1,720,985 research outputs found
Letter to the editor in response to “Medically-assisted procreation and the rise of off-center, new types of “parenthood”: It is incumbent upon lawmakers to intervene”
Full text linkThe present letter is meant as a response to the commentary titled “Medically-assisted procreation and the rise of off-center, new types of “parenthood”: it is incumbent upon lawmakers to intervene”, which was published in issue 4, 2019, of the La Clinica Terapeutica journal. Newly available reproductive techniques have given rise to new opportunities to fulfill one's wishes for parenthood. Such developments have caused procreation to be perceived as a right, intended as the right to «artificial» procreation. Not only do such trends impact those couples who travel abroad in order to have children through heterologous fertilization and surrogacy: singles and same-sex couples pursue those avenues as well in order to become parents. In the article which we are commenting upon, the author has perused the evolving jurisprudence on that subject, pointing out how necessary it is for lawmakers to step in and clearly define the rights of all parties involved, minors in particular
Post mortem determination of (β)-tryptase for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis: Looking for a reasonable cut-off
Full text linkAnaphylactic deaths represent a critical issue for forensic
pathologists and its post-mortem diagnosis requires several
steps in order to formulate a correct and reliable diagnosis,
which is not always reachable in a forensic setting. This is
the reason why, especially in deaths occurred out-of-hospital
or in an unclear accidental manner, reliable diagnostic methods to confirm or exclude anaphylaxis would be of great
value.
Mast cells are the main effectors of anaphylaxis, they are
present throughout the body, but more abundant in the skin
and around blood vessels, in the respiratory and intestinal
mucosa, and in connective tissue. The content of granules
contained into mast cells is excreted when these cells are
stimulated; one of the components stored in granules is the
neutral protease, tryptase. Tryptase exists in two isoforms,
α and β; α-tryptase is constantly secreted from mast cells
as an inactive pro-enzyme and it is used to quantify mast
cells, the other isoform, β-tryptase, is activated through two
proteolytic phases: the first phase occurs at acidic pH and
when heparin or dextran sulphate are present and it includes an autocatalytic intermolecular cleavage, generating a
monomer, significantly less active than the final tetramer.
In the second phase following the removal of the remaining
precursor dipeptide by dipeptidyl peptidase I, there will be
the formation of the active tetramer
Reflections concerning the legitimacy of animal testing [Réflexions sur la légitimité de l'expérimentation animale]
No full textAnimal testing is at the center of a bioethical and legislative debate. In recent years much has changed with respect to the regulation of the use of laboratory animals in medical tests. Recently, in Italy, the Council of State suspended a research project of two Italian universities (Turin and Parma) in which primates were used for experiments. The order is reasoned on the ground that the burden of proof as to the usefulness of the use of animals for laboratory tests is borne by the experimenter. Therefore, the use of animal testing is no longer considered a useful aprioristically. This order of the Council of State further fuels the already considerable medico-legal and bioethical debate on animal testing. The aim of this article is to encourage reflection on this subject.L’expérimentation animale est au centre d’un débat bioéthique et législatif. Ces
dernières années, beaucoup de choses ont changé en ce qui concerne la réglementation de
l’utilisation des animaux de laboratoire dans les tests médicaux. Récemment, en Italie, le
Conseil d’État a suspendu un projet de recherche de deux universités italiennes (Turin et Parme)
dans lequel des primates ont été utilisés pour des expériences. L’ordonnance est motivée au
motif que la charge de la preuve quant à l’utilité de l’utilisation d’animaux pour des test
Problemi medico legali connessi ai disastri aerei: metodologia operativa in tema di identificazione delle salme
No full textUna recente proposta di intervento normativo in tema di bioetica: l’avant-project francese sulle scienze della vita e sui diritti dell’uomo.
No full textGli Autori riportano il contenuto di un recente progetto di legge francese sulle "scienze della e vita e i dirtti dell'uomo", concernente temi di rilevante interesse etico e deontologico quali la ricerca in campo biomedico, le tecniche di procreazione artificiale, la sperimentazione ed i trapianti sull'uomo, la diagnostica prenatale e l'attività dei Comitati etici. L'interesse dell'argomento si desume anche nella prospettiva ormai imminente dell'Europa Comunitaria che, in campi così importanti, non potrà prescindere da una armonizzazione delle diverse normative nazionali. I contenuti del progetto di legge vengono, pertanto, analizzati anche con riferimento alla normativa italiana, peraltro, del tutto carente riguardo alle problematiche ora ricordate
La valutazione medico-legale del danno fisiognomico in responsabilità civile.
No full textGli Autori sottolineano l'importanza dell'autonoma valutazione delle menomazioni fisiognomiche. Considerano la necessità di un inquadramento del danno al patrimonio estetico individuale nell'ambito dei pregiudizi alla salute, tenendo presente l'opportunità di una differenziata valutazione in riferimento alla specifica capacità lucrativa del leso. Auspicano la necessità di riconsiderare i parametri valutativi ai fini di una maggior aderenza al mutato inquadramento dottrinario e giurisprudenziale del danno alla persona in responsabilità civile
La diagnosi anatomo ed istopatologica sul vivente e sul cadavere: risvolti medico legali ed assicurativi
No full textL’applicazione del metodo di Dahl sulle lesioni cutanee da arma da fuoco per lo studio della distanza di sparo.
No full textLa dimostrazione della presenza dei residui dell'innesco (Pb, Sb, Ba, Zn, Ti) sulla cute attinta da un colpo d'arma da fuoco, indica che il colpo è stato sparato da breve distanza. Nel presente lavoro gli Autori hanno applicato il metodo di Dahl che sfrutta la capacità dell'Alizarina Red S (ARS) di produrre precipitati di colore rosso rubino con il bario, su 105 lesioni cutanee da arma da fuoco con distanza dello sparo da 0 cm a più di un metro. I risultati ottenuti hanno dimostrato sia la specificità di questa tecnica, in quanto solo i colpi a contatto ed a breve distanza hanno reagito positivamente, sia la sua sensibilità, in quanto la reazione si è verificata anche in corrispondenza di isolati residui di innesco frammisti a singoli precipitati della carica di lancio
The introduction of a new diagnostic tool in forensic pathology: LiDAR sensor for 3D autopsy documentation
Full text linkAutopsy is a complex and unrepeatable procedure. It is essential to have the possi-bility of reviewing the autoptic findings, especially when it is done for medico-legal purposes. Traditional photography is not always adequate to record forensic practice since two-dimensional images could lead to distortion and misinterpretation. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of autoptic findings could be a new way to document the autopsy. Besides, nowadays, smartphones and tablets equipped with a LiDAR sensor make it extremely easy to elaborate a 3D model directly in the autopsy room. Herein, a quality and trustworthiness evaluation of 3D models obtained during ten autopsies is made comparing 3D models and conventional autopsy photographic records. Three-dimensional models were realistic and accurate and allowed precise measurements. The review of the autoptic report was facilitated by the 3D model. Conclusions: The LiDAR sensor and 3D models have been demonstrated to be a valid tool to introduce some kind of reproducibility into the autoptic practice
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