1,721,272 research outputs found
Journal of Hydrology
No full textThe Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydrogeology. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, hydraulics, agrohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, civil and environmental engineering are included. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, environmental sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site
Hydrological Sciences Journal
No full textis the official journal of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and provides a forum for original papers and for the exchange of information and views on significant developments in hydrology worldwide.
The scope of the journal includes:
the hydrological cycle on the Earth
surface water, groundwater, snow and ice, in all their physical, chemical and biological processes, their interrelationships, and their relationships to geographical factors, atmospheric processes and climate, and Earth processes including erosion and sedimentation
hydrological extremes and their impact
measurement, mathematical representation and computational aspects of hydrological processes
hydrological aspects of the use and management of water resources and their change under the influence of human activity
water resources systems, including the planning, engineering, management and economic aspects of applied hydrology
The Co-editors, Prof. D. Koutsoyiannis, Prof. M.C. Acreman, Dr A. Castellarin, and Dr Ross Woods welcome original papers, scientific notes and discussions. The Co-editors of Hydrological Science Journal select a ' featured article' to highlight in each issue. This 'featured article' is made free-to-view until the subsequent issue is published online
Assessing the historical residual flood-risk evolution over large floodable areas: dependence of the results on the 2D hydrodynamic numerical model
Full text linkThis study investigates the evolution of the flood risk along the middle-lower reach of the River Po (length ~350 km,
Northern Italy). The analysis starts from the common perception that, due to a combination of different causes, the flood
risk is dramatically increasing in Europe and in other areas of the world, which is supported by the steadily increasing
economic flood losses recorded worldwide. We refer in particular to the residual flood-risk and we consider an inundation
scenario simulated by means of a simplified quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) hydrodynamic model that reproduces the
hydraulic behavior of a large floodable area outside the main embankment system of the Po river (named “C-Buffer”) for
an exceptional flood event with a 500-year return period; then we perform a detailed flood risk assessment for different
land-use scenarios and population dynamics that have been observed for the C-Buffer over the last five decades. The
detailed flood-risk assessment refers separately to four hydraulic compartments located within the C-Buffer, which
according to the study inundation scenario are flooded during the exceptional event. In particular, the analyses use flooddamage
curves proposed in the literature coupled with a reproduction of the inundation dynamics simulated by two fully
two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models based on 2D shallow water Saint-Venant equations: Hec-Ras 5.0 and
Telemac-2D. The former model has been recently released and enables users to perform combined one-dimensional (1D)
and 2D unsteady-flow simulations (i.e. combining 1D reaches and storage areas with 2D flow areas schematized with
finite-volume method), while the latter is a widely employed and well known 2D finite-element scheme. The comparison
enabled us to assess how recent land-use changes affected the residual risk in the study area and, indirectly, to quantify
the dependence of flood-risk assessments on the considered 2D model, i.e. Telemac-2D and the new Hec-Ras 5.0
Chapter 78 - Risk, Reliability and Return Periods and Hydrologic Design
No full textThe concepts of risk, reliability and return period are fundamental elements to the analysis of extreme hydrological events for the fields of water resource systems planning, and management as well as for flood and drought risk assessment and mitigation. This chapter reviews the main criteria for selecting the level of infrastructure protection and for defining hydrologic design variables within a risk-based framework, considering both univariate and multivariate design conditions. Approaches to hydrologic design under both stationary and nonstationary conditions are summarized
Geostatistical prediction of flow-duration curves
Full text linkWe present in this study an adaptation of Topological kriging (or Top-kriging), which makes the geostatistical procedure capable of predicting flow-duration curves (FDCs) in ungauged catchments. Previous applications of Top-kriging mainly focused on the prediction of point streamflow indices (e.g. flood quantiles, low-flow indices, etc.). In this study Top-kriging is used to predict FDCs in ungauged sites as a weighted average of standardised empirical FDCs through the traditional linear-weighting scheme of kriging methods. Our study focuses on the prediction of period-of-record FDCs for 18 unregu-
lated catchments located in Central Italy, for which daily streamflow series with length from 5 to 40yr are available, together with information on climate referring to the same time-span of each daily streamflow sequence. Empirical FDCs are standardised by a reference streamflow value (i.e. mean annual flow, or mean annual precipitation times
the catchment drainage area) and the overall deviation of the curves from this reference value is then used for expressing the hydrological similarity between catchments and for deriving the geostatistical weights. We performed an extensive leave-one-out cross-validation to quantify the accuracy of the proposed technique, and to compare it to traditional regionalisation models that were recently developed for the same study region. The cross-validation points out that Top-kriging is a reliable approach for predicting FDCs, which can significantly outperform traditional regional models in ungauged basins
Comparison of two modelling strategies for 2D large-scale flood simulations
Full text linkIn this paper, two emerging strategies for the reduction of the computational time of 2D large-scale flood simulations
are compared, with the aim of evaluating their strengths and limitations and of suggesting guidelines for
their effective application. The analysis is based on two state-of-the-art raster flood models with different governing
equations and parallelization strategies: PARFLOOD, a GPU-accelerated code that solves the fully dynamic
shallow water equations, and LISFLOOD-FP, which combines a parallel implementation for CPU with simplified
equations (local-inertial approximation). The results of two case studies (a river flood propagation, and a lowland
inundation) suggest that, at coarse grid resolutions, the parallelized simplified model LISFLOOD-FP can represent
a good alternative to fully dynamic models in terms of accuracy and runtime, while the GPU-parallel code
PARFLOOD is more efficient in case of high-resolution simulations with millions of cells, despite the greater
complexity of the numerical scheme
Evolution of flood risk over large areas: Quantitative assessment for the Po river
Full text linkThe worldwide increase of damages produced by floods during the last decades strengthens the common perception that flood risk is dramatically increasing due to a combination of different causes, among which climate change is often described as the major driver. Nevertheless, the scientific community is increasingly aware of the role of the anthropogenic pressures (e.g. steady expansion of urban and industrial areas in dyke-protected floodplains) that may strongly impact the flood risk in a given area by increasing potential flood damages and losses (i.e. so called "levee effect"). The scientific literature on quantitative assessments of the "levee-effect" or robust methodological tools for performing such assessments is still sparse. We refer to the dyke-protected floodplains of the middle and lower portion of River Po (Northern Italy), a broad geographical area (~46,000km2) with two specific research questions in mind: (i) has the flood risk increased over the last half century? And, if so, (ii) what are the main drivers of this change? First, we assess the flood-hazard evolution by analyzing three long series of daily streamflow available at different gauging stations. Secondly, we quantitatively assess the temporal variability of the flood exposure and risk by looking at the evolution in time of anthropogenic pressures (i.e. land-use and demographic dynamics observed from 1950s). To this aim, we propose graphical tools (i.e. Hypsometric Vulnerability Curves - HVCs) that are suitable for assessing vulnerability to floods over large geographical areas. Our study highlights the absence of statistically significant trends in annual statistics of the observed streamflow series and a stable population density within the dike-protected flood-prone area. Nevertheless, the proposed flood-vulnerability indexes show a significant increase of the exposure to floods in residential settlements, which has doubled since the 1950s
Editorial: River basin hydrology and natural hazards: Monitoring, prediction and prevention
No full textThe 5th edition of the ‘Hydrology Days’ of the Italian Hydrological Society was held in Perugia, Italy, 6–8 October 2015, to provide a joint forum of hydrologists and a broad range of stakeholders for commenting and discussing on ‘River basin hydrology and natural hazards: monitoring, prediction and prevention’. A total of 58 abstracts were presented at the workshop. The 21⁄2-day conference was organized by the ‘Hydrology Group’ of the Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection (National Research Council of Italy) in collaboration with the Italian Hydrological Society, the Tiber River Basin Authority and the professional association of Engineers of Perugia. Specifically, the Italian Hydrological Society (SII-IHS) was founded in 2009 to foster progress, enhancement and dissemination of hydrological sciences in Italy, including all aspects related to water resources systems management and possible interaction with human activity. In this perspective, one of the main objectives of the Association is to stimulate interdisciplinary collaboration among academia, research institutes, institutional stakeholders and private operators.
This Special Issue of Hydrology Research contains a selection of 14 peer-reviewed papers that reflect the multidisciplinary aim of the conference
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