1,721,364 research outputs found
Is the 'rational actor' a Calhounian?
No full textRational or Social Choice Theory is a growing Nobel Prize-winning field which seeks to apply the formal methods of neoclassical or micro-economics to the study of voting. Perhaps the field’s most striking finding is that majority voting is “irrational”, or highly likely to issue in outcomes that are mathematically arbitrary and dictatorial or imposed, while laissez-faire or approximately unanimous decision (minority veto) are found to be “rational” and “optimal”. Diverse observers have noticed the distinct resemblance of such “rational actor” models to the political theory of John C. Calhoun, the American antebellum Southern Senator (the “Doctrine of the Concurrent Majority”). Using the usual methods of traditional political theory, my work uncovers a paper trail of citation and discussion of minority veto versus majority rule that goes back from Rational Choice Theory to one Knut Wicksell, the great turn of the 20th century Swedish economist, and from there through John Stuart Mill and Thomas Hare back to Calhoun himself. The results of Rational Choice Theory are revealed to come from inherited ideas rather than from formal logical or mathematical methods. This result in turn suggests significant consequences for the methodology of economics in general as well as for the resultant public policy proposals, such as the Social Choice-inspired Balanced Budget Amendments, which would restrict majority control over taxation and fiscal policy, and which have been under discussion in America and Europe since the 1980'sPh. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Clement H. Kreider, II
Mrs. Clement H. Smith, Mar. 6, 1899
No full textDigital image was created by scanning UMBC-made prints from original Bullock glass negatives.Handwritten in ink in bottom left corner of verso: 84-01-167 'MRS. CLEMENT H. SMITH' MAR. 6, 1899 Handwritten in blue ink above previous: Aunt Mar
Mrs. Clement H. Smith, Mar. 6, 1899
No full textDigital image was created by scanning UMBC-made prints from original Bullock glass negatives.Handwritten in ink in bottom left corner of verso: 84-01-167 'MRS. CLEMENT H. SMITH' MAR. 6, 1899 Handwritten in blue ink above previous: Aunt Mar
Clement H. Smith, Mar. 6, 1899
No full textDigital image was created by scanning UMBC-made prints from original Bullock glass negatives.Handwritten in ink in center of verso: 513 Handwritten in ink in bottom left corner of verso: 84-01-166 'CLEMENT H. SMITH' MAR. 6, 1899 Handwritten in ink at right of verso: Uncle Clem & Aunt Mary Handwritten in blue in at bottom right of verso (above and below previous): --> lived in Claymont Delaware. Mary Emlen Smit
Clement H. Smith, Mar. 6, 1899
No full textDigital image was created by scanning UMBC-made prints from original Bullock glass negatives.Handwritten in ink in center of verso: 513 Handwritten in ink in bottom left corner of verso: 84-01-166 'CLEMENT H. SMITH' MAR. 6, 1899 Handwritten in ink at right of verso: Uncle Clem & Aunt Mary Handwritten in blue in at bottom right of verso (above and below previous): --> lived in Claymont Delaware. Mary Emlen Smit
Military strategy of the World War: the Eastern Front, staff presentation.
No full textThis was a presentation given at the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island, November 8, 1938; speaker was Colonel Clement H. Wright
Military strategy of the World War: the Western Front, staff presentation.
No full textThis was a presentation given at the Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island, November 7, 1938; speaker was Colonel Clement H. Wright. Conclusion: tactical operations should not be judged by their local results alone; rather, their effect upon the strategical conception of the plan of operations upon which they are based should indicate the measure of their failure or success
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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