1,720,992 research outputs found
Un pericolo invisibile: l’inquinamento ambientale minaccia la conservazione dei condroitti nel Mar Mediterraneo
Full text linkAssessment of the conservation status of Chondrichthyans: underestimation of the pollution threat
Full text linkCartilaginous fish include sharks, rays, skates, sawfish, and chimaeras. Their habitat ranges from shallow coastal waters to deep ocean floors, estuarine areas as well as rivers and inland waters. Overfishing is considered to be the main threat to their existence, but there are many more stressors that these species face. Pollution is an issue that concerns aquatic organisms at every level, and Chondrichthyans are no exception. Here, we looked at their IUCN Red List assessment, and noticed a lack of information regarding anthropogenic contamination for these species. Out of 1124 cartilaginous fish species assessed, only 17 Selachimorpha and 32 Batoidea species were considered to be facing a “pollution threat”; in most cases, the threat was assigned not from direct ecotoxicological studies of the specimens, but because the species inhabited areas likely to be contaminated. An update on the conservation status of these species is urgently needed. Further, there is a fundamental need to study the effects of contaminants on Chondrichthyans as they play a key role in aquatic ecosystems
La Scittà eterna nei sonetti di Belli. Cenni sull’onomastica allusiva, in Belli e l’archeologia. Atti delle Giornate di Studio (Roma, 4–5 dicembre 2009), a cura di I. Consales, G. Scalessa, Roma: Aracne, 2011, pp. 255-266. ISBN: 978-88-548-4058-4
No full textIl saggio prende le mosse dal gioco evocativo offerto nel sonetto
Li bbattesimi de l’anticajje, in cui Belli associa il toponimo della tradizione
classica Colosseo, nella forma Culiseo con chiusura delle vocali in
protonia, all’irriverente accezione di ‘deretano’. Il ludismo costituisce
un caso esemplare di toponomastica allusiva che trae la sua origine dal
fenomeno della traslazione semantica. Il nome popolare dell’anfiteatro
Flavio si lega già in epoca medievale all’ampliamento di significato con
passaggio da nome proprio a nome comune, sebbene, inizialmente, con
l’assunzione di accezioni non lontane da quella primaria. Il notevole
spostamento semantico che collega il toponimo cittadino a un concetto
osceno è determinato da una relazione di tipo fonetico–trasparente che
fa perno su un nome “parlante” predisposto all’allusione. L’abbinamento
non è peregrino nella letteratura e nella cultura popolare italiane e in
area romana si mantiene vitale anche dopo il Belli
Sepsis associated encephalopathy
No full textA diffuse cerebral dysfunction is often present in sepsis and may ensue even before signs of other organ failure. This condition is better defined as "sepsis associated encephalopathy" (SAE), in order to stress the absence of direct infection of the central nervous system (CNS). The main sign of SAE is an altered mental status. Electroencephalography is the more sensitive diagnostic test, and allows the staging of the severity of cerebral dysfunction that is related to outcome. SAE is potentially reversible, but it always worsens the prognosis. The pathophysiology of SAE is not still completely understood, and it is probably multifactorial. Indeed, brain dysfunction in sepsis may be related to the action of microorganisms toxins, to the effects of inflammatory mediators, to metabolic alterations and to abnormalities in cerebral circulation. Up to date, a specific treatment for SAE does not exist and outcome relies upon prompt and appropriate treatment of sepsis and septic shock. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Bispectral index compared to Ramsay score for sedation monitoring in intensive care units
No full textAim. Continuous monitoring is of paramount importance in order to obtain a correct level of sedation in ICU patients. Clinical scoring systems, although simple and inexpensive, are often inadequate in evaluating the patient level of consciousness. Among instrumental tools for sedation monitoring, Bispectral Index (BIS) is now widely used due to its reliability and applicability. Nevertheless some doubts still exist regarding its usefulness in ICU. Methods. Sedation, obtained with propofol or midazolam, was monitored with Ramsay scale and BIS in 40 patients admitted in ICU for postoperative monitoring after major abdominal or vascular surgery. A correlation between Ramsay score and BIS values was searched using Pearson test. Results. A good correlation between Ramsay score and BIS values was observed. At the deeper levels of sedation a wide range of BIS values corresponds to Ramsay score 6, indicating various levels of central nervous system depression that are not identified by clinical evaluation. Conclusion. BIS monitoring is useful in ICU patients and allows a finest differentiation of sedation level in deeply sedated ICU patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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