1,720,960 research outputs found
Prehistoric pigments: raw materials, processing and use of ochre during the Upper Palaolithic and Mesolithic of south-west Europe
No full textThe Prehistory of colour: function and meaning of ochre in the Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic of south-western Europe
Full text linkABSTRACT: Ochre (colouring ferruginous rocks) is widespread in Palaeolithic and Mesolithic contexts, although information available on its use is still few. Starting by two key areas for the European Prehistory: the Cantabrian region and the Italian peninsula, this research highlights an intentional selection of iron ores for their red colour. Ochre were partially fragmented and powdering, while another part was used to realize objects to directly transfer colour on surfaces (crayons), both within domestic space as part of daily activities, and in spaces with human burials, as part of funeral rituals. The study of ochre assemblages made it possible to detect the continuity of technological practices from the Late Glacial to the Initial Holocene, attesting a transfer of knowledge related to the exploitation of the same raw materials for their functionality in diversified contexts showing both an utilitarian and a symbolic value. Its meaning is not fixed, but it depends on the function for which it is used.RESUMEN: El ocre (rocas ferruginosas colorantes) está ampliamente representado en contextos Paleolíticos y Mesolíticos, aunque las informaciones disponibles sobre su uso son aún escasas. Comenzando por dos áreas clave para la Prehistoria Europea: la región Cantábrica y la Península Italiana, esta investigación enfatiza una selección intencional de minerales de hierro por su color rojo. El ocre estaba parcialmente fragmentado y pulverizado, mientras que otra parte se usaba para realizar objetos para transferir directamente el color en las superficies (crayones), tanto en espacios domésticos como parte de las actividades diarias, como en espacios con enterramientos humanos, como parte de los rituales funerarios. El estudio de los conjuntos de ocres ha permitido revelar una continuidad de las prácticas tecnológicas desde el Tardiglacial hasta el Holoceno Inicial, atestiguando una transferencia de conocimiento relacionada con la explotación de las mismas materias primas para su funcionalidad en contextos diversificados que muestran tanto un valor utilitario como un valor simbólico. Su significado no es fijo, pero depende de la función para la cual se utiliza.Gobierno de España. Call: Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y
de Innovación 2013-2016; Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación
Científica y Técnica de Excelencia; Subprograma Estatatal de Generación de
Conocimiento. Reference: HAR2014-51830-P.
I acknowledge financial support accessed via my supervisor Margherita Mussi
with the project “Comparative studies and methodological developments for
the characterization of ocher from archaeological contexts: the case of Grotta di
Pozzo (Aq , Italy )”. Funding body: Sapienza-University of Rome. Call: Progetto
Avvio alla Ricerca.
In addition thanks to the people who are always by my side
The use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of archaeological ochre in the Upper Paleolithic of Colli Albani (Rome, Italy)
No full textCaracterización superficial de pigmentos sobre artefactos paleolíticos de la zona de Colli Albani (Roma, Italia) por microscopía óptica y espectroscopía Raman
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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