1,721,017 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Vérification et optimisation à la compilation des communications MPI non-bloquantes
No full textLes clusters de Calcul Haute Performance (HPC) sont composés de multiples unités de calcul ou de stockage mémoire, aussi appelés « nœuds », interconnectés par un réseau haut débit et basse latence. Une telle architecture est qualifiée de « distribuée ». Les calculs sont ainsi distribués sur ces nœuds qui vont chacun travailler sur une section d’une simulation, ce qui permet de réduire le temps d’exécution de simulations grâce au parallélisme. Les nœuds doivent toutefois se communiquer leurs résultats afin d’avancer dans les calculs, ce qui cause des latences. Message Passing Interface (MPI) est la solution la plus utilisée en HPC pour définir ces échanges entre nœuds de calcul. Elle définit des communications point-à-point et des communications collectives. Chaque type de communication existe en trois versions : bloquante, non-bloquante, et persistante. Les communications non-bloquantes permettent une meilleure utilisation des ressources de calcul en recouvrant les communications par des calculs, ce qui permet de réduire le temps d’obtention des résultats. Cependant, ces communications non-bloquantes sont plus complexes à l’usage, et offrent moins de mécanismes de sécurité. Les développeurs sont davantage susceptibles de commettre des erreurs de programmation pouvant conduire à des blocages du programme ou corrompre les résultats. Cela conduit à une moindre popularité de ces communications, en particulier de la forme collective introduite lors de la troisième révision majeure de l’interface en 2012, pour dégager du recouvrement. L’objectif de cette étude est de proposer des méthodes visant à aider les développeurs à utiliser ces communications. Premièrement, nous proposons une méthode pour associer les appels non-bloquants lors de la compilation d’un programme MPI en utilisant des informations sur le flot de contrôle et de le flot de données. Dans un deuxième temps, nous proposons une méthode pour automatiquement transformer les appels bloquants dans leur version non-bloquante. Cette méthode va ensuite réorganiser le code d’une fonction en déplaçant les dépendances des communications dans le but de maximiser la taille des intervalles de recouvrement. Cette méthode est également appliquée sur les appels non-bloquants existants en exploitant les associations trouvées par le processus de validation. Enfin, nous exploitons les limitations du processus de transformation automatique afin de proposer une méthode permettant d’améliorer le potentiel de recouvrement des programmes MPI en identifiant les bornes de ces intervalles et en suggérant des modifications de code à appliquer. Les trois processus que nous proposons ont été testés sur plusieurs benchmarks, dont des miniapps et des codes CORAL.High-Performance Computation (HPC) clusters are made of multiple computing and memory storage units (or nodes) interconnected with a high performance network. Such architecture is called”distributed”. Computations are spread over these nodes which each work on a subset of the whole simulation, leading to increased performance thanks to parallelism. The results then needs to be shared between the nodes to carry out the computations, which is source of latencies. The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is the most widely used solution in HPC to implement these exchanges. It defines multiple flavors of communications, including point-to-point and collective communications. They exist in three versions: blocking, nonblocking, and persistent. Nonblocking communications allow the overlapping of communications by computations, thus leading to a better use of computing resources and reduced time to results. Yet this version of the communications, whose collective forms were added to the interface by its third major version in 2012, are harder to use because of their composition and offer less security mechanisms. Developers are more prone to commit programming errors which can lead to deadlocks or data corruption. Consequently, nonblocking communications, and more specifically the collective forms, are still not widely used to create overlapping opportunities. The goal of this study is the development of methods to help developers in using these communications. First, we propose a method to match nonblocking calls at compile-time and to detect programming errors involving those using information on the control flow and the data flow. Secondly, we propose a method to automatically transform existing blocking calls into their nonblocking versions. This method then reorganizes the code of a function by moving the dependencies of communications in order to maximize the length of overlapping intervals. It is also applied on existing nonblocking calls using the matching information found by the verification process. Finally, we build upon the limitations of the automatic approach to propose a method to improve the overlapping potential of MPI programs by identifying the boundaries of overlapping intervals and suggesting code modification to developers. The three processes we proposed have been tested on several benchmarks, including miniapps and CORAL codes
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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