1,721,122 research outputs found
A simple locally interactive model of ergodic and non-ergodic growth
No full textIn this paper we provide a simple locally interactive dynamic model of technology choice and output production. We assume a Cobb-Douglas type production function for two available technologies. The returns to technology 0 are not affected by local spillovers. Technology 1 is more costly, as there is an overhead cost, but it has a higher marginal productivity with respect to net capital. The superiority of technology 1 positively and monotonically depends on the fraction of neighbours using it. We study the aggregate process of technology choices in a model with countablymany firms and repeated choices. The model explains: (i) persistent aggregate fluctuations in the presence of only idiosyncratic shocks, (ii) cross sectional heterogeneity along the dynamics and (iii) the possibility of multiple equilibria. The main contribution of the paper over the existing literature is that the model explains the endogeneous formation of large areas, homogeneous in terms of technology choice and output level, that look stationary along the dynamics
Consensus, contagion and clustering in a space-time model of public opinion formation
No full textWe study a simple model of pre-electoral opinion formation that posits that interaction between neighbouring voters leads to bandwagons in the dynamics of the individual process, as well as in that of the aggregate process. We show that in different specifications of the model, there is a tendency for the process to show consensus, i.e. to approach a configuration of homogeneous support for one candidate, out of the two who run the electoral campaign. We point out that the process displays the feature that, after long time spans, a sequence of states occur which, when viewed locally, remain almost stationary and are characterized by large clusters of individuals of the same opinion
Consensus, contagion and clustering in a space-time model of public opinion formation
No full textWe study a simple model of public opinion formation that posits that interaction between neighbouring agents leads to bandwagons in the dynamics of individual opinions, as well as in that of the aggregate process. We show that in different specifications of the model, there is a tendency for the process to show consensus on one of the two competing opinions. We show how a publicly available poll of current public opinion may lead to a form of contagion, by which public opinion tends to agree with the poll. We point out that, in the absence of a poll, the process displays the feature that, after long time spans, a sequence of states occur which, when viewed locally, remain almost stationary and are characterized by large clusters of individuals of the same opinion. The running metaphor we use is that of a model of pre-electoral public opinion formation, with two candidates running. We provide some heuristic considerations on the implication that these findings could have in terms of space-time allocation of fundings in an electoral campaign
A simple locally interactive model of ergodic and nonergodic growth
No full textIn this paper we propose a locally interactive model which explains both the cross sectional dynamics as well as the possibility of multiple long run equilibria. Firms can choose between two technologies say 1 and 0; the returns from technology 1 are affected by the number of neighboring firms using it; the returns from technology 0 are independent of neighboring firms technological choices. Durlauf (1993) explains nonergodic growth via strong technological complementarities. By modeling in a different way the transmission of the spillover effects, we show that in presence of technological complementarities of intermediate strength we have either two or infinitely many long run equilibria. The basin of attraction of these equilibria depend on the initial conditions. On the other hand when the technological complementarities are either very weak or very strong then we have a unique long run equilibrium. As for the dynamic behavior, we shall explain the formation of large connected areas, clusters. As the cluster size grows at a rate slower than t, such areas seem to be stationary along the dynamics
Stress scolastico e benessere psicofisico degli studenti: una ricerca nelle scuole di Modena
No full textValutazione scolastica,motivazione e benessere degli studenti:una ricerca nelle scuole superiori
No full textInfluenza delle dinamiche interpersonali sulla motivazione e la soddisafazione scolastica
No full textThe dynamics of public opinion under majority rules
Full text linkThis note explains the process of public opinion formation via a locally interactive, space-time analysis. The model we use is a special case of the general framework for modelling social interaction proposed in Blume and Durlauf (2001). In the reduced form of the model we study how each individual, when faced with the choice of one, out of two, opinions, tends to conform to the opinion held by the majority of her neighbours. We consider different, symmetric and asymmetric, majority rules. Depending on the specific behavioral rule, the aggregate process of opinion formation may display contagion on one specific opinion, or consensus among all individuals in the population, or co-existence of both opinions. Whenever consensus obtains, we observe the formation of homogeneous areas (clusters) that seem almost stationary along the dynamics
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