1,721,101 research outputs found
Nail Damage (Severe Onychodystrophy) Induced by Acrylate Glue: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Investigations
No full textScanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques have been used in various fields of medical research, including different pathologies of the nails; however, no studies have focused on obtaining high-resolution microscopic images and elemental analysis of disorders caused by synthetic nails and acrylic adhesives.
METHODS:
Damaged/injured fingernails caused by the use of acrylate glue and synthetic nails were investigated using SEM and EDX methods.
RESULTS:
SEM and EDX proved that synthetic nails, acrylic glue, and nails damaged by contact with acrylate glue have a different morphology and different composition compared to healthy human nails.
CONCLUSIONS:
SEM and EDX analysis can give useful information about the aspects of topography (surface sample), morphology (shape and size), hardness or reflectivity, and the elemental composition of nail
Immune System Links Psoriasis-Mediated Inflammation to Cardiovascular Diseases via Traditional and Non-Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Get PDFcular diseases though the reasons are not clear. Here we discuss the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis and of the proinflammatory status in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis diseases. Methods. We performed a Pubmed query covering publications within the last ten years including epidemiological studies, cross-sectional case-control studies, and reviews. Articles were selected according critical associations using arthritis, immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, and psoriasis as key fields. These were crossed and combined with atherogenesis, endothelial dysfunction, intima-media thickness, subclinical atherosclerosis, plaque, thrombosis, thrombus, fibrinolysis, coagulation, and reactive oxygen species, all closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Both types of disease selected terms were separately combined with cardiovascular risk factors both non-traditional (innate and adaptive pro- and anti-inflammatory immune molecules and cells), and traditional (metabolic conditions and related molecules). Results and conclusions. Immune-activated crossroads came out as the main contributors to proatherogenic inflammation in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis disease. Traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors´ interactions result from an active cross-talk between proatherogenic mediators derived from metabolic, vascular and autoimmune joint and skin inflammation in target tissues. Consistently, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis diseases offer an invaluable scenario to deepen our knowledge on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.Fil: Kolliker Frers, Rodolfo Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Otero-losada, Matilde Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Cardiológicas; ArgentinaFil: Kersberg, E.. No especifíca;Fil: Cosentino, Vanesa. No especifíca;Fil: Capani, Francisco. Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Secretaría de Investigación. Centro de Altos Estudios En Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud - Sede Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Optimization of provocation tests in drug allergy
No full textL’hypersensibilité incluant les allergies médicamenteuses est un des multiples effets secondaires médicamenteux. On note à la fois un sous-diagnostic de ces hypersensibilités, par non-déclaration des cas les plus bénins, et un sur-diagnostic, par utilisation systématique du terme « allergie » devant des symptômes survenant au cours d’un traitement. Un faux diagnostic d’allergie fondé exclusivement sur l’histoire clinique peut limiter les indications thérapeutiques chez les patients et conduire à une perte de chance par l’utilisation de médicaments moins efficaces, plus dangereux ou plus coûteux. De plus, une allergie à un médicament peut laisser penser que le patient est allergique à tous les médicaments de la même classe. Le test de provocation (TP) est considéré le « gold standard » pour identifier un médicament responsable d’une hypersensibilité médicamenteuse. Ce travail s’inscrit dans une démarche d’optimisation des TP basée sur les preuves, visant à la fois la satisfaction du patient et les coûts engendrés, tout en préservant la sécurité des tests. J’ai utilisé l’expérience de 20 ans recensée dans la base d’allergies médicamenteuses, DAHD (Drug Allergy and Hypersensitivity Database), j’ai exploité rétrospectivement les données cliniques, recensé les cas présents dans la base pour en extraire les TP positifs et j’ai réalisé une analyse de survie pour passer des protocoles de TP aux anti-inflammatoire non-stéroïdiens (AINS) d’une étape avec paliers purement empiriques, à un protocole basé sur des données (Article 1) en tenant compte des spécificités liées à ces médicaments (multitude de molécules impliquées, chacune avec un pouvoir hypersensibilisant clairement différent). Avec les conclusions obtenues pour ce premier travail, pour mon deuxième papier, j’ai repris des données brutes déjà existantes liées à l’expérience de l’équipe pour les hypersensibilités au paracétamol, et en suivant la même méthodologie, j’ai proposé des paliers optimaux raccourcis pour le TP au paracétamol (en surlignant la particularité de l’hypersensibilité aux AINS versus paracétamol) (Article 2) en appuyant sur les facteurs de risques pour un TP positif.Drug hypersensitivity (DH) including drug allergies is one of the many side effects of medications. The knowledge on DH is both influenced by an under-diagnosis (the non-reporting of the mildest cases) and over-diagnosis, by systematic use of the term "allergy" to symptoms occurring during a course of treatment, whether they are actually evocative of DH or not. A false diagnosis of DH based solely on clinical history may limit the therapeutic indications in patients and lead to a loss of chance through the use of less effective, more dangerous or more expensive drugs. The drug provocation test (DPT) is considered to be the "gold standard" to identify a drug responsible for DH. This work uses an original methodology for the DH field and is part of an evidence-based approach to achieve the optimization of DPT, aimed to both increase patient satisfaction and diminish the costs incurred by the allergy work-up, while preserving the DPT’s safety. I used the 20-year experience in the DAHD, the Drug Allergy and Hypersensitivity Database of the Allergy Unit in Montpellier, France, to retrospectively assess the clinical data, identify cases and extract positive DPT to NSAIDs. I then performed on these positive DPT a survival analysis in order to pass protocols from a stage with purely empirical increments of doses, to data-driven protocols (Article 1) taking into account the specificities related to these drugs (e.g., multitude of molecules involved, each with a clearly different hypersensitive potential). With the conclusions obtained for this first work, for my second paper, I took over already existing raw data related to the team's experience with paracetamol HS, and following a similar methodology, I proposed optimized, shortened thresholds for paracetamol DPT (Article 2)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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