105 research outputs found
Digitalization for Optimization : Smart Grid operations in Finland
Get PDFThe following thesis examines the application of digitalized smart grid platforms for optimization in a utility network in Finland. The aim of the thesis is to assess and establish the usefulness of digitalization in a smart grid infrastructure that can provide optimization and economic value for electricity production, distribution, and consumption
A robust inclusion and exclusion criterion concerning age, relevance, language, information type, accessibility, and accountability was applied to pick 81 sources within the fields of engineering and economics. Databases such as Web of Science to find peer-author reviews, and Theseus to find thesis material relevant to Finland were utilized. Additional sources include ResearchGate, InTech Open, Google Scholar, and Google web searches.
The review indicated that digitalization assisted and improved on the mechanisms vital to the operation of the Finnish smart grid. However, a lack of government incentive and current economic need by both electricity producers and consumers has encouraged a mindset of sufficiency. Nevertheless, digitalization improvements such as AMIs, ADMS, or ANN can offer technical and economic value to the current smart grid. A future smart grid in Finland will see increased DSM due to increased intermittency and dispatching challenges from renewable resources, that are replacing fossil fuels. Increasing energy demands in Finland can encourage prosumer connected EV charging stations as more consumers are switching to PHEVs or BEVs. Furthermore, smart grid security can be further guaranteed by creating a secure network comprising of various defence techniques for protection against attacks on both the digital and human architecture working for a smarter grid.Examensarbetet undersöker tillämpningen av digitaliserade, smart grid, plattformar för optimering i ett nätverk i Finland. Syftet med examensarbetet var att utvärdera och fastställa användbarheten av digitalisering i en smart nätinfrastruktur som kan ge optimering och ekonomiskt värde för elproduktion, distribution och konsumtion.
Ett robust kriterium för inkludering och uteslutning i fråga om ålder, relevans, språk, informationstyp, tillgänglighet och ansvarsskyldighet tillämpades för att välja 81 källor inom områdena teknik och ekonomi. Databaser som Web of Science och Theseus, och källor som ResearchGate, InTech Open, Google Scholar och Google sökningar användes.
Granskningen visade att digitaliseringen hjälpte till och förbättrade mekanismerna som är avgörande för driften av det finländska smart grid. En brist på statligt incitament och nuvarande ekonomiska behov från elproducenter och konsumenter har uppmuntrat ett tankesätt av tillräcklighet. Ändå kan digitaliseringsförbättringar som AMI:er, ADMS eller ANN erbjuda det nuvarande smart grid tekniskt och ekonomiskt värde. Ett framtida smart grid i Finland kommer att leda till ökad parallelhantering av DSM på grund av ökade utmaningar för intermittens och avsändande från förnybara resurser som ersätter fossila bränslen. Ökade energibehov i Finland kan uppmuntra prosumeranslutna EVladdningsstationer i takt med att fler konsumenter byter till PHEV eller BEV. Vidare kan smart nätverkssäkerhet garanteras genom att skapa ett säkert nätverk som består av olika försvarstekniker för skydd mot attacker på både den digitala och mänskliga struktur som arbetar för ett smartare nät
Characterization of pharmaceutical bilayer tablets: a fracture mechanics approach
No full textBilayer tablets are generating great interest recently in the pharmaceutical industry as they offer several advantages over conventional single layer tablets. However, the production of bilayer tablets has been facing great difficulties as the layered tablets are prone to delaminate at the interface and fracture in the individual layers due to insufficient bonding strength. Poor product performance is a cause of great concern as it will incur financial loses and regulatory liabilities. In the pharmaceutical industry the process of bilayer design has been heavily dependent on the trial-and-error approach during the formulation and process development stages. To overcome this hurdle it is critical to understand the mechanical properties of the materials and to develop a methodology for the characterization of bilayer tablets. The work presented in this dissertation will focus on gaining the mechanistic understanding on the factors that impact the performance of the bilayer tablets. A methodology has been developed based on the principles of fracture mechanics for the characterization of bilayer tablets. As part of this endeavor, interfacial stress intensity was estimated. To understand the impact of manufacturing process parameters and environmental conditions on the bonding strength of bilayer tablets a comprehensive DOE has been executed to obtain statistical trends. Results indicated that material properties, compaction forces of the layers and interfacial topography have a strong influence on the strength of bilayer tablets. Strength of bilayer tablets increased with the increase of interfacial roughness and curvature. Physico-mechanical properties of the powders, deformation histories of the layers, and compression process parameters greatly influenced the interfacial stress intensity factor of the bilayer tablets. For the bilayer tablets made with plastic material in the first layer, the stress intensity factor is more dependent on interfacial radius of curvature than on interfacial roughness and vice versa in the case of bilayer tablets made with brittle material in the first layer. The mechanistic understanding and the methodology developed for the characterization of the bilayer tablets in this dissertation will enable to move away from the existing “trial-and-error” approach during the design and development of bilayer tablets. The new paradigm of bilayer tablet development will incorporate the principles of the quality by design by leveraging the prior knowledge.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Niranjan K. Kottal
The relevance of value-at-risk disclosures: evidence from the LTCM crisis
No full textPurpose – Previous studies have established that the failure of the hedge fund, long-term capital management (LTCM), was associated with significant negative abnormal returns for many US banks, especially around September 2, 1998, when LTCM announced its failure. This study attempts to examine whether bank value-at-risk (VaR) disclosures were used by investors to assess the potential trading loss that a bank could suffer at that time. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines whether there was any association between disclosed VaR and the magnitude of abnormal returns and trading volume surrounding the announcement date. Findings – The results indicate that there was no such association which suggests that investors did not use the VaR information to assess the potential trading losses of exposed banks. Banks that formed part of the LTCM bailout consortium and those with larger amounts of notional derivatives faced the largest negative reaction at the time of the failure announcement. Originality/value – VaR disclosures are costly to prepare and complex to interpret. The study finds no benefits of VaR disclosures to bank investors.Capital, Disclosure, Value analysis
Recommended from our members
Adverse selection costs and the dealers' bid-ask spread around earnings announcements : differential information and signal quality.
Get PDFManagementDoctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.
External Debt and Capital Flight in the Indian Economy
No full textThis paper estimates Indian capital flight at US 448 billion real external debt disbursed to the country over the same time period. There is also evidence of a strong year-to-year correlation between debt inflows and flight-capital outflows. The paper explores the nature of this association between capital flight and external debt in the Indian economy. An analysis by Boyce (1992, World Development, 20, pp. 335-349) for the Philippines revealed the presence of contemporaneous bi-directional causality, in other words, a financial revolving door relationship between external debt and capital flight in that economy. The research question addressed by this paper is whether such a financial revolving door relationship exists in India, given its higher level of external indebtedness and lower debt-to-GNP ratio as compared with the Philippines. Utilizing a simultaneous equation model to examine the association between capital flight and external debt in the Indian economy, the paper confirms the existence of a financial revolving door relationship between the two endogenous variables.
Do public governance and the depth of financial intermediation impact the entrepreneurship growth relationship?
No full text
Institutional quality, knowledge spillovers and entrepreneurship
No full textWe examine the impact of institutional quality on early stage and formal entrepreneurial activity and on knowledge spillovers. We use four institutional variables – the protection of property rights, business freedom, financial depth, and corruption as proxies for institutional quality. Results suggest that financial institutions matter for formal and early-stage entrepreneurship. Corruption deters formal entrepreneurship, but the presence of corrupt institutions positively influences the conversion of early-stage entrepreneurial entities into formal business ventures. The presence of scientific knowledge in the public domain encourages the knowledge spillover process to early stage entrepreneurs but is retarded by a strong legal and regulatory environment.entrepreneurship; institutional quality; knowledge spillovers; early stage entrepreneurial activity; formal entrepreneurial activity; institutional variables; rights protection; property rights; business freedom; financial depth; corruption; financial institutions; corrupt institutions; entrepreneurial entities; business ventures; scientific knowledge; public domain; entrepreneurs; legal environments; regulatory environments; economic policies; emerging economies; international development.
- …
