1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Libertà di stabilimento e libertà di prestazione di servizi: profili tecnici e operativi
No full textIl contributo analizza l'evoluzione della libertà di stabilimento e della libertà di prestazione di servizi all'interno dell'Unione europea, sia attraverso la normativa unionale sia attraverso le pronunce della Corte di giustizia, approfondendo in particolare gli aspetti tecnici e operativi legati all'applicazione delle due libertà
Impairment of spermatogenesis and enhancement of testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by exogenous all-trans-retinoic acid in adult lizard Podarcis sicula
No full textIn mammals retinoic acid is involved in the regulation of testicular function by interaction with two families of nuclear receptors, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor (RXR), each with three isoforms , , and . In this paper we focused our attention on lizard Podarcis sicula in order to evaluate the effect of exogenous all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) on spermatogenesis of a non-mammalian seasonal reproducer. atRA or atRA plus testosterone (atRA+T) were injected intraperitoneally every day for a time of 15 days, and the effects on spermatogenetic cells were compared with controls (saline or testosterone injected). In atRA-treated lizards seminiferous tubules were markedly reduced in cross-area due to collapse of seminiferous epithelium, which showed a variety of cellular damage ranging from sensible reduction in the number of germ cells to disruption in normal epithelial organization. In atRA+T-treated lizards the loss of germinal cells achieved was significantly less than that after atRA treatment. The loss of germ cells observed in both experimental groups results from an induction of apoptotic process, as revealed by TUNEL analysis. Although in low numbers, apoptotic germ cells were also observed in the control groups (saline- and T-treated lizard), where the main germ cells undergoing apoptosis are primary spermatocytes (most frequent) and some spermatogonia.
Furthermore, using Northern blot cDNA hybridization we verified that lizard testicular cells express only RAR(3.7 kb) and RAR (3.4 kb) mRNAs, among RAR isoforms.
In conclusion, the results presented here show that in lizard retinoic acid has deleterious effect on spermatogenesis determining a severe depletion of seminiferous epithelium, probably via induction of apoptotic processes. These effects are not completely inhibited by simultaneous administration of testosterone, although this hormone once injected is able to stimulate spermatogenesis and protect germinal cells from apoptotic cell death
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Appalti e normativa antinfortunistica
No full textIl contributo analizza gli obblighi prevenzionistici, derivanti dal combinato disposto dell’art. 2087 c.c. e del d.lgs. 81/2008, in base ai quali è prevista, nel caso del contratto di appalto, subappalto e, più in generale nelle esternalizzazioni, la collaborazione di più agenti che devono farsi garanti, ciascuno per le proprie competenze e responsabilità, della tutela dell’integrità dei lavoratori coinvolti nell’attività produttiva. Nel sistema così concepito si pone la necessità di individuare e definire la responsabilità incombente sul committente in materia di sicurezza sul lavoro, e di accertare la ricorrenza, i limiti e le condizioni delle responsabilità che gravano anche sull'appaltatore. L’analisi viene condotta anche alla luce dei più recenti approdi giurisprudenziali.The essay analyzes the prevention obligations deriving from the combined provisions of the art. 2087 c.c. and Legislative Decree 81/2008, on the basis of which, in the case of procurement contracts, subcontracting and, more generally in outsourcing, the collaboration of several agents who must act as guarantors, each for their own skills and responsibilities , the protection of the integrity of the workers involved in the production activity. In the system thus conceived, there is the need to identify and define the responsibility incumbent on the client in matters of safety at work, and to ascertain the recurrence, limits and conditions of the responsibilities which also weigh on the contractor. The analysis is also conducted in light of the most recent jurisprudential developments
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