1,720,982 research outputs found
The palm tree and the fist. The use of popular imagery in the Tunisian protest songs of the 1970s-1980s
No full textThe article focuses on the emergence and development of the Tunisian protest song (in Arabic al-ughniya al-multazima) in the late Bourguiba period, and investigates its role in the education, mobilization and galvanization of students, unionists and activists. An analysis of song lyrics and oral testimonies reveals the influence of Gramsci’s ideas on Tunisian leftist artists and intellectuals, who adapted concepts such as, cultural hegemony and common-sense to the local context. Furthermore, the article discusses the significance of the ‘popular’ in relation to these activists’ cultural project. Despite being mainly confined to intellectual and political circles, protest songs made wide use of peasant symbolism, rural imagery and the everyday experiences of workers, revealing the ideological project of the Left, which aspired to assert cultural hegemony over the masses. In the first part of the article I will trace the historical and political background in which this musical scene emerged. In the second and third parts I will engage, respectively, in an analysis of songs by the musical groups al-Bahth al-Musiqi from Gabes and Awlad al-Manajim from Moularès. By tracing the history of the Tunisian protest song, the article sheds light on the production of resistant cultural material under authoritarian regimes
Memorie contese, identità frammentarie. La letteratura della diaspora libanese negli Stati Uniti
Full text linkLa letteratura nata in seguito alla guerra civile libanese, sia essa nazionale o diasporica, va incontro al bisogno di raccontare e dunque superare il trauma subito. Il ruolo degli artisti libanesi è tanto più importante quanto più il discorso nazionale sulla guerra civile è assente. È evidente dunque la rilevanza che assume una letteratura che, a suo modo, prova a colmare un’amnesia collettiva, un vuoto di memoria storico e politico, oltre che individuale e famigliare.Con modi, approcci, attitudini diverse, Sarrafian Ward, Adnan e Alameddine utilizzano la scrittura come mezzo di riabilitazione della memoria, anzi di varie memorie negate, contese e conflittuali. Mettendo a nudo l’arbitrarietà delle catego-rie identitarie, decostruendo quindi l’unicità del soggetto e della comunità, questa letteratura dipinge un quadro caleidoscopico, certo non pacificato, della società libanese. Sviscerando il conflitto e la questione etnica essa risponde alla mancanza di una narrazione conciliata e condivisa, e propone una lettura polisemica, demi-stificatoria e antimitologica della storia del Libano. Allo stesso tempo essa guarda con lucidità e consapevolezza contrappuntuale all’esperienza dell’esilio in un pa-ese, gli Stati Uniti, non sempre all’altezza delle sue promesse
Recording another history: Songs, martyrs, and the cultural memory of the Tunisian Left
No full textThis article investigates the role of songs in recording and transmitting the history and memory of the Tunisian Left. Since its appearance in the mid-1970s, the Tunisian “committed song” has been functioning as an instrument of resistance, struggle, and popular education. Also, these songs have served as archives of a contentious history of the nation, and vehicles of shared memories through times. As such, they have significantly contributed to the construction and re-construction of a leftist cultural memory and identity. Tunisian committed songs record and celebrate popular struggles, commemorate martyrs, speak for political prisoners. By doing so, they mark the events of an alternative calendar, one denied by the historiography of the nation-state. Up to the present days, these songs continue to be performed during days of commemoration and political events, thus contributing to generating solidarity and a common path for different generations of activists. Based on lyrics and oral testimonies collected during fieldwork as well as on participant observation, this article argues that the committed song in Tunisia functions as a partisan and emotional archive of a political community, and as such it creates a space of active and collective memory and imagination
La canzone impegnata tunisina: storia, ideologia e poetica di una controcultura (anni 1970 – anni 1980)
Full text linkLa canzone impegnata (in arabo al-ughniya al-multazima) emerge in Tunisia tra gli anni 1970 e 1980 quale espressione controculturale dell'opposizione politica al regime di Habib Bourguiba. Nel presente studio, la canzone impegnata funge da prospettiva dalla quale guardare alla storia politica, ideologica e culturale della Tunisia; una prospettiva che merita di essere indagata per diversi motivi. In primo luogo, perché essa ha registrato e celebrato eventi significativi, ma dalla parte dei vinti, raccontando una storia minore all'interno della storia del paese. Essa ha lasciato così emergere le linee ideologiche e le aspirazioni su cui si costruiva l'opposizione politica al regime di Habib Bourguiba. In secondo luogo, perché le modalità e gli spazi di creazione, produzione e circolazione delle canzoni, di organizzazione dei concerti, di interazione e scambio con il pubblico, possono fare luce su una serie di pratiche resistenziali di una generazione militante, e al tempo stesso possono dirci qualcosa sulla dialettica tra autoritarismo e controcultura in quel periodo storico. Infine, perché essa offre una sorta di retrospettiva della cultura rivoluzionaria o di protesta più recente, e potrebbe potenzialmente contribuire a comprendere i mutamenti profondi negli orizzonti di vita e di idee di diverse generazioni contestatarie. La ricerca si avvale di un approccio interdisciplinare, che combina lo studio della storia politica e culturale della Tunisia contemporanea agli strumenti teorici degli studi culturali, ad alcuni dei metodi tipici della ricerca etnografica, e all'analisi letteraria del testo-canzone
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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