1,721,082 research outputs found
More Wake, Less Stroke
No full textComment on
Identification of Sleep-Modulated Pathways Involved in Neuroprotection from Strok
Cold is hot for slowing aging
No full textHrvatin and colleagues explore the antiaging mechanisms of torpor, and separate the roles of metabolic rate and body temperature. The study demonstrates that hypothermia, and not hypometabolism, drives deceleration of epigenetic aging, which positions body temperature as a pivotal target in aging research
Torpor: A whole-brain view of the underlying neural network
No full textTorpor is a physiological state with substantial translational implications. In recent years, several brain regions responsible for controlling torpor have been pinpointed. The latest research, employing comprehensive whole-brain anatomical analysis, offers insights into a broader network responsible for regulating torpor
In Silico Medicine: The Practitioners’ Points of View
Full text linkIn this article, which is assembled from interviews, the main issues of in silicomedicine, present and future, are discussed by three scientists who are directly involved in the implementation and development of in silicotechnique
The Ethical Ghosts in the Brain: Testing the Relationship between Consciousness and Responsibility in the Special Case of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
No full textIn this paper, I would like to evaluate whether actions performed during an episode of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) can be subjected to ethical judgment as if they were performed during wakefulness. First, I will introduce the neurophysiological concepts on which I will base my argument: 1) the physiology of the sleep-wake cycle, of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep; 2) the Integrated Information Theory of consciousness (IIT); 3) the regulation of motor control during REM sleep, and, in particular, the muscle atonia that characterizes REM sleep; 4) sleep-related motor disorders, and in particular RBD
REM Sleep and Endothermy: Potential Sites and Mechanism of a Reciprocal Interference
Full text linkNumerous data show a reciprocal interaction between REM sleep and thermoregulation. During REM sleep, the function of thermoregulation appears to be impaired; from the other hand, the tonic activation of thermogenesis, such as during cold exposure, suppresses REM sleep occurrence. Recently, both the central neural network controlling REM sleep and the central neural network controlling thermoregulation have been progressively unraveled. Thermoregulation was shown to be controlled by a central "core" circuit, responsible for the maintenance of body temperature, modulated by a set of accessory areas. REM sleep was suggested to be controlled by a group of hypothalamic neurons overlooking at the REM sleep generating circuits within the brainstem. The two networks overlap in a few areas, and in this review, we will suggest that in such overlap may reside the explanation of the reciprocal interaction between REM sleep and thermoregulation. Considering the peculiar modulation of thermoregulation by REM sleep the result of their coincidental evolution, REM sleep may therefore be seen as a period of transient heterothermy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
