1,720,956 research outputs found
La legge 27/2012 e la valutazione medico-legale del danno alla persona: visivamente, strumentalmente ma, soprattutto, scientificamente.
No full textLa legge n. 27 del 24 marzo 2012, provvedimento con cui si è integrata la normativa vigente in materia di
risarcimento dei danni alla persona conseguenti a lesioni di lievi entità di cui all’art. 139 cod. ass. (d.lgs. 7
settembre 2005, n. 209), ha proposto una serie di difficoltà terminologiche divenendo, per la tecnica
legislativa impiegata ed un’apparente contraddizione terminologica, oggetto di discussione tra gli operatori
del diritto e della medicina legale. Le evidenze scientifiche attualmente disponibili possono essere
di estrema utilità per orientare il giudizio valutativo così come i commi 3-ter e 3-quater, ed impongono di
considerare ai fini della valutazione del danno temporaneo e permanente del bene salute le più moderne
conoscenze scientifiche. Infatti, la valutazione deve essere documentata da elementi che, a giudizio
medico-legale, possano essere considerati oggettivi con criterio della evidenza scientifica, dando quindi
agli avverbi visivamente e strumentalmente, un significato più ampio, quello cioè di evidenza concreta,
supportata da riscontri reali relativi a tutti i dati di rilievo medico-legale
A Non-Invasive Biopotential Electrode for the Correct Detection of Bioelectrical Currents
No full textAn advanced current measure probe is described for biological applications. Singular points on the body skin emit a semi-constant current that could be potentially useful for a medical diagnosis of the body organs to which any singular point is connected. In order to achieve an accurate and reliable analysis of the emitted current, all the error sources have been studied in order to design a ready to use probe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Law and ethics in end-of-life decisions: where Italy is going in comparison with other EU countries.
No full textAfter attending this presentation, attendees will gain insight into the current political and legal dispute, regarding the medical role in end-of- life decisions, giving a schematical account of some cases of deaths that highly impacted on Italian public opinion during the last five years (i.e., Englaro, Welby, Monicelli, Magri) in addition to comparing the trends of others EU countries. In particular, after attending this presentation, attendees will understand: (1) the main juridical and ethical aspects of Italian Law in ELD (End of Life Decisions); (2) the conceptual distinction between direct active and indirect active euthanasia, withdrawal of life- sustaining measures (passive euthanasia), assisted suicide and suicide; and, (3) the statistic data of Italian public opinion regarding euthanasia and the living will, including the acceptance trend in others EU countries. This presentation will impact the forensic community by highlighting legal similarities and differences among EU countries in the provisions of ELD, stressing the complexity of the relationship between patient (both terminally ill and mentally ill) and physician and trying to enhance the international debate with recent Italian experiences. Exploring international legislation, there are no universal policies regarding ELD nor homogeneous guidelines for physicians faced with ELD issues. The reconstruction of the examples mentioned above will be presented, taking into account Italian law. Direct active euthanasia, performed by the administration of toxic drugs to a patient with the purpose of inducing his/her death, is explicitly illegal in Italy, and thus punishable either as a homicide (Penal Code article 579) or as voluntary manslaughter (Penal Code article 575) with extenuating circumstances of mercy, even though these extenuating circumstances are not specifically provided for ELD issues. In contrast, indirect active euthanasia, performed by administration of drugs to relieve pain and which may lead to the death of the patient only as a side effect, is not clearly prohibited by the law, rather it may be included among the so- called palliative treatments. Assisted suicide is forbidden by Italian law, being considered a crime of instigation to commit suicide (Penal Code article 580). Similarly, passive euthanasia is also prohibited (Penal Code article 42), although it is perceived by public opinion to be less worthy of punishment. The ethical and legal concerns involving the debates upon ELD reflect the different laws in the other EU countries. Euthanasia and assisted suicide are forbidden in most EU countries. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxemburg have legalized euthanasia. Switzerland allows assisted suicide, and recently approved guidelines allow doctors to perform a sort of passive euthanasia in Sweden. Although the deaths of Englaro, Welby, Monicelli, and Magri represent different type ELD cases, they increase public interest regarding ELD issues, in particular euthanasia and the right to decide in advance to give authorization or non-authorization for life-sustaining artificial treatments (“living will”). Those cases are all characterized by the desire to avoid physical and/or psychic pain and poor quality of life. The 2011 Eurispes (Italian Institute of Political Economical and Social Studies) report data will be show that 66.2% of Italians are in favor of euthanasia: 18 to 24-year-olds: 75.3%; 25 to 34-year-olds: 70.9%; 35 to 44-year-olds: 67.7%; 45 to 65-year-olds: 65%; and over 65 years:3.7%). Additionally, 77.2% of Italians would like a bill that puts “living wills” in writing. The primary and fundamental issue of ELD is the need of a unifying model that would identify the unique and critical relationship between patient and doctor, whose primary mission should be not only “to cure” but also “to care.” It is recommended to focus the attention of forensic community on the relevance that the concept of “quality of life” may have in ELD issues
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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