102,192 research outputs found

    Quelle place pour le principe de précaution en droit pénal ? Décryptage du contentieux italien

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    I. L’IMPACT DU PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION SUR LA LÉGISLATION PÉNALE ITALIENNE. II. L’IMPACT DU PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION SUR LA JURISPRUDENCE PÉNALE ITALIENN

    Excess enthalpies of ternary aqueous solutions of amides and ureas at 298.15 K.

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    Aqueous solutions of amides have been studied for their importance as uncharged model molecules of structural units of polypeptide chains and proteins. Urea and its alkyl derivatives are known as denaturing agents against proteins. In this paper some new experimental calorimetric data from our laboratory concerning ternary aqueous solutions, each containing one amide and one urea species, are presented, discussed and compared with literature data. The relevance of the weak interactions occurring between these types of cosolutes in water is discussed from the point of view of the biochemical consequences on the stability of proteins. It is confirmed that both polar and hydrophobic intermolecular interactions perturb the native conformation of polypeptides and proteins, as they compete with intramolecular interactions. Urea is either ineffective or it enhances the hydrophobic interactions, contrary to what apparently is suggested by the increase of solubility of lighter hydrocarbons in urea-water mixtures

    Thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of 2-deoxy-sugar in water. Comparison with the crystal structures

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    The excess enthalpies, free energies and entropies of aqueous solution of some 2-deoxy-sugars have been determined at 298.15 K by microcalorimetric and isopiestic measurements. The differences between the thermodynamic properties of these 2-deoxy-derivatives resemble those that characterize the parent monosaccharides and seem to depend on the solute stereochemistry. In order to obtain information about the conformational analogies between the deoxy-derivatives and their parent monosaccharides, a crystallographic study and nmr investigation in solution are also in advance on these compounds. © 1985

    Interactions between amino acids and alcohols in water at 25° C.

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    The enthalpies of dilution of ternary aqueous solutions containing an alcohol (ethanol,n-propanol,n-butanol or tert-butanol) and an aminoacid or a peptide (glycine, glycyl-glycine or glycyl-glycyl-glycine), were measured at 25 °C. The results were used to calculate pair cross interaction parameters between solutes. The coefficients of virial expansion of the excess enthalpies are compared with those referring to solutions containing the same alcohols and other structure-breaking solutes (urea, thiourea and biuret). The enthalpic pair parameter for the systems glycine-alcohols shows the same trend, as reported in the literature, for similar structure-breaking solutes, with a maximum in the cross coefficients when reported versus the self pair interaction coefficients of alcohols. The results are interpreted in terms of a prevailing release of water from the cospheres of alcohols

    Excess enthalpies of aqueous solution of monosaccharides at 298.15 K: pentoses and 2-deoxy sugars

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    The heats of dilution in water of some pentoses (D-arabinose, D-lyxose, and D-ribose) and 2-deoxy sugars (2-deoxy-D-ribose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose) were determined at 298.15 K. The calculated excess enthalpies were compared with those of isomeric and enantiomeric monosaccharide solutions and with those of sugar derivatives, oligosaccharides and other oxygenated compounds in water. All the excess thermodynamic properties of sugars and their derivatives show a characteristic behavior among the nonelectrolytes in water and suggest, together with other thermodynamic properties, that their aqueous solutions are ruled predominantly by solute-solvent interactions. Since new data are at present available, a refinement of the results of the Savage and Wood group contribution method is carried out. The group contributions to the second virial coefficients hii of the excess enthalpies of sugars, alcohols, ethers, and ketones in water are now recalculated and critically discussed. The differences among the isomers, which cannot be predicted by the method, are correlated with the differences in the stereochemistry of the solute molecules. © 1983 American Chemical Society

    Art. 25-septies - Omicidio colposo e lesioni gravi o gravissime commesse con violazione delle norme sulla tutela della salute e sicurezza sul lavoro

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    I. Il rafforzamento della tutela della sicurezza del lavoro mediante estensione della responsabilità punitiva dell’ente collettivo in casi di eventi lesivi. Cenni comparativi – II. L’introduzione nel “catalogo 231” dei delitti colposi di omicidio e lesioni – III. Le diverse fattispecie di illecito e le rispettive sanzioni – IV. Dubbi di legittimità costituzionale e catalogo dei principali problemi interpretativi. – V. I soggetti autori del delitto presupposto e la loro necessaria classificazione alternativa come apicali o subordinati. – VI. La compatibilità tra reati colposi e dolosi e criterio oggettivo di imputazione della responsabilità all’ente collettivo: interesse e vantaggio. – VII. Reati colposi e nozione di profitto. – VIII. Reati colposi e nozione di elusione fraudolenta. – IX. Dalla colpa (organizzativa) della persona fisica a quella della persona giuridica (rinvio)

    LA CAUSALITÉ À L’ÉPREUVE DU PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION

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    I. LIMITES DE COHÉRENCE ENTRE PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION ET CATÉGORIES DOGMATIQUES CLASSIQUES. II. LA RÉALITÉ DES RAPPORTS ENTRE PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION ET DROIT PÉNAL. III. LA THÉORIE DE LA CAUSALITÉ EN ITALIE. IV. LIEN DE CAUSALITÉ ET PRINCIPE DE PRÉCAUTION. V. ÉPIDÉMIOLOGIE ET LIEN DE CAUSALITÉ DANS LES PROCÈS POUR DÉLITS CONTRE LA SANTÉ PUBLIQUE. CONCLUSIO
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