1,720,961 research outputs found
Radiotherapeutic Treatment Approaches for Brain Metastases.
No full textBrain metastases represent an important healthcare problem. Approximately 20%-40% of patients develop disease metastatic to the brain over the course of their cancer history. Palliative treatment of brain metastases requires for immediate control and, at least temporarily, a remission of the symptoms because many of the symptoms associated with brain metastases reduce the patient's quality of life. Radiation therapy is used to treat this clinical circumstance. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy and the toxicity of radiotherapeutic treatment approaches and to provide treatment recommendation for brain metastases
New approaches in glioblastoma multiforme: the potential role of immune-check point inhibitors
No full textBACKGROUND:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent brain tumor. Despite recent advances in treatment approaches the prognosis remains poor, with a median overall survival of 14.6 months. Immunotherapy is the subject of ongoing research and its benefit is becoming evident in other malignancies. Immune check-points such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death receptor (PD-1) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) reduce immune response.
OBJECTIVE:
To clarify the role of immune check point inhibitors in GBM management.
METHODS:
Preclinical and clinical trials of immune check-point inhibitors in GBM were obtained by searching for English peer-reviewed articles on PubMed databases, trials registered on clincaltrials.gov and abstracts recently presented at international congresses.
RESULTS:
Immune check point inhibitors may be of critical importance for the design of future immunotherapy approaches in GBM management.
CONCLUSION:
Immune check-point inhibitors should be considered a promising treatment option in GBM
Successful Treatment of Anal Canal Cancer Metastasis to the Cranial Bones: A Case Report and Literature Review
No full textSingle metastasis to the cranial bone represents a very uncommon occurrence that can arise from an anal canal cancer. No cases of cranial bone metastasis from anal canal carcinoma are available in the literature. Herein, we present a case of a unique metastatic lesion to the right parietal bone that occurred after curative chemoradiotherapy of primary squamous cell anal canal carcinoma. The patient received radiotherapy and systemic platinum-based chemotherapy, with optimal local control, high compliance and a well tolerable level of toxicity
Adjuvant therapy of pancreatic carcinoma: the experience of Policlinico Umberto I, Università "Sapienza" Rome
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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