1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Study of the role of phosphodiesterase 5 in the contraction rate
No full textLa compartimentalizzazione dell’adenosina monofosfato ciclico (cAMP) e dell’attività della protein chinasi A (PKA) delle cellule muscolari cardiache gioca un ruolo chiave nel mantenimento e nell’aumento della contrattilità, causata da una stimolazione del sistema nervoso simpatico. Nei cardiomiociti, l’attivazione dei recettori adrenergici porta ad un aumento della produzione di cAMP, che viene a sua volta contenuto dall’attività d’idrolisi da parte delle fosfodiesterasi (PDEs).
Negli ultimi dieci anni si sono susseguiti una serie di studi che hanno messo in evidenza come nei cardiomiociti vi sia un incremento dell’espressione della PDE5 in diverse condizioni patologiche (Nagendran J et al.2007;Takimoto E. et al.2005). L’inibizione farmacologica della PDE5 con il Sildenafil, si è dimostrata efficace nel contrastare l’ipertrofia cardiaca in diversi modelli sperimentali e dati incoraggianti stanno emergendo da sperimentazioni cliniche condotte su diverse forme di scompenso cardiaco (Guazzi M et al. 2011; Andersen A et al. 2013). Un recente studio, ha ad esempio evidenziato come la cardiomiopatia diabetica possa migliorare nei pazienti sottoposti ad un inibizione cronica della PDE5 attraverso un meccanismo di anti-rimodellamento indipendente da fattori vascolari, endoteliali o metabolici (Giannetta E. et al 2015).Tuttavia, i meccanismi molecolari con cui il sildenafil agisce sull’omeostasi del cuore sono ancora in fase di investigazione. É noto che gli inibitori della PDE5, agiscono occupando il sito catalitico come pseudo substrati, bloccando l’attività esterasica e determinando un aumento intracellulare dei livelli di cGMP, con conseguente attivazione della PKG (Francis SH et al 2011). L’effetto ionotropo negativo dell’inibizione della PDE5 dopo stimolazione Beta-adrenergica è stata riportata in diverse specie (Lee DI et al. 2010; Senzaki H et al 2001), incluso l’uomo (Borlaug BA et al 2005). Tuttavia, l’effetto sulla cronotropia non è stato ancora stato documentato a causa delle limitazioni intrinseche dei modelli sperimentali.
Lo scopo di questa tesi di dottorato, è stato quello di esaminare il ruolo dell’inibizione della PDE5A sull’aumento della frequenza di contrazione indotta in seguito ad una stimolazione dei recettori beta adrenergici. Questo studio è stato possibile grazie a saggi in vitro, usando come modello sperimentale cardiomiociti neonatali di origine murina, in grado di contrarsi in maniera autonoma e sincrona, su cui è stato possibile misurare la frequenza di contrazione, sfruttando anche un approccio farmaco-genetico combinato, basato sull’ inibizione selettiva dell’attività e dei geni che codificano per i diversi recettori beta adrenergici e PDE.Compartmentalization of cAMP and PKA activity in cardiac muscle cells plays a key role in maintaining basal and enhanced contractility stimulated by sympathetic nerve activity. In cardiomyocytes, activation of adrenergic receptor increases cAMP synthesis, which is countered by the hydrolytic activity of selective phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Evidences have been accumulated that PDE5 protein is expressed in cardiomyocytes and up-regulated in several pathological conditions (Nagendran J et al.2007;Takimoto E. et al.2005). Pharmacological inhibition of PDE5 with sildenafil, a selective and potent inhibitor, has been shown effective in counteracting cardiac hypertrophy in animal models. Encouraging data are also emerging from clinical trials in heart failure (Guazzi M et al. 2011; Andersen A et al. 2013) and in diabetic cardiomyopathy exerting anti-remodelling effects (Giannetta E. et al 2015). However, the molecular mechanisms of sildenafil action on cardiac homeostasis are still under investigation.
It is known that sildenafil, occupying the catalytic site as pseudo substrates, blocks the esterase activity and leads to increased cGMP levels. Rise of intra-myocyte cGMP subsequently modulates the activation of PKG. (Francis SH et al 2011). The negative inotropic effect of PDE5 inhibitors after -adrenergic-stimulation has been also reported in several species (Lee DI et al. 2010; Senzaki H et al 2001; Borlaug BA et al. 2005) including humans. However, the effects on the frequency of contraction have not been previously addressed because of the intrinsic limitation of the investigated models. To examine the contribution of PDE5A inhibition to 1AR-, 2AR- and 3AR-stimulated contraction rate, we used in vitro beating assay performed on cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes and we measured the cardiac rate under different conditions. Contrary to adult, the neonatal ventriculocytes maintain their plasticity allowing them to form spontaneous beating syncytia and to respond to -adrenergic stimuli. Using a combined pharmacological and genetic approach based on selective disruption of the activities and genes encoding different ARs and PDEs.Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze per la salute (XXVII ciclo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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