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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Il rafforzamento dell'apparato difensivo della Sicilia nella prima età vicereale.

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    During the period 1480 to 1530 the Sicilian system of fortifications is intimately connected to the role and political importance of the island in its relationship to the rest of the European States. It is also linked to its position in the context of the Mediterranean countries. In the first case its role is marginal. In the second case it is strategically immensely important given the ongoing conflict with the Ottoman Empire that makes it indispensable for Sicily to keep its defensive mechanism in good working order. At the same time it needs to respond effectively to the relentless advancement and development of new weaponry. At the end of the 15th century building works are only limited to maintenance. There is nothing of an innovative nature. There are also very few men with adequate technical knowhow in the field of weaponry or the ability to design relevant defensive projects. In the last days of the century however, the controversial figure of Gonsalvo Fernandez Captain of the Crown makes an appearance. To date he has not yet been adequately studied. Sent to Sicily by King Ferdinand of Spain in 1496, he has a solid technical preparation as well as a remarkable operational capability. He is personally in charge of restructuring the main castles and forts in the key towns of the island, where he introduces some pioneering features. Still later, changes of a very limited and fragmentary nature are introduced in several Sicilian cities by the Spanish Viceroy Ugo Moncada. He makes changes even in the city of Tripoli, in North Africa, conquered by Spain in 1510. Following the death of Ferdinand the Catholic in 1516 and the accession to the Spanish throne of Charles V, the demands for modern and efficient fortifications become pressing. The government of the island searches for experienced men highly trained in the field of defense. The viceroy Ettore Pignatelli, Count of Montleone, enlists the help of Pietro Antonio Tomasello from Padova. Tomasello, who is given the title of Royal Engineer from 1523 to 1537, updates and renews the vast heritage of defensive structures in the most exposed Sicilian cities such as Trapani, Milazzo and Siracusa. His work has recently been exhaustively researched. It forms the foundation, from 1533, for the development of the work of the famous engineer from Bergamo, Antonio Ferramolino
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