1,720,959 research outputs found
Paleopathological evaluation and radiological study of 46 Egyptian mummified specimens in Italian museums
No full textA paleopathological study of a number of Egyptian mummies started at the beginning of the last century with the pioneering work of Sir Marc Armand Ruffer. The application of radiological examination to mummy studies has a long tradition, and dates back to the year 1898 when Sir William Flinders Petrie used X-rays for the first time.
Paleopathology and radiology both provide a quantity of data about the health status of past populations, in addition to the body conservation techniques adopted. Many mummified human remains from ancient Egypt are stored in Italian Museums. The University of Pisa carried out a project, named “Anubis”, whose aim it was to catalogue and examine these findings from a paleopathological and radiological point of view. Thirty-three complete mummies and thirteen body parts were surveyed and then submitted to complete radiological examination. In two cases it was possible to perform Computerized Tomography, two other mummies were investigated through endoscopy and in one case histology was also carried out. Sex and age at death were determined
for each specimen; embalming techniques, pathological conditions and post-mortem events were observed. X-rays also provide interesting egyptological data and paleopathological information.
Although it is not possible to elaborate a statistical analysis because of the scarce number of specimens coming from different parts of Egypt and different periods, evidence of joint and dental diseases and a number of other pathologies, such as fractures, osteoporosis and cysticercosis, were observed. Following the example of studies performed on collections of Egyptian mummies
in other countries, this work tries to reduce many gaps in the knowledge of Egyptian human mummified material preserved in Italy
Radiological evaluation of ancient Egyptian mummies in Italian museums
No full textPaleopathology and paleoradiology both provide a wealth of relevant data about the health status of ancient populations and give insights concerning the body conservation techniques adopted (mummification). Many mummified human remains from ancient Egypt are stored in Italy. During the first half of the 19th century, the work of Italian art collectors, antique dealers and merchants but, above all, Consuls, gave rise to a wide collection and import of ancient human remains. These remains enriched private and public collections and, consequently, Italian museums. The majority of the findings, which are the object of our study, comes from the vast collection of the National Archaeological Museum of Florence. The first of these mummies was already in Florence in the XVI century at the "Fonderia" of the Grand Duke of Tuscany and was sent to the Specola in 1775. The important group grew thanks mainly to the collection of Egyptian antiquities belonging to Giuseppe Nizzoli (Chancellor of the Austrian Consulate in Egypt) bought by the Grand Duke of Tuscany Leopoldo II in 1824 and the Jean-François Champollion and Ippolito Rosellini (from Pisa, the father of Italian Egyptology) discoveries and acquisitions in 1828-29 coming from the famous Franco-Tuscan Expedition to Egypt. This was further enriched by the archaeological findings of the two expeditions to Egypt done by Ernesto Schiaparelli (1884-85 and 1892-93), director of the Egyptian Museum of Florence from 1880 to 1894.
Since the year 2000 the University of Pisa carried out a project, whose aim was to catalogue and examine these findings from a radiological point of view in order to support the paleopathological evaluation. Thirty-three complete mummies and thirteen body parts were surveyed and then submitted to complete radiological examination. CT was possible in a case, two other mummies were investigated through endoscopy and in one case histology was also carried out. Sex and age at death were determined for each specimen; embalming techniques, pathological conditions and post-mortem events were observed. X-rays also provide interesting egyptological data and paleopathological information. Following the example of studies performed on collections of Egyptian mummies in other countries, this work tries to reduce many gaps in the knowledge of Egyptian mummified human material preserved in Italy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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