1,721,189 research outputs found
Paranoia in the "Normal" Population
No full textThis book reviews the dimensional conceptualization of persecutory delusion in the attempt to elucidate the transition from suspicious thinking to clinically relevant paranoia. A better understanding of psychosis may take advantage from the study of non-clinical population; to this aim this book's chapters review recent research work and theoretical framework used for interpretation. Current epidemiological investigations on psychotic features in the general population are summarized, and the findings are framed using the dimensional and quasi-dimensional models of psychotic symptoms distribution. Finally, the concept of paranoia as a general
cognitive process, in the form of heuristic, is proposed to reconcile
experimental and epidemiological findings
Randomized-controlled trials in people at ultra high risk of psychosis: a review of treatment effectiveness
No full textAs an extension of the early intervention in psychosis paradigm, different focused treatments are now offered to individuals at ultra high risk of psychosis (UHR) to prevent transition to schizophrenia, however the effectiveness of these treatments is unclear. A systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline and PsycINFO was performed to derive information on randomized control trials (RCTs) in UHR samples. Seven reports were identified detailing results from five independent RCT studies. Two studies used antipsychotic drugs (one in combination with cognitive behavior therapy); one study employed cognitive therapy; one study used a two-year program of intensive community care with family psychoeducation; one study assessed the effectiveness of 3-months omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3 PUFAs) supplementation. Intensive community care and the Omega-3 PUFAs supplementation were effective in reducing the transition to psychosis at 12 months. Overall, rates of transition to psychosis at 1 year were 11% for focused treatment groups (n=180) and 31.6% for control UHR groups (n=157). Receiving any of the focused treatment was associated with a lower risk of developing psychosis if compared with no treatment or treatment as usual (Relative Risk=0.36; 95%CI: 0.22-0.59). The available evidence at 2/3 years follow-up indicates that the effects of focused treatments are not stable after intervention cessation and when treatment is delivered over a restricted time (e.g. 6 months or less), it may achieve only a delay in psychosis onset. Due to the heterogeneity in the interventions considered, the current results do not allow recommendation for any specific treatment
La funzione economica del contratto di servizio nelle aziende di servizi pubblici locali
No full textIl contratto di servizio. Asimmetria informativa e incentivi nel rapporto tra il Comune e l'impresa di servizi pubblici locali"
No full textThis paper raises a neglected point in the literature on local public services, showing that even “formal privatisation” (the transformation of the service provider into a joint-stock company) has a significant influence on the agents involved.
The relationship between local government and the firm is examined in different scenarios using the formal tools of contract theory. The article shows how the service contract introduced after formal privatisation changes the incentives and the productive efficiency of the firm. This contract is a flexible instrument which permits optimal tradeoffs between conflicting objectives: the local government’s interest in maximising revenues and the quality of local services in the short run and the profit maximisation objective of the more independent and market oriented firm.
The paper also provides a historical and normative overview of the evolution of local public utilities, which offers empirical support for the theoretical results
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Preventing or masking psychosis? Possible unintended consequences of the ultra high-risk strategy
No full text
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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