence of a ram. 68 Saanen goats had been separated in two
groups, each with 16 pluriparous (Pl) and 18 nulliparous (Nl). The first group was
exposed to a ram (RME) and the second to a buck (BME), both during 42 days, twice a
day. It was recorded the interval from the introduction of the male to the beginning of
the first estrous; number of females that had estrous; conception and parity rates;
duration of the estrous; number of short cycles. After the introduction of the male, the
biggest number of females in estrous was observed in the third week in the RME and in
the forth week in the BME. The male effect with the ram was more efficient with Nl
than with Pl. In the Nl group, the number of females in estrous was significantly higher
(P<0.05) with RME compared with the BME with 15 and 03 goats in estrous,
respectively. In the Pl the results were the same (13 goats in each). The conception and
parity rates in the Nl were also significantly higher (P<0.05) with 85.7% with RME
against 33% with BME. In additional, in the Pl, it didnt have significant difference in
regard to the conception and parity rates, with 75% and 41.7% in the BME against
66.7% and 85.3% in the RME, respectively. In conclusion, the male effect interspecies
present a good efficiency for induction of estrous in nulliparous goats, what can be able
to consist in an efficient option for accomplishment of the male effect in flocks of milk
goats.
Keywords: milk goats; ram; induction of estrous; sexual behavior
Herdabilidade para produção de leite em cabras das raças Saanen e Anglo Nubiana.
No full textResumo - Estimativas de herdabilidade foram realizadas para produção total de leite (PL) e duração da lactação (DL) de 618 lactações de 236 cabras Saanen e 892 lactações de 342 cabras Anglo Nubiana, ocorridas entre os anos de 1988 e 2002, no Setor Leiteiro da Embrapa Caprinos, Sobral, CE. As estimativas foram realizadas utilizando um modelo animal com duas características e o método da Maxima Verossimilhança Restrita Livre de Derivadas (DFREML). O modelo foi formado pelos efeitos fixos de mês e ano de parto e ordem de lactação, além do efeito genético direto, o efeito de ambiente permanente e o erro como aleatórios. As herdabilidades foram estimadas em 0,12+0,05 e O,03+0,01 para PL e DL, respectivamente, para Saanen e, 0,10+0,03 e 0,07+0,02 para PL e DL, respectivamente, para Alglo Nubiana. As correlações genéticas entre estas características foram 0,66+0,30 e 0,86+0,40 para Saanen e Anglo Nubiana, respectivamente. As repetibilidades para PL e DL foram 0,14 e 0,03 para Saanen, respectivamente, e 0,11 e 0,08 para Anglo Nubiana
Gauromaia (Gauromaia) ruffordi Medina & Cabras & Ruzzier 2022, sp. nov.
No full textGauromaia (Gauromaia) ruffordi sp. nov. (Figs 2 A–G) Type specimen. Holotype: male, PHILIPPINES, Davao region, Davao City, Catigan Toril, 7°00’28.62 N; 124°55’17.99 E, 12-14. VII. 2019, M.N.D. Medina leg. (MMCP) to be deposited at PNM. Description. Measurements (in mm): body length: 14.2; IE 1.5; TD 0.4; EL 7.3; EW 4.0; mCG 0.5; PL 2.0; PW 3.2; Proportions: IE/TD 3.75; PW/PL 1.6; EL/EW 1.8. Body subrectangular, subparallel, black colored with strong blue-green metallic shine, elytra metallic green with a metallic purple transverse band on the ¾ of their length. Male. Head metallic green dorsally, with metallic blue frons; coarsely punctate at the base and near the eyes, finely punctate at the frons, piliferous; epistoma moderately depressed, finely punctate, piliferous; mEG weakly notched; labrum black, elliptical, entirely flattened, finely punctate, piliferous, with slightly concave apex which is covered with golden setae; epistomal suture obsolete, evenly arcuate; genae moderately convex, finely punctate, piliferous; frons flat, finely punctate, piligerous; inner ocular sulci shallow, extends one half the diameter of an eye; eyes light brown, moderate in size, transverse in lateral view; tempora weakly convex, not produced. Neck densely microsculptured ventrally; antennae short, reaching approximately apical third of pronotum; 7 th- 10 th antennomeres moderately dilated and forming a weak club; 1 st and 3 rd antennomeres 3.5 times as long as wide, individually; 2 nd as long as wide; 4 th 3.0 times as long as wide; 5 th twice as long as wide; 7 th- 10 th a little wider than long, individually; 7 th- 11 th moderately covered with golden setae; 11 th antennomere linguiform, as long as wide. Ultimate maxillary palpomere moderately securiform. Mentum trapezoidal, convex, bearing a fringe of long setae in anterior corners. Mandible black, glabrous. Base of the head lined with golden setae. Pronotum 1.6 times as wide as long, metallic green with coppery green luster, subquadrate, widest at the middle, finely punctate, piliferous; disc slightly convex, steeply descendent laterally, smooth along lateral margins; anterior margin almost straight; basal margin weakly sinuate, pronotal margin thick, black, glabrous; anterior corners obtusely rounded, posterior corners obtusely angulate, pointed. Scutellum triangular, flat, glabrous, of the same color of the pronotum. Elytra metallic green, with strong metallic purple transverse band on the ¾ of the elytral length; elytra distinctly convex in lateral view, widest behind middle in dorsal view; striae with very fine punctures; these punctures gradually become finer towards apical declivity; intervals almost flat, finely and sparsely punctate at the first basal half of the elytra, becoming weaker and almost invisible towards the apex; humeral calli gently humped, steep descendent towards elytral margins; epipleura metallic purple, glabrous, evenly flat until third ventrite, the rest weakly oblique, reaching the anterior third of 5 th abdominal ventrite. Prothoracic hypomera slightly depressed, piliferous with fine microsculpture. Prosternum with fine punctations; prosternal process (Fig. 2D) lanceolate, curved inwards behind coxae, depressed from the base to behind apex. Mesoventral ridge strongly oblique forwards, slightly raised. Abdomen finely punctate, metallic green at the lateral terminals; ventrite I-III finely punctate with microsculpture pronounced near the anterior margin; ventrite IV-V impunctate, devoid of microsculpture. Genitalia (Fig. 2 E-G): phallobase 1.3 times as long as paramera, subellipsoidal in dorsal view, curved at basal third in lateral view; paramera fused, leaf-shaped in dorsal view, pointed at apex, in lateral view, gently curved from the base toward the apex Legs metallic green, short. Femora metallic blue with metallic green luster, finely punctate, sparsely piliferous, dilated at apical third. Tibiae slightly curved, anterior terminal of pro- and posterior terminals of meso- and metatibiae bearing golden setae. Pads of (pro-, meso-, metatarsi) tarsi covered with golden setae; claws simple and glabrous. Etymology. The specific epithet is dedicated to Mr. Josh Rufford Medina, son of the first author. Diagnosis. The new species, Gauromaia ruffordi sp. nov., is similar to G. bella Pic, with which it shares a similar chromatic pattern (purple-blue transverse band on the apical third of the elytra) and body profile. The two species can be separated by the base of the color pattern of the elytra: green-purple elytra with a marked purple transverse band on the ¾ of the elytral length in G. ruffordi; elytra mostly purple, humeri greenish, with the transverse band occupying all the apical third of the elytra, band golden-purple and delimited by iridescent blue, green and gold colors in G. bella. Furthermore, the lateral sides of the pronotum in G. ruffordi sp. nov., in dorsal view, are gently but continuously curved from the posterior to the anterior angles of the pronotum; in G. bella the margins of the pronotum are almost subparallel-sided in the basal half and more abruptly curved in the apical half.Published as part of Medina, Milton Norman, Cabras, Analyn & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2022, The Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Philippines Part 2. Two new species of the genus Gauromaia Pascoe, 1866 (Cnodalonini) from Mindanao Island, pp. 278-284 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on pages 280-281, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/702629
Efeito macho interespécie: Indução de estro em cabras leiteiras pela presença de macho ovino
No full textO trabalho foi conduzido para estudar o efeito macho interespécie na indução de estro em cabras utilizando um macho ovino. 64 cabras Saanen foram separadas em dois grupos de 16 pluríparas (Pl) e 18 nulíparas (Nl), cada. O primeiro grupo foi exposto a um carneiro (EMC) e o segundo a um bode (EMB), ambos durante 42 dias. Foram registrados: intervalo de introdução do macho e observação do primeiro estro, número de fêmeas que apresentaram estro, taxas de concepção e parição, duração dos estros e número de ciclos curtos. O efeito macho com carneiro foi mais eficiente nas Nl do que nas Pl: Nas Nl, o número de fêmeas em estro foi significativamente superior (P<0,05) no EMC em relação ao EMB com 15 e 03 cabras em estro respectivamente, já nas Pl o resultado foi igual (13 fêmeas em cada). As taxas de concepção e parição nas Nl foram também significativamente superiores (P<0,05) com 85,7% no EMC contra 33% do EMB. Em adição, nas Pl não houve diferença significativa com relação às taxas de concepção e parição com 75% e 41,7% no EMB contra 66,7% e 58,3% do EMC, respectivamente. Concluí-se que o efeito macho interespécie apresenta boa eficiência para indução do estro em fêmeas nulíparas, o que poderá se constituir numa eficiente opção para realização do efeito macho em rebanhos de cabras leiteiras.The work was conducted to study the male effect interspecies in the induction of estrous in goats by the presence of a ram. 64 Saanen goats had been separated in two groups, each with 16 pluriparous (Pl) and 18 nulliparous (Nl). The first group was exposed to a ram (RME) and the second to a buck (BME), both during 42 days. It was recorded the: interval between the introduction of the male and the beginning of the first estrous, number of females that had estrous, conception and parity rates, duration of the estrous and number of short cycles. The male effect with the ram was more efficient with the Nl than the Pl: In the Nl, the number of females in estrous was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the RME in compare with the BME with 15 and 03 goats in estrous, respectively. In the Pl the results were the same (13 goats in each). The conception and parity rates in the Nl were also significantly higher (P<0.05) with 85.7% in the RME against 33% in the BME. In additional, in the Pl, it didn’t have significant difference in regard to the conception and parity rates, with 75% and 41.7% in the BME against 66.7% and 85.3% in the RME, respectively. In conclusion, the male effect interspecies present a good efficiency for induction of estrous in nulliparous goats, what can be able to consist in an efficient option for accomplishment of the male effect i
Utilización del fotoperiodo artificial y el efecto macho para estimular la producción láctea y la conducta sexual en cabras subtropicales
No full text"Los objetivos generales de la presente tesis fueron investigar si en las cabras subtropicales que inician su lactancia durante los días cortos naturales las modificaciones en el fotoperiodo artificial pueden tener un efecto sobre la producción láctea y determinar si el efecto macho, usando machos fotoestimulados puede inducir la actividad sexual de cabras tratadas con días largos artificiales. En el primer estudio, 2 experimentos fueron realizados para determinar (i) si en las cabras subtropicales que paren a mitad de diciembre, la exposición a un fotoperiodo artificial de días largos artificiales de 14 h luz/día puede incrementar la producción de leche y (ii) para determinar si esas cabras pueden responder al efecto macho al final del prolongado tratamiento luminoso. En el experimento 1, a partir del dia 10 de lactancia 17 cabras lactantes estuvieron mantenidas bajo los días cortos naturales (grupo control), mientras que otras 22 cabras estuvieron mantenidas bajo un fotoperiodo artificial de días largos, consistente (14 h luz/día y 10 h). La exposición continua al fotoperiodo de días largos artificiales produjo un incremento en el nivel de producción de leche durante los primeros 110 días de lactación (interacción tiempo × tratamiento; P = 0.01), mientras que ninguno de los componentes químicos de la leche fueron modificados debido al tratamiento fotoperiódico (P > 0.05). En el experimento 2, todas las cabras anovulatorias del grupo control y del tratado fueron sometidas al efecto macho usando machos fotoestimulados. Todas las cabras mostraron conducta estral dentro de los primeros 10 días que estuvieron en contacto con los machos (100% en ambos grupos; P > 0.05). Así, la latencia al inicio del celo no fue diferente entre las cabras del grupo control (58.2 ± 3.0 h) y las del grupo tratado (62 ± 4.6 h). La exposición al macho provocó la ovulación independientemente si las cabras estuvieron previamente bajo el fotoperiodo artificial de días largos o días naturales (96 vs 100%, respectivamente; P = .79). De este primer estudio se concluyó que en las cabras subtropicales que paren durante días cortos naturales exposición a 14 h de luz/día estimuló la producción de leche, sin inhibir la ovulación en respuesta al efecto macho al final del prolongado tratamiento luminoso.
VIII
En el segundo estudio, se probó la hipótesis de que en cabras locales de la comarca lagunera, la exposición a una hora de luz extra proporcionada de 16 a 17 h después del alba (flash) en invierno estimula la producción de leche. Para este estudio se utilizaron veinte cabras criollas multíparas, cuya fecha promedio del parto fue el 25 de diciembre ± 2.0 días. Un grupo de ellas se mantuvo bajo las condiciones del fotoperiodo corto natural (días naturales; DN (n = 7). Otro grupo de cabras se sometió a un fotoperiodo artificial de días largos, consistente en 16 h de luz y 8 h de oscuridad (días largos; DL (n = 7). Otro tercer grupo de cabras recibió una hora de luz extra a 16 h después del alba fijo (pulso de luz; PL (n = 6). Los resultados mostraron que a través del estudio, las cabras de los grupos DL y PL produjeron más leche que las cabras del grupo DN. La producción de leche no fue diferente entre las cabras de los grupos DL y PL. De manera global, la producción de leche en las cabras de los grupos DL y PL fue del 30% más alta que en el grupo DN a través del periodo de lactancia estudiado. Los contenidos de grasa, proteína y lactosa en leche en (gramos/día) fueron más elevados durante los primeros 45 días de lactación en las cabras del grupo PL que en los otros 2 grupos. De este segundo estudio, se concluyó que en las cabras de doble propósito que inician su lactancia durante los días cortos naturales, la exposición diaria a un pulso de luz extra de 1 hora es suficiente para incrementar la producción de leche comparado con las cabras mantenidas bajo un fotoperiodo natural de días cortos. En conjunto, los resultados vertidos en la presente tesis sugieren que es posible realizar modificaciones en el fotoperiodo que es recibido por las cabras subtropicales que paren durante los días cortos naturales para estimular su nivel de producción láctea. Asimismo, los resultados de la presente tesis confirman la eficacia del efecto macho usando machos fotoestimulados para inducir la actividad sexual en cabras anovulatorias debido al tratamiento luminoso prolongado. La investigación futura de este tema debería ser conducida y centrada en simplificar el uso de la luz artificial como método que promueva la galactopoiésis en los rumiantes""The general objectives of the present thesis were to investigate if modifications in the artificial photoperiod can have an effect galactopoietic in subtropical goats that initiates their lactation during the natural short days and if the male effect using photostimulated males induce the sexual activity in goats treated for long-time with artificial long days. In the first study, two experiments were performed to determine (i) if in subtropical goats that gave birth during mid-December, the exposition to an artificial long-day photoperiod consisting in only 14 h. of light per day can increase the milk yield and (ii) to test whether these females can respond to the male effect at the end of the prolonged photoperiodic treatment. In experiment 1, 17 lactating goats were maintained under natural short days (control group), while another 22 goats were maintained under artificial long days (treated group) consisting in 14 h light and 10 h. darkness starting at day 10 of lactation. The continuous exposition to an artificial long-day photoperiod produced an increase in the milk yield level during the first 110 days of lactation (time × treatment interaction; P= 0.01), while none of the milk components were modified due to the photoperiodic treatment (P > .05). In experiment 2, all control and treated anovulatory goats were submitted to the male effect using photostimulated males. All females showed oestrous behaviour within the first 10 days that were in contact with males (100% in both groups; P> .05). Thus, the latency to onset of oestrus did not differ between females from control (58.2 ± 3.0 h) and treated (62 ± 4.6 h) groups. Male exposition provoked ovulation independently if females were previously under long days or natural photoperiod (96 vs 100%, respectively; P= .79). It was concluded that exposure to 14 h of light per day in subtropical goats that gave birth in late autumn stimulates milk yield without preventing the ovulation in response to the male effect at the end of the prolonged photoperiodic treatment. In the second study, the hypothesis that in double-purpose goats the exposure to one hour of extra-light given from 16 to 17 h after dawn (pulse of light) in winter stimulates the milk yield was tested. Twenty multiparous creole goats, which mean date of parturition was on December 25th ± 2.0 days were used. One group of goats was maintained under natural short photoperiod conditions (natural day; ND (n = 7). Another group of lactating females was submitted to an artificial long
X
day photoperiod consisting in 16 h light and 8 h darkness (long days; LD (n = 7). A third group of females received one hour of extra-light 16 h after the fixed dawn (light pulse; LP (n = 6). Results showed that across the study, goats from LD and PL yielded more milk than goats from ND group. Milk yield did not differ between goats from LD and PL. Globally, milk yield in the LD and PL groups was about 30% higher than in the ND group throughout the lactation period. Mean percentages of fat, protein and lactose contents in milk did not differ between the 3 groups at any stage of lactation, but these components in grams/day were higher in goats from PLG than in the others two groups within the first 45 d of lactation. It was concluded, that in double-purpose lactating goats that started their lactation during natural short days, the daily exposition to a 1-hour pulse of light is sufficient to stimulate milk yield compared to females maintained under natural short photoperiod. As a whole, the results expressed in this thesis suggest that it is possible that by making manipulations in the photoperiod received by subtropical lactating goats, which kidding during the natural short days, their milk production will be stimulated. Likewise, the results of this thesis confirm the effectiveness of the male effect using photostimulated males to induce sexual activity in anovulatory goats by prolonged luminous treatment. Future research on this issue should be conducted and focused on simplifying the use of artificial light as a method that promotes galactopoiesis in ruminants
Parâmetros reprodutivos de cabras mestiças Anglo-nubiana x Saanen infectadas e não infectadas com o vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina.
No full textObjetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar os parâmetros reprodutivos de cabras mestiças Anglo-Nubiana x Saanen infectadas e não infectadas com o vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina (CAEV). Foram utilizadas 100 matrizes mestiças Anglo-Nubiana x Saanen, sendo 38 soro-positivas e 62 soro-negativas para CAEV e quatro machos de mesmo grupo genético e soro-negativo, diagnosticados pelo IDGA e WB.Os parâmetros avaliados foram: taxa de gestação (Tg); duração da gestação (DG); fertilidade (Fe); fertilidade ao parto (FP); serviços por concepção (SC); prolificidade (Pl); taxa de gemelaridade (TG); peso vivo (PV) dos cabritos ao nascimento e a desmama; sexo das crias; e número de aborto e de natimorto. Não foi observada diferença estatística significativa entre as positivas e as negativas quando os seguintes parâmetros foram comparados: DG, PV das crias ao nascer e a desmama, Fe, sexo das crias e Pl. Quanto ao tipo de parto verificou-se que o as cabras positivas apresentaram freqüência de parto duplo significativamente mais elevada. Não foi observadas ocorrência de partos distórcicos nem retenção de placenta. Com base nesses resultados conclui-se que o vírus da Artrite-Encefalite Caprina não afetou os parâmetros reprodutivos das cabras infectadas, nas condições experimentais deste estudo
Gauromaia (Gauromaia) kitangladensis Medina & Cabras & Ruzzier 2022, sp. nov.
No full textGauromaia (Gauromaia) kitangladensis sp. nov. (Figs 3H–N) Holotype: male, PHILIPPINES, Bukidnon province, Mt.Kitanglad Range Natural Park, 8°07’25.20 N; 124°55’17.99 E, 18-20. VII. 2018, M.N.D. Medina leg. (MMCP) to be deposited at PNM. Description. Measurements (in mm): body length: 14.7; IE 1.5; TD 0.5; EL 8.0; EW 4.5; mCG 0.5; PL 2.0; PW 3.4; Proportions: IE/TD 3.0; PW/PL 1.7; EL/EW 1.8. Body subrectangular, brownish-black with strong green metallic shine, elytra purple with green luster along suture and lateral margins. Head dorsally metallic green, lateral side metallic black including genae towards ventral side; head in dorsal view transversely elliptical, slightly depressed, finely microsculptured, with piliferous punctures; epistoma weakly depressed, finely punctate; mEG weakly notched; labrum dark brown, elliptical, entirely flattened, finely punctate, piliferous, covered with golden setae at apex; epistomal suture obsolete, evenly arcuate; genae slightly convex, finely punctate, subparallel at sides; frons coppery metallic green, slightly depressed, finely punctate; inner ocular sulci shallow, not extending beyond the diameter of an eye; eyes moderate in size, transverse in lateral view; tempora weakly convex, not produced. Neck glabrous. Antennae short, reaching approximately middle of pronotum; 7 th –10 th antennomeres moderately dilated and forming a weak club; 1 st and 3 rd twice as long as wide, individually; 2 nd as long as wide; 4 th 1.5 times as long as wide; 5 th and 6 th slightly longer than wide; 7 th as long as wide; 7 th- 11 th moderately covered with golden setae; 8 th- 10 th wider than long; 11 th ellipsoidal, as long as wide. Ultimate maxillary palpomere feebly securiform. Mentum trapezoidal, slightly convex, and roughly punctate in anterior half, bearing a couple of long golden setae. Mandible black, glabrous. Base of the head lined with golden setae. Pronotum subquadrate, widest at the middle, 1.7 times as wide as long, metallic blue with coppery green luster, finely punctate, piliferous; disc slightly convex, steeply descendent laterally, smooth along lateral margins; anterior margin almost straight; basal margin weakly bisinuate; pronotal margin thick, black, glabrous; anterior corners obtusely rounded, posterior corners slightly recurved, pointed. Scutellum triangular, slightly convex, metallic green, glabrous. Elytra metallic purple with metallic green luster along suture and lateral margins, distinctly convex in lateral view, widest before apical third; striae defined only by a series of fine, clearly separate punctures, which are gradually more defined towards apical declivity; interstrial intervals flat, finely and sparsely punctate at the basal half, becoming almost invisible towards the apex; humeral calli gently humped, steep descendent towards elytral margin; epipleura black, glabrous, evenly flat until 3 rd abdominal ventrite, the rest weakly oblique, reaching until the anterior third of 5 th abdominal ventrite. Prothoracic hypomera slightly depressed, piliferous, with fine microsculpture. Prosternum with very fine microscopic punctations; prosternal process (Fig. 3K) lanceolate, curved inwards behind coxae, gently depressed near the apex. Mesoventral ridge strongly oblique, slightly raised. Abdomen finely punctate; ventrite I-III with microsculpture pronounced near each anterior margin; ventrite IV-V impunctate, without microsculpture. Genitalia (Fig. 3 L-M): phallobase 1.2 times as long as paramera, subrectangular in dorsal view, curved at basal third in lateral view; paramera fused, leaf-shaped in dorsal view, pointed at apex, in lateral view, gently curved from the base toward the apex. Legs short, metallic blue-green. Femora metallic blue, finely punctate, sparsely piliferous, distinctly dilated at apical third. Tibiae slightly incurved, anterior terminals of protibiae, posterior terminals of meso- and metatibiae bearing golden setae. Tarsi (pro-, meso-, metatarsi) covered with golden setae; claws glabrous. Etymology. This new species is named after Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park in Bukidnon Philippines where the type specimen was collected. Diagnosis. The new species, Gauromaia kitangladensis sp. nov., resembles G. laticeps Gebien, with which it shares a similar body shape, the distinctly convex profile of the elytra in lateral view and a similar coloration of head, pronotum and legs. From the latter, G. kitangladensis can be separated by having the elytra entirely greenpurple colored (in G. laticeps elytra are dark brown with purple limited to the impressions defining elytral striae), the elytral intervals flat (slightly convex in G. laticeps), and the prosternal process sharply pointed in ventral view (blunt in G. laticeps). Unfortunately, the present diagnosis is based solely on the original description of G. laticeps, as all attempts to find the holotype in the collections of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (depository indicated in the original description) or the Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (Gebien Collection) were unsuccessful; the type is probably lost. G. kitangladensis can easily be separated from the remaining Gauromaia species in the Philippines, because of the absence of a transverse iridescent band on the elytra.Published as part of Medina, Milton Norman, Cabras, Analyn & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2022, The Tenebrionidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) of the Philippines Part 2. Two new species of the genus Gauromaia Pascoe, 1866 (Cnodalonini) from Mindanao Island, pp. 278-284 in Zootaxa 5178 (3) on pages 282-283, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5178.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/702629
El horario de complementación alimenticia modifica la respuesta productiva de cabras lecheras en pastoreo
No full textObjective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the complementation schedule with an integral food in the production and chemical composition of the milk of lactating goats under grazing conditions in northern Mexico. Materials and methods. Twelve adult Saanen goats were assigned equitably and randomly to three treatments: control, morning complementation and evening complementation. It was measured dry matter consumption (DM), live weight (LW), body condition (CC), milk production (PL), chemical composition and performance of milk (protein, lactose and fat). Results. The highest total DM consumption was obtained in goats supplemented in the afternoon (p=0.02), and they were also the ones that produced the highest milk quantity (p<0.0001). The concentrations of protein (p=0.07) and lactose (p=0.10) in milk were not modified due to treatments. In contrast, the fat content in milk of the goats of the control group was higher (p<0.05) than the supplementation treatments. Conclusiones. Complementation in the afternoon improved the productive response of lactating goats in grazing during the dry season in northern Mexico.Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del horario de complementación con un alimento integral sobre la producción y composición química de la leche de cabras lactantes en condiciones de pastoreo en el norte de México. Materiales y métodos. Doce cabras Saanen adultas se asignaron en forma equitativa y aleatoria a tres tratamientos: testigo, complementación Mañana y complementación Tarde. Se midió consumo de materia seca (MS), peso vivo (PV), condición corporal (CC), producción de leche (PL), composición química y rendimiento de los componentes de la leche (proteína, lactosa y grasa). Resultados. El consumo mayor de MS total se obtuvo en las cabras complementadas por la tarde (p=0.02), y también fueron las que produjeron mayor cantidad de leche (p<0.0001). Las concentraciones de proteína (p=0.07) y lactosa (p=0.10) en leche no se modificaron por efecto de tratamientos. El contenido de grasa en leche de las cabras del grupo testigo fue mayor (p<0.05) que en los tratamientos con complementación. Conclusiones. La complementación por la tarde mejoró la respuesta productiva de cabras lactantes en pastoreo durante la época seca en el norte de México
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