3,074 research outputs found
An Evolutionary Perspective of Radical Innovation and its implications for Management and Organizations
No full textThe thesis develops an evolutionary perspective of technological change based on a complex analogy between biological and technological evolution.
The theoretical framework is based on a rich tradition of interdisciplinary research, integrating Herbert Simon’s seminal theory on modular complex systems, artifact-centered evolutionary models of innovation (e.g. Basalla’s), and fundamental evolutionary processes recently researched in microbiology – including in particular exaptation and horizontal transfer.
The novel evolutionary perspective is supported by analytical narratives of paradigmatic historical and prehistorical cases – including the bow-and-arrow and the turbojet revolution – emphasizing its explanatory power in understanding presumptive anomalies and the inception of radical innovation.
Finally, some implications for innovation management (managing creative radical engineering), organizations (rethinking the mirror hypothesis) are explored as promising implications of this novel perspective of technological change.The thesis develops an evolutionary perspective of technological change based on a complex analogy between biological and technological evolution.
The theoretical framework is based on a rich tradition of interdisciplinary research, integrating Herbert Simon’s seminal theory on modular complex systems, artifact-centered evolutionary models of innovation (e.g. Basalla’s), and fundamental evolutionary processes recently researched in microbiology – including in particular exaptation and horizontal transfer.
The novel evolutionary perspective is supported by analytical narratives of paradigmatic historical and prehistorical cases – including the bow-and-arrow and the turbojet revolution – emphasizing its explanatory power in understanding presumptive anomalies and the inception of radical innovation.
Finally, some implications for innovation management (managing creative radical engineering), organizations (rethinking the mirror hypothesis) are explored as promising implications of this novel perspective of technological change
Managing intersections between biology and management. The theory of Business Model Horizontal Transfer (BMHT)
No full textThe aim of this paper is to bridge two streams of research and to create a novel intersection in the managerial literature. In particular, by combining the Woesian theory of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT), that is a cornerstone of biology literature, to the case of business model innovation (BMI), we propose novel argumentations that allow us to get to a better understanding of innovation processes happening when firms try to emulate each other’s business models, in full or in part. Previous literature has mainly labelled the process of emulation as “business model imitation”. By applying a biological analogy, we claim this process to be a process of modular horizontal transfer, in which functional modules of existing Business Models are transferred across firms through a process of ‘replication with modification’. Indeed, the final outcome is hardly a copycat of the original busines model, and may differentiates from (and innovates) it also radically. We propose Business Model Horizontal Transfer (BMHT) as a new concept in the Business Model literature. A concept that completes and extends our understanding about the logics and the processes through which new business models are created or just modified starting from existing ones
Managing intersections between biology and management. The theory of Business Model Horizontal Transfer (BMHT)
No full textThe aim of this paper is to bridge two streams of research and to create a novel intersection in the managerial literature. In particular, by combining the Woesian theory of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT), that is a cornerstone of biology literature, to the case of business model innovation (BMI), we propose novel argumentations that allow us to get to a better understanding of innovation processes happening when firms try to emulate each other’s business models, in full or in part. Previous literature has mainly labelled the process of emulation as “business model imitation”. By applying a biological analogy, we claim this process to be a process of modular horizontal transfer, in which functional modules of existing Business Models are transferred across firms through a process of ‘replication with modification’. Indeed, the final outcome is hardly a copycat of the original busines model, and may differentiates from (and innovates) it also radically. We propose Business Model Horizontal Transfer (BMHT) as a new concept in the Business Model literature. A concept that completes and extends our understanding about the logics and the processes through which new business models are created or just modified starting from existing ones
Energy balance of locomotion with pedal-driven watercraft
No full textIn this study, we examined the mechanics and energetics of locomotion with a paddle-wheel boat and a water bike. Power output (Ẇtot) was measured directly on the water bike by means of an instrumented chain-ring. The simultaneous assessment of oxygen uptake (V̇O2) allowed the computation of the "overall" efficiency of locomotion (ηo = Ẇtot/V̇O2). Mean ηo was 0.27 (s = 0.02), which was unaffected by the speed, and was assumed to be the same for the two boats as both are semi-recumbent bicycles. For the paddle-wheel boat, Ẇtot was then obtained from ηo and measures of V̇O2. The power to overcome (passive) drag was calculated as Ẇd = D · v (where D is the force measured by means of a load cell when towing the boats at given speeds). Propelling efficiency was calculated as ηp = Ẇd/Ẇtot, which was lower with the paddle-wheel boat (mean 0.35, s = 0.01) than with the water bike (mean 0.57, s = 0.01). The observed differences in ηp and Ẇd explain why at the highest speed tested (∼3 m · s-1), the energy required to cover a unit distance with the water bike is similar to that required to move the paddle-wheel boat at 1.3 m · s-1
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Trust in authorities monitoring the distribution of genetically modified foods: dimensionality, measurement issues, and determinants
No full textBased on a combined internet and mail survey in Germany the independence of indica-tors of trust in public authorities from indicators of attitudes toward genetically modified food is tested. Despite evidence of a link between trust indicators on the one hand and evaluation of benefits and perceived likelihoods of risks, correlation with other factors is found to be moderate on average. But the trust indicators exhibit only a moderate relation with the re-spondents’ preference for either sole public control or a cooperation of public and private bodies in the monitoring of GM food distribution. Instead, age and location in either the New or the Old Lander are found to be significantly related with such preferences
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A critical account of the relationship between institutional trust, risk perception, and technology acceptance with an application to genetically modified foods
No full textThis article critically reflects on the widely held view of a causal chain with trust in public authorities impacting technology acceptance via perceived risk. It first puts forward conceptual reason against this view, as the presence of risk is a precondition for trust playing a role in decision making. Second, results from consumer surveys in Italy and Germany are presented that support the associationist model as counter hypothesis. In that view, trust and risk judgments are driven by and thus simply indicators of higher order attitudes toward a certain technology which determine acceptance instead. The implications of these findings are discussed
PER UNA EDIZIONE CRITICA DELLE RIME DI BARTOLOMEO CAVASSICO
No full textThis PhD thesis consists of:
- An introductory part presenting the figure of the author, a description of the ms. bearing the Rime, an analysis of the form and content of the texts and the social, political and cultural context where they were produced;
- The critical edition of fifty-four poems in italian and fifteen in Bellunese dialect. An introductory cap presents the formal characteristics of the work and provides the context, if necessary; this is followed by the text, reproduced according to generally conservative criteria; at the bottom there is a first band of apparatus, aimed at containing corrections of servile errors; a second band, containing the actual genetic apparatus, bearing any variants or previous redactions of the text; and finally the commentary, aimed at clarifying critical places and pointing out parallels with other authors. For the Bellunese texts, a full translation was also provided.
- A caption index;
- Two lexical indexes, for italian and Bellunese texts, bearing the notable forms;
- Four appendices. Appendix I is a table containing all the poems, classified according to the following criteria: location in the ms., title, genre of the poem, language, possible addressee and brief summary, focusing, in particular, on the (recurring) themes present in the text. Appendix II houses vernacular texts not included in the edition, and Appendix III italian texts that the author has taken from other printings. Appendix IV contains the digital reproduction of six papers from ms. 396 of the Biblioteca Civica of Belluno.Questa tesi di dottorato si compone di:
- Una parte introduttiva che presenta la figura dell'autore, la descrizione del ms. recante le Rime, l'analisi della forma e dei contenuti dei testi e il contesto sociale, politico e culturale in cui sono stati prodotti;
- L'edizione critica commentata di cinquantaquattro poesie in volgare e quindici in dialetto bellunese. Un cappello introduttivo presenta le caratteristiche formali dell'opera e ne fornisce il contesto, qualora necessario; segue il testo, riprodotto secondo criteri generalmente conservativi; in calce si trovano una prima fascia di apparato, volta a contenere le correzioni degli errori servili, una seconda fascia, contenente l'apparato genetico vero e proprio, recante le eventuali varianti o redazioni precedenti del testo, e infine il commento, finalizzato a chiarire i luoghi critici e a segnalare paralleli con altri autori. Per i testi bellunesi si è fornita anche la traduzione integrale in calce.
- Un indice dei capoversi;
- Due indici lessicali, per i testi in volgare e per i testi in bellunese, recanti le forme notevoli;
- Quattro appendici. L'appendice I è una tabella contenente tutti i componimenti, classificati secondo i seguenti criteri: collocazione nel ms., titolo, genere del componimento, lingua, eventuale destinatario e breve riassunto, imperniato, in particolare, sui temi (ricorrenti) presenti nel testo. L'appendice II ospita i testi in volgare non inclusi nell'edizione, mentre l'appendice III i testi in volgare che l'autore ha tratto da altre stampe. L'appendice IV contiene la riproduzione digitale di sei carte del ms. 396 della Biblioteca Civica di Belluno, attraverso la quale si possono osservare la scrittura del notaio e gli interventi sui testi
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Do consumers want public or private bodies to monitor animal friendly production and marketing schemes? And does trust matter?
No full textProducing according to enhanced farm animal welfare (FAW) standards increases costs along the livestock value chain, especially for monitoring certified animal friendly products. In the choice between public or private bodies for carrying out and monitoring certification, consumer preferences and trust play a role. We explore this issue by applying logit analysis involving socio-economic and psychometric variables to survey data from Italy. Results
identify marked consumer preferences for public bodies and trust in stakeholders a key determinant
Etnografia digitale, netnografia e autoetnografia: ricerche tra vecchi punk, giovani neopagani e membri di una vasta comunità BDSM della Repubblica ceca
No full textIl capitolo presenta l'esperienza personale dell'autore, con l'utilizzo dei dati e delle esperienze raccolte attraverso internet, la netnografia come forma di ricerca qualitativa e l'accettazione personale dell'autoetnografia per la comprensione di sé, dell'altro e della cultura. Saranno analizzati 12 studi e ricerche realizzate dallo stesso autore, da solo o in qualità di coautore, tra gli anni 2005 e 2019, su temi di ricerca differenti, ma concentrati su selezionate sottoculture attive nella Repubblica Ceca. Il capitolo è concepito come un'introspezione diacronica in cui l'autore descrive i suoi primi tentativi di utilizzare pagine web e discussioni in internet come fonte di citazioni in articoli scientifici, fino al raggiungimento di una metodologia netnografica più matura.The chapter presents the personal experience of the author, with the use of data and experiences collected through the internet, the netnography as a form of qualitative research, and the personal acceptance of the autoethnography for the understanding of self, other, and culture. It will be analyzed 12 studies and researches realized by the same author, alone or as co-author, between the years 2005 and 2019, on different, but connected research topics concentred on selected sub-cultures active in the Czech Republic. The chapter is conceived as a diachronic introspection where the author describes his first attempts to use web pages and internet discussions as a source of quotations in scientific papers, up to the achievement of a more mature netnographic methodology
L'inclusione dell'altro. Profilo di Giuseppe Nicolaci
No full textThe author retraces the teaching of Giuseppe Nicolaci and identifies in the inclusion of alterity his distinctive profile ad a man ans a teacher
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