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“Real Rights of Realisation”
Get PDFThe article examines the main legal issues regarding the real rights of realisation according to the Georgian law. The 1st part of the paperis dedicated to the pledge as a security right (the means of security of an obligation) on movables and transferable intangible property, bywhich the pledgee shall be entitled to satisfy his claim from the object of pledge in preference to the other creditors of the debtor. Accordingto manner of creation there are 2 kinds of pledge: legal pledge and contractual pledge.The 2nd part of the research is dedicated to the mortgage. Like pledge, mortgage is the means of security of an obligation, by which themortgagee shall be entitled to satisfy his claim from the object of mortgage in preference to the other creditors of the debtor. However,unlike pledge, the objects of mortgage are the immovable property as well as the rights (real rights) that are connected with the ownershipof a plot of land (for instance, superficies, usufruct); furthermore, mortgaging is not related with transfer of the object of mortgage intothe mortgagee’s possession, which enables the debtor (the owner) to use it
General Overview of the Real Rights of Use under the Georgian Property Law
Get PDFThis article examines in short the real rights of use – superficies, easements and usufruct under the Georgian law. According tothe Civil Code of Georgia, real rights of use entitle a person to use the immovable property in different ways: in case of superficiesa person has the hereditary and transferable right to erect on or beneath the other person’s plot of land a construction;praedial easement is a real right which entitles the owner of a plot of land, to use the other person’s plot of land within certainlimits; usufruct means the right to use the immovable property like its owner excluding third persons from its use without theright to alienate, mortgage or transfer this immovable property by inheritance
Termination of the Contract and Obligation in General
Get PDFThe article briefly examines the main legal issues regarding the grounds for termination of an obligation under the Georgianlaw. In addition to the performance of the obligation, the Civil Code of Georgia and the Georgian legal theory, on the basis of theGerman Civil Code and the German legal science provide other grounds for termination of the obligation, namely, novation, deposit,set-off, remission of debt, confusion, death of debtor or creditor and winding-up of a legal person, impossibility, frustration
Acquiring and Loss of the Ownership on Things
Get PDFIn this paper we have examined the main legal issues regarding the acquiring and loss of the ownership on movable and immovable things according to the Georgian law. 1st part of the paper is dedicated to the procedures of acquiring and loss of the ownership on immovable things. In particular, according to the Article 183 of the Civil Code of Georgia, in order to acquire the ownership on the immovables the existence of two elements is required: 1) the written agreement between the parties and 2) registration of the acquirer as an owner in the Public Registry. For the abandonment of the ownership on the immovables a declaration of the owner on the abandonment of the ownership and registration thereof in the Public Registry are required. The 2 part of the paper is dedicated to the procedures of acquiring and loss of the ownership on movable things. In particular, acquire of the ownership on movables is possible by several ways, which are the cases of acquisitions on the basis of a transaction, law and an act of the administrative body. Loss of the ownership on movables takes place on the basis of a transaction, by abandonment of ownership and destruction
General overview of the transactions under the Georgian civil law
Get PDFThis article examines in short the transactions (legal acts) under the Georgian law. According to the Civil Code of Georgia, the subjects of private law satisfy their property, personal or other kinds of interests by means of actions (inactions). If such actions (inactions) which consist RIGHFODUDWLRQVRILQWHQWLRQRIDSHUVRQUHVXOWLQWKHOHJDOHIIHFW±LHDULVLQJPRGL¿FDWLRQRUWHUPLQDWLRQRIDOHJDOUHODWLRQVKLSWKH\DUHFRQ- sidered as transactions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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