1,721,121 research outputs found
Equivalent detector models for the simulation of efficiency response of an HPGe detector with PENELOPE code
Full text linkMonte Carlo simulation of response of an HPGe detector is a widely used technique to evaluate counting efficiencies. It is particularly useful when calibration standards with the same shape and composition of the sample under examination are not available. The result of the simulation depends on the more or less detailed knowledge of the characteristics of the detector, able to define a "model" of the same detector. To highlight parts not well defined in the manufacturer's certification, a detector X-ray analysis is usually performed, except in cases when it is not possible to dismantle the shielding structure with the loss of previous calibration data. In this work, in absence of some data on the detector and a being unworkable to perform a X-ray graph, some "equivalent" models have been studied and adopted. The main feature was to attribute the uncertainties of the model to only one of the parameters, in this case the dead layer of the detector, keeping the other data provided by the manufacturer unchanged. With this technique, using the Monte Carlo PENELOPE code in the 2011 version, the efficiency response of a spectrometric chain based on an ORTEC GEM-50195S detector, installed inside a "low-background" bunker in the Engineering Department of the University of Palermo, was evaluated. Simulation results were compared with previous ones performed with MCNP5 code. The experimental validation of the "equivalent" model is carried out by comparing the simulation results with those of spectrometric measurements of calibrated point sources supplied by CEA or previously characterized measurement geometries such as the "packet-sample" geometry and a Marinelli beaker. It has been verified that, as is known, the characteristics of the detector change over time and the "equivalent" models to be used in the simulations must be continuously redetermined, as well as the experimental measurements of efficiency must be periodically repeated also for the same measurement geometry. Finally, the use of "equivalent models" makes easier and faster the evaluation with a Monte Carlo code of efficiency curves, for which a few experimental values are sufficient for validation
Application of a precision apiculture system to monitor honey daily production
Full text linkPrecision beekeeping or precision apiculture is an apiary management strategy based on the monitoring of individual bee colonies to minimize resource consumption and maximize the productivity of bees. Bees play a fundamental role in ensuring pollination; they can also be considered as indicators of the state of pollution and are used as bio monitors. Beekeeping needs continuous monitoring of the animals and can benefit from advanced intelligent ambiance technologies. The aim of this study was the design of a precision apiculture system (PAS) platform for monitoring and controlling the following environmental parameters: wind, temperature, and relative humidity inside and outside the hive, in order to assess their influence on honey production. PAS is based on an Arduino board with an Atmel microcontroller, and the connection of a load cell for recording the weight of the hive, relative humidity and temperature sensor inside the hive, and relative humidity and temperature sensor outside the hive using an anemometer. PAS was installed in common hives and placed in an open field in a French honeysuckle plot; the system was developed to operate in continuous mode, monitoring the period of 24 April–1 June 2019. Temperature was constant in the monitored period, around 35◦ C, inside the hive, proving that no criticalities occurred regarding swarming or absconding. In the period between 24 and 28 May, a lack of honey production was recorded, attributed to a lowering of the external temperature. PAS was useful to point out the eventual reduction in honey production due to wind; several peaks of windiness exceeding 5 m s−1 were recorded, noting that honey production decreases with the peaks in wind. Therefore, the data recorded by PAS platform provided a valid decisional support to the operator. It can be implemented by inserting additional sensors for detecting other parameters, such as rain or sound
Implementation of an innovative technique to improve Sauvignon Blanc wine quality
No full textThe purpose of the study was to compare two different pressing systems of Sauvignon Blanc grapes using an innovative wine press manufactured by Puleo Srl Company (Marsala, Italy). Grape pressing is a very important step in the winemaking process as it may promote the presence and/or absence of enzyme processes on the must, leading to the creation of different products in terms of chemical composition from the same grapes. Chemical composition of must firstly and wine after, obtained from the two pressing mode, was analysed in first instance with PCA method
Messa in opera di un vigneto con sistema GPS e tradizionale
Full text linkLa progettazione del nuovo vigneto non può prescindere oggi da una attenta analisi non solo del sito ma anche dei materiali che saranno impiegati per la realizzazione della struttura portante della vegetazione. La tecnoloigia Gps applicata alla messa in opera dei pali per la preparazione di un vigneto
a controspalliera ha permesso di ottenere un impianto preciso anche in presenza di terreni in pendenza, con una minore usura degli scuotitori,
assenza di rottura dei pali e tempestività di intervento
Malnutrition
No full textL'uomo sopravvive agli attacchi ambientali se riesce ad adattarsi a ciò che lo circondano ed è in grado di reagire proteggendo la propria integrità. L'adattamento all'ambiente in sintesi consiste nella biosintesi delle proteine necessarie all'approvvigionamento di energia, ricostituzione della massa magra, cicatrizzazione, anticorpi e sistemi di difesa, aminoacidi per la sintesi proteica il tutto sintetizzato sulla base fornita dal codice genetico dello stesso individuo. Infatti enzimi, anticorpi, ormoni e tutti i mediatori chimici hanno una struttura fondamentalmente di natura proteica. Perciò la sintesi proteica è fondamentale nella difesa della integrità dell'organismo e nella sopravvivenza. Le proteine sono molecole complesse importantissime che vengono sintetizzate dall'organismo mediante l'assunzione giornaliera di nutrienti complessi con l'alimentazione, per sostituire e rinnovare quelle degradate e consumate dall'usura biomeccanica. I depositi di grasso e complessi meccanismi metabolici servono a supplire la carenza di molecole nei periodi di digiuno fisiologico. L'organismo consuma le riserve per sostenere continuativamente l'azione cardiaca e la respirazione, la filtrazione e riassorbimento renale, la biosintesi epatica e il funzionamento bioelettrico encefalico. Altre funzioni essenziali sono sostenute come l'ematopoiesi, la bisointesi muscolare, cutanea e della barriera mucosa intestinale. Il gruppo di lavoro del Prof Clowe ha isolatoun fattore polipeptidico nel siero di pazienti settici in grado di accelerare il catabolismo. Infatti con tale polipeptide in brodo di coltura, aumenta la degradazione del muscolo striato di ratto perché aumenta notevolmente il contenuto aminoacidico libero. Sembra infatti che tale polipeptide stimola la produzione di PGE2 che promuove rabdomiolisi, inibita dall'impiego di indometacinaEurosurgery 96. Rome, Italy, 15-18 October 1996. Abstracts.
Disponibile solo dettagli
Conferenza
(English) , The British Journal Of Surgery [Br J Surg], ISSN: 0007-1323, 1996 Nov; Vol. 83 Suppl 2, pp. 1-164; Publisher: Wiley; PMID: 8909197, Database: MEDLINE
Argomenti: General Surgery; Surgical Procedures, Operativ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Olive oil mill toward industry 4.0
Full text linkIn recent years many studies have been conducted on olive oil mill and processes for improving extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) quality. The malaxer is the most studied machine among all, it is responsible for malaxation, which represents a very important and critical step in the EVOO extraction process. The processing conditions allowing a selective control of the enzymes represent a crucial point of the oil mechanical extraction process, strictly related to the sensory and healthy quality of EVOO. The authors designed a malaxer prototype provided with a supervisor control acquisition data (SCADA) system for the smart management of the malaxation process to obtain high quality EVOO. The system is equipped with sensors that allow the management of the entire malaxation process: olive paste input and output, exposure to air time and process duration. Different programs of the software can be chosen according both to the variety and quality of the olives and the type of EVOO that is to be obtained in terms of volatile and phenolic components. The innovative machine has been included in a modern olive mill in order to evaluate the quality of 'Cerasuola' and 'Nocellara del Belice' EVOOs. Oil samples were collected after each test, put in 100 mL dark glass bottles, stored at 12°C and transported to the laboratory where analyses were performed. The results obtained confirm that the quality of EVOO in terms of quantity of volatile and phenolic components can be designed by intervening on some parameters during the malaxation process. This was possible with the use of the malaxer prototype provided with a SCADA system that allowed to manage the biochemical processes that lead to the formation of volatile and phenolic components
A survey to evaluate safety in protected crops in western Sicily
No full textProtected crops in the Mediterranean area has reached advanced production systems, but they should solve environmental, energy and money problems. The greenhouse, in fact, is a system characterized by high energy inputs with a reduced environmental sustainability compared to extensive farming and intensive open field. In Sicily, the area dedicated to annual greenhouse cultivation is 8,200 ha with a total number of farms greater than 6,000; although the sector is of great importance in the Sicilian economy, issues as workplace, food and environmental safety are often overlooked. A survey was carried out with the aim of identifying the possibilities to improve environmental, work and food safety inside the greenhouses in Sicily. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of farms to identify the critical points in the management of the above mentioned aspects. The survey to evaluate environmental safety was realized through a checklist considering various environmental aspects: energy resources, waste management, hazardous substances, water resources, impact of the roads, interactions with landscape and raw materials. The survey to evaluate work and food safety aimed at identifying the steps with major risk factors and the measures taken by the farms to mitigate or nullify the critical aspects. The results showed that the most critical issues in environmental safety concern the management of hazardous substances; with regard to work safety some critical points were found in risks assessment for workers' health and staff training; with regard to food safety critical points are those related both to staff training and products tracking and tracing
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