2,035 research outputs found
Reprogramming Müller glia via in vivo cell fusion regenerates murine photoreceptors
Get PDFVision impairments and blindness caused by retinitis pigmentosa result from severe neurodegeneration that leads to a loss of photoreceptors, the specialized light-sensitive neurons that enable vision. Although the mammalian nervous system is unable to replace neurons lost due to degeneration, therapeutic approaches to reprogram resident glial cells to replace retinal neurons have been proposed. Here, we demonstrate that retinal Müller glia can be reprogrammed in vivo into retinal precursors that then differentiate into photoreceptors. We transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) into retinas affected by photoreceptor degeneration and observed spontaneous cell fusion events between Müller glia and the transplanted cells. Activation of Wnt signaling in the transplanted HSPCs enhanced survival and proliferation of Müller-HSPC hybrids as well as their reprogramming into intermediate photoreceptor precursors. This suggests that Wnt signaling drives the reprogrammed cells toward a photoreceptor progenitor fate. Finally, Müller-HSPC hybrids differentiated into photoreceptors. Transplantation of HSPCs with activated Wnt functionally rescued the retinal degeneration phenotype in rd10 mice, a model for inherited retinitis pigmentosa. Together, these results suggest that photoreceptors can be generated by reprogramming Müller glia and that this approach may have potential as a strategy for reversing retinal degeneration.This work was supported by an ERC grant (242630-RERE to M.P. Cosma), the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad y FEDER (SAF2011-28580, and BFU2015-71984, BFU2015-71984-ERC to M.P. Cosma), an AGAUR grant from Secretaria d´Universitats i Investigació del Departament d´Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR1137 to M.P. Cosma), 976_Velux Stiftung (to M.P. Cosma), TV3’12_120530_ FUNDACIO MARATO TV3, Ferrer International (to M.P. Cosma and D. Sanges), and Subprograma Juan de la Cierva - Ministerio Ciencia e Innovación (to D. Sanges)
Detergency in Liquid CO2
No full textIn this dissertation we study Detergency in liquid Carbon Dioxide. Detergency is the cleaning performance of additives, surfactants in particular, in washing fluids. Liquid CO2 is under consideration, for environmental and toxicological reasons, to replace perchloro-ethylene as the solvent in textile dry cleaning technology. Inherent problems of such a transition were confronted with the methodology of chemical engineering design. The Basic Cycle of Design (BCD) approach was used as a pathway for designing a detergent. The BCD also establishes the structural framework of the thesis, which can, therefore, be read as records from a successful product engineering project, in which an effective detergent has been designed for a new dry cleaning solvent. The Dynamic Detergency Model (DDM), which succeeds to explain the role of surfactants in the washing operation, is used as a rational starting point for the design of a detergent in liquid CO2. According to this model, such a surfactant must be: sparingly soluble in the solvent, surface-active and able to form micelles in the solution. The different experiments carried out (solubility, interfacial-tension and dye solubilisation measurements), show that a number of molecules of the homologous polyoxyethylene/alkane series, generally described by the shorthand formula CiEj did indeed behave as surfactants and can be then considered detergents for liquid CO2. In the technical evaluation of the detergents, at laboratory as well as at semi-pilot scale, high washing performances were obtained. They are, indeed, as good for dry cleaning textiles as the present perchloro-ethylene (Perc) technology.Applied Science
'Her Irish Heritage' : Annie M.P Smithson and autobiography
No full textThis paper examines some aspects of the work of Annie M.P. Smithson, the author of 21 romance novels between 1917 and 1946. Her attitudes towards women, religion and politics are explored, and the importance of autobiography in her fiction discussed.Cet article analyse divers aspects de l'oeuvre d'Annie M.P. Smithson, l'auteur de vingt et un romans 'romanesques' publiés entre 1917 et 1946. Il étudie son attitude concernant les femmes, la religion, la politique, ainsi que le rôle de l'autobiographie dans sa fiction.Walsh Oonagh. 'Her Irish Heritage' : Annie M.P Smithson and autobiography. In: Études irlandaises, n°23-1, 1998. pp. 27-42
Il ruolo della linguistica in un'iniziativa di internazionalizzazione
No full textThe author deals with the role of linguistic sciences and language teaching in the internationalization project of an e-learning Specialization Course
The influence of steady blowing and roughness on transitional separated boundary layers
No full textThis paper presents the results of a study between two types of forcing, namely steady blowing and a tripwire, on the control of laminar separated boundary layers. The analysis focuses on the differences in the transition process between these two types of forcing. This effect will be studied using direct numerical simulation. The main differences consists in the coherent structures formed during transition and the overall kinetic energy growth
Gusmani grecista
No full textThe author deals with the Roberto Gusmani's works about Ancient Greek language
Skin-Friction Measurements on Mathematically Generated Roughness in a Turbulent Channel Flow
No full textEngineering systems are affected by surface roughness, however, predicting frictional drag has proven to be challenging. The present work takes a systematic approach by generating and manufacturing surfaces roughness where surface statistics, such as rms, skewness and power-spectral density can be controlled. The frictional drag on these surfaces is measured in a turbulent channel flow facility
El defensor del vínculo en las causas de nulidad matrimonial tras el m.p. Mitis Iudex
No full textCapítulos en librosLa autora estudia el rol del defensor del vínculo tras la reforma de los procesos canónicos de nulidad matrimonial introducida por el motu propio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus, del papa FranciscoThe author studies the role of the Defender of the Bond after the reform of the Canonical process for the declaration of the nullity of marriage, made by the m.p. of Pope Francis, Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesusinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Mercanti, diplomatici e viaggiatori tra Venezia e l’Egitto
No full textThe author describes the different classes of persons who used to travel from Venice to Egypt: merchants, ambassadors and diplomats, travellers
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