170,659 research outputs found
Cattell's 16 PF and PSY inventory: relationship between personality traits and behavioral responses in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
No full textBonaguidi F, Michelassi C, Trivella MG, Carpeggiani C, Pruneti CA, Cesana G, L'Abbate A
Cattell's 16 PF and PSY inventory: relationship between personality traits and behavioral responses in patients with acute myocardial infarction. [Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't]
Psychol Rep 1996 Apr; 78(2):691-702.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between personality and behavioral responses in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In a first step, a new instrument (PSY Inventory) for assessment of six behavioral characteristics (Sense of Responsibility, Energy and Competitiveness, Obsessive Behavior, Anger and Hostility, Stress-related Disturbances, Time Urgency) was developed by using factor analysis on intercorrelations of responses from 524 subjects of the general population. Internal consistency reliability for each of the PSY subscales was estimated by Cronbach alpha coefficients. In a second step, the PSY Inventory was administered with the Cattell 16 PF Questionnaire to 838 patients affected by acute myocardial infarction. Significant correlations although relatively low in magnitude for PSY Inventory subscales and certain scales of the Cattell 16 PF were found. With factor analysis on 22 variables (including the six PSY Inventory subscales and the 16 scales of the Cattell 16 PF), five second-order factors were identified, namely, Extraversion, Neurotic Anxiety, Superego Strength, Pathemia, and Neurotic Hostility. While a Pathemia Factor (characterized by sensitivity, imagination, and self-sufficiency) was factorially independent of scales of the PSY Inventory, Extraversion, Neurotic Anxiety, Superego Strength, and Neurotic Hostility Factors were composed of the PSY Inventory scales and Cattell 16 PF scales combined. These relationships would reflect the concordance of internal constructs for behavioral measures of the PSY Inventory and those of personality traits of the 16 PF Questionnaire in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Cardiovascular risk as a paradigm of the negative consequences of stress at work: A large amount of data and huge problems
No full textThe relation between stress and coronary diseases is controversial. Both positive and null or negative results are equally obtained. An explanation of this can be that the most widely used stress questionnaires are not able to collect all the factors that constitute stress perception. Indeed, from a clinical and experimental perspective, the stress/coronary diseases relation is evident. More consistent results are obtained between coronary diseases and socio-economic status. In order to cover all the social factors and describe them better, a new, purely theoretical contribution is then introduced: social capital. This is a more sophisticated version of social cohesion, social integration and social support. Finally, for the future, the interdisciplinary method is recommended for health surveillance in the workplace
Comment on Cesana-Arlotti et al. (2018)
No full textThe origins of logical concepts is one of the central topics in cognitive science. Cesana-Arlotti and colleagues provide novel eye-tracking measures from preverbal infants compatible with
disjunctive reasoning. However, the evidence is not conclusive. We provide a simpler object tracking account that would produce the same processing signatures. Future research must make a priori predictions that distinguish these accounts
Periodici bibliografici tra passato e futuro / Bibliographical journals between past and future/ Atti del convegno internazionale / International Conference Proceedings, (Bologna, Biblioteca Universitaria, 22-23 febbraio 2018) a cura di / edited by Roberta Cesana e Fiammetta Sabba - cura redazionale / editorial care Enrico Pio Ardolino
No full textIn questo numero la rivista «Bibliothecae.it» si offre come sede di pubblicazione degli atti del convegno internazionale Periodici bibliografici tra passato e futuro che si è tenuto presso la Biblioteca Universitaria di Bologna nelle giornate del 22 e 23 febbraio 2018. Studiosi italiani e stranieri sono intervenuti per approfondire in modo organico la conoscenza del periodico bibliografico come genere, sia da un punto di vista storico, con attenzione alle sue declinazioni e implicazioni letterarie, bibliografiche, editoriali e biblioteconomiche, sia da un punto di vista professionale, con riguardo alle sue manifestazioni attuali e ai suoi risvolti pubblicistici, scientifici, economici e commerciali.In this issue the journal "Bibliothecae.it" is offered as the venue for the publication of the proceedings of the international conference "Bibliographical Journals between past and future" that took place at the University Library of Bologna on 22-23 February 2018. Italian scholars and foreigners have intervened to deepen the knowledge of the periodical bibliography as a genre in an organic way, both from a historical point of view, with attention to its declinations and literary implications, bibliographies, editorials and librarians, both from a professional point of view, with regard to its current manifestations and its public, scienti fi c, economic and commercial aspects
Ocular presentation and successful outcome of invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis in acute myelogenous leukemia
No full textWe report the case of a 73-year-old male with acute myelogenous leukemia, who progressively developed a cavernous sinus syndrome during the aplastic phase after induction chemotherapy. Although the clinical, serological and radiological findings suggested an invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis, endoscopic ethmoido-sphenoidectomy allowed definitive diagnosis of the infection. After surgery, fungal eradication and reversal of the neurophtalmological damage paralleled complete hematologic remission. The differential diagnoses of the patient ocular symptoms are discussed. Early recognition, prompt intervention and immunologic reconstitution are essential for successful outcome of paranasal mycoses in immunosuppressed patients. ©1998, Ferrata Storti Foundation Key words: acute myelogenous leukemia, fungal infection, invasive sphenoid sinus Aspergillosis, ophthalmoplegia A 73-year-old white male was referred to the neuro-ophthalmology service of our hospital in late November 1997 for unexplained painless visual loss in the left eye first noticed on wakening in the morning. The patient had a long history of hypertensive heart disease which was managed with captopril and hydrochlorothiazide. There was no history of malignancy, diabetes or coagulopathy. Visual acuity in the left eye was 20/100. Cranial nerve testing was normal except for a 2+ afferent pupillary defect on the left side. Slit lamp examination revealed a mild nuclear cataract. Funduscopic exam evidenced a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in the left eye with diffuse hemorrages at the posterior pole. Routine screening exams showed a pancytopenia with the following values: white blood cell (WBC) count 0.9ϫ10 9 /L (neutrophils 20%, lymphocytes 76%, monocytes 4%), red blood cell count 2.48ϫ10 12 /L, hemoglobin 7.6 g/dL, platelet count 99ϫ10 9 /L. Blood chemistry values were within normal range. Coagulation tests were normal. The patient was admitted to the Hematology Department. On admission his temperature was 36.6°C, blood pressure 140/80 mmHg and heart rate 84 bpm. Physical examination was normal except for pallor and liver enlargement. Bone marrow (BM) aspirate showed trilineage dysplasia with 40% myeloblasts immunophenotypically CD43 + , CD33 + , CD11c + , and HLA-DR + . Cytogenetic studies on BM blood showed a 45,XY,del(6)(q16),-7 karyotype in 19/21 Q-banded metaphases analyzed. Chest X-ray was negative. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed a mild hepatomegaly. The patient was diagnosed as having acute myelogenous leukemia, type M2 according to FAB criteria. Induction chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside (200 mg/m 2 i.v. for 5 days) and mitoxantrone (12 mg/m 2 i.v. for 1 day) was started. Antibacterial and antifungal oral prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice a day and fluconazole 100 mg daily was associated with inhaled amphotericin B 15 mg twice a day. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings and treatment are reported in During the third week, the patient complained of left frontal and periocular pain with occipital irradiation. A neurological consultation confirmed trigeminal neuralgia in V 1 and V 2 . Ophthalmologic slitlamp examination was unremarkable. Intra-ocular pressure was within normal limits. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 28 mm/h. The most common ocular causes (acute glaucoma, uveitis) potentially responsible for the referred symptomatology were therefore excluded. A negative clinical history and the normal ESR made temporal arteritis unlikely. The absence of previous similar symptoms and old age excluded a cluster headache. Since the fever persisted, fluconazole was empirically replaced by oral itraconazole 600 mg daily. Seven days later the patient developed left ptosis due to partial III nerve ophthalmoplegia which became complete during the following 24 hours, with involvement of the ipsilateral IV and VI cranial nerves. © F e r r a t a S t o r t i F o u n d a t i o
Reducing weight in an internal medicine outpatient clinic using a lifestyle medicine approach : a proof of concept
No full textBackground Chronic non-communicable diseases represent the major drivers of disease burden, being responsible for the majority of health care cost and deaths. Almost half of premature deaths is due to behaviors amenable to change. Accordingly, addressing behavior might represent a strategic change in the health delivery system. Improving lifestyle requires a specific strategy embedding the active collaboration of individuals with a multilevel team-oriented medical practice. With the present study we sought to assess whether the implementation of cognitive-behavioral strategies, following the principles of lifestyle medicine in an outpatient clinic provides better results in weight reduction as compared to simpler strategies as presently executed in General Practitioners' offices. Methods This is an observational study on 173 subjects (age 53.1 ± 11.5), comparing three different groups of preventive practice: a personalized lifestyle medicine, combining cognitive behavioral strategies with patient tailored prescription of exercise and nutrition (Group A); a semi-structured approach with generic counseling (Group B); and an unstructured advice (Group C). Results At the end of the intervention period (17-20 months), group A showed an average weight loss of 5.4 ± 5.1 kg, which was significantly (p < 0.001)more than observed in group B (2.8 ± 5.1 kg) and group C (1.2 ± 4.8 kg). Likewise BMI and waist were progressively more reduced from A to C. Conclusions It is possible to implement preventive cognitive-behavioral lifestyle strategies in outpatient internal medicine clinics. This methodology appears more efficacious in inducing weight reduction after more than a year as compared to usual family medicine approaches
[Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease among those of working age]
No full textCardiovascular mortality from the second half of 1970's has progressively decreased in Italy, in particular in the northern regions, in relation to the reduction of coronary mortality and cerebral-vascular incidents
Rufloxacin once daily versus ofloxacin twice daily for treatment of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections. Italian Multicentre UTI Rufloxacin Group
No full textThe efficacy and safety of rufloxacin once daily was compared with that of ofloxacin b.i.d. for therapy of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections. Eighty-three patients were randomly assigned to receive rufloxacin as a loading dose of 400 mg on the first day, followed by 200 mg s.i.d., and 80 received ofloxacin 300 mg b.i.d. Both agents were administered orally for a median duration of eight days. Bacterial elimination rates after treatment were 90% for rufloxacin and 81% for ofloxacin. Half of the treatment failures occurred in patients with infections caused by uropathogens that became either less sensitive or resistant to the quinolones being studied. At a two-week follow-up, recurrences had not occurred in any of the rufloxacin patients and had occurred in 17% of the ofloxacin patients. Minor adverse reactions were reported by 12 and 13 patients, respectively. Rufloxacin once daily is as effective as ofloxacin b.i.d. for the treatment of complicated cystitis and upper urinary tract infections
Occupational stress : risk assessment and fitness for work
No full textThe multidimensional and multifaceted aspects of the problem render the role and activity of the Occupational Health Physician (OHP) extremely complex and delicate, as both appraisal and implications cover a number of different domains (psychology, physiology, sociology, economy, work organisation and law), both in terms of risk assessment and stress evaluation, at collective and individual level. In this context, it is not only important to quantify the external work load, but mainly the individual response, which in most cases is the crucial factor of the imbalance: that is, risk assessment has to be made more in relative terms rather than according to absolute criteria, and not only from the perspective of medical surveillance, but above all from that of risk prevention. When a health disability potentially connected to stress has to be assessed, there are three steps: a) stress exposure must be clearly assessed, both directly and indirectly; b) disease must be clearly identified; c) the biological plausibility of the relationship between stress and disease must be carefully checked, taking into account that stress disorders are typically psychosomatic and multi-causal. Consequently, cooperation with a psychologist and an accurate psycho-diagnostic approach are necessary, as well as consultation with other specialists and pertinent laboratory and instrumental tests
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