1,720,961 research outputs found
Ammonium glycyrrhizinate prevents apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high glucose in SH-SY5Y cell line and counteracts neuropathic pain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
No full textGlycyrrhiza glabra, commonly known as liquorice, contains several bioactive compounds
such as flavonoids, sterols, triterpene, and saponins; among which, glycyrrhizic acid, an oleananetype saponin, is the most abundant component in liquorice root. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus, leading to painful condition as neuropathic
pain. The pathogenetic mechanism of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is very complex, and its
understanding could lead to a more suitable therapeutic strategy. In this work, we analyzed the
effects of ammonium glycyrrhizinate, a derivate salt of glycyrrhizic acid, on an in vitro system,
neuroblastoma cells line SH-SY5Y, and we observed that ammonium glycyrrhizinate was able to
prevent cytotoxic effect and mitochondrial fragmentation after high-glucose administration. In an
in vivo experiment, we found that a short-repeated treatment with ammonium glycyrrhizinate was
able to attenuate neuropathic hyperalgesia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. In conclusion,
our results showed that ammonium glycyrrhizinate could ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy,
counteracting both in vitro and in vivo effects induced by high glucose, and might represent a
complementary medicine for the clinical management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Curcumin-loaded Poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanovesicles induce antinociceptive effects after local administration in mice
No full textBoth acute and chronic pain are the most widespread medical issue strongly affecting people in terms of health
and quality of life. Unlike acute pain, chronic pain is a pathophysiological state arising from the alteration of the
peripheral and/or central nervous systems. It is frequently accompanied by the onset of hyperalgesia (increased
sensitivity to pain) and allodynia (painful sensation in response to usually innocuous stimuli). Pain is currently
treated with two major groups of analgesic drugs, namely non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and
opioids; their use is associated with important side effects, which include gastrointestinal lesions [1] and
nephrotoxicity [2]; in the case of NSAIDs, respiratory depression, tolerance and physical dependence for opioids
[3]. For this reason, there is growing interest for the identification of alternative therapeutic strategies.
Curcumin (1,7-Bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione) is a yellow polyphenol,
diferuloylmethane, extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa)[4]. The therapeutic properties of
curcumin are well known indeed possesses low intrinsic toxicity along with a wide range of pharmacological
activities that include antitumor, anti-amyloid, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities [5]. Antinociceptive
properties of curcumin have also been reported in preclinical studies [6], but its poor bioavaibility limits clinical
use as analgesic. Polymeric nanoparticle-based drug delivery is being increasingly investigated as a delivery
route able to overcome many obstacles associated with the delivery of free drugs. Recently, we investigated
the effects of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanovesicles (PLGA-CUR) administered via intravenous (i.v.) or intrathecal
(i.t.) routes in several experimental models of pain [7]. We found that i.v. or i.t. routes of administration of
PLGA-CUR nanoformulations were effective in reducing the nociception induced by chemical stimuli or after the
ligation of the sciatic nerve in mice [7]. In the present study, putative antinociceptive effects induced by CUR
and PLGA-CUR after local subcutaneous administration was investigated in two animal models of pain i.e. the
formalin test and the hyperalgesia induced by zymosan. We found PLGA-CUR vesicles able to reduce
nociception induced by chemical stimuli, whereas CUR alone induced only a transient but not significant
antinociceptive effects. These results obtained after acute subcutaneous local PLGA-CUR vesicles
administration, further suggest that PLGA-CUR formulation should be developed as a new potential drug in the
treatment of pain in humans.
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1. M. Sinha, L. Gautam, P.K. Shukla et al., Mediators Inflamm., 2013, 258209.
2. M. Musu, G. Finco, R. Antonucci et al., Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci, 2011, 15, 1461.
3. R. Benyamin, A.M. Trescot, S. Datta et al., Pain Physician, 2018, S105.
4. S.C. Gupta, G. Kismali, B.B. Aggarwal, Biofactors, 2013, 39, 2.
5. S. Sharma, S.K. Kulkarni, J.N. Agrewala et al., Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2006, 536, 256.
6. L. Allegri, F. Rosignolo,C. Mio et al., J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 2018, 144, 285.
7. S. Pieretti, A.P. Ranjan, A. Di Giannuario et al., Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2017, 158, 379
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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